Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by State: 2019
State Census Code	State	Sector	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
63	Alabama	Total	3,042	2,042	174	200	8.5%	9.8%
63	Alabama	Public	500	325	62	75	19.0%	23.0%
63	Alabama	Private	2,542	1,716	112	125	6.5%	7.3%
63	Alabama	Priv. Manufacturing	464	313	29	35	9.3%	11.1%
63	Alabama	Priv. Construction	171	116	12	12	10.3%	10.3%
94	Alaska	Total	1,711	282	48	53	17.1%	18.7%
94	Alaska	Public	475	79	31	34	39.8%	43.3%
94	Alaska	Private	1,236	204	17	19	8.4%	9.2%
94	Alaska	Priv. Manufacturing	41	6	0	1	6.9%	11.7%
94	Alaska	Priv. Construction	82	14	3	3	19.1%	19.1%
86	Arizona	Total	2,406	3,028	174	214	5.7%	7.1%
86	Arizona	Public	339	417	84	102	20.1%	24.4%
86	Arizona	Private	2,067	2,611	90	113	3.4%	4.3%
86	Arizona	Priv. Manufacturing	194	245	7	9	2.9%	3.5%
86	Arizona	Priv. Construction	143	186	13	13	7.1%	7.1%
71	Arkansas	Total	2,656	1,201	62	71	5.1%	5.9%
71	Arkansas	Public	447	194	18	21	9.2%	11.0%
71	Arkansas	Private	2,209	1,006	44	49	4.3%	4.9%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Manufacturing	384	176	10	12	5.5%	6.6%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Construction	142	67	1	1	1.4%	1.4%
93	California	Total	13,173	16,504	2,499	2,722	15.1%	16.5%
93	California	Public	1,934	2,381	1,253	1,336	52.6%	56.1%
93	California	Private	11,239	14,123	1,247	1,385	8.8%	9.8%
93	California	Priv. Manufacturing	1,207	1,505	108	123	7.2%	8.2%
93	California	Priv. Construction	769	984	183	189	18.5%	19.2%
84	Colorado	Total	2,014	2,634	239	260	9.1%	9.9%
84	Colorado	Public	338	442	107	121	24.2%	27.4%
84	Colorado	Private	1,676	2,192	132	139	6.0%	6.3%
84	Colorado	Priv. Manufacturing	147	184	5	5	2.6%	2.6%
84	Colorado	Priv. Construction	169	222	17	19	7.6%	8.7%
16	Connecticut	Total	1,721	1,681	244	268	14.5%	16.0%
16	Connecticut	Public	237	224	141	147	62.7%	65.4%
16	Connecticut	Private	1,484	1,456	103	122	7.1%	8.4%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Manufacturing	211	203	16	22	7.9%	10.7%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Construction	82	86	11	11	12.8%	12.8%
51	Delaware	Total	1,639	433	38	43	8.7%	9.9%
51	Delaware	Public	247	61	21	23	34.8%	37.8%
51	Delaware	Private	1,392	371	16	20	4.4%	5.3%
51	Delaware	Priv. Manufacturing	116	29	2	2	8.5%	8.5%
51	Delaware	Priv. Construction	105	26	2	3	8.6%	11.7%
53	District of Columbia	Total	2,685	360	34	37	9.3%	10.2%
53	District of Columbia	Public	711	94	19	21	20.5%	22.4%
53	District of Columbia	Private	1,974	266	14	16	5.3%	5.9%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Manufacturing	30	4	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Construction	53	7	1	1	8.5%	9.7%
59	Florida	Total	6,570	8,829	551	667	6.2%	7.5%
59	Florida	Public	906	1,201	319	379	26.5%	31.6%
59	Florida	Private	5,664	7,629	233	288	3.0%	3.8%
59	Florida	Priv. Manufacturing	345	452	4	5	0.9%	1.2%
59	Florida	Priv. Construction	404	556	18	25	3.3%	4.4%
58	Georgia	Total	3,531	4,416	180	222	4.1%	5.0%
58	Georgia	Public	542	662	60	75	9.1%	11.4%
58	Georgia	Private	2,989	3,755	119	147	3.2%	3.9%
58	Georgia	Priv. Manufacturing	389	485	23	29	4.7%	6.1%
58	Georgia	Priv. Construction	197	246	14	20	5.7%	8.0%
95	Hawaii	Total	2,181	575	134	146	23.4%	25.4%
95	Hawaii	Public	501	133	70	76	52.7%	57.0%
95	Hawaii	Private	1,680	442	64	71	14.6%	16.0%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Manufacturing	41	11	1	1	8.0%	12.1%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Construction	162	40	13	14	33.2%	34.4%
82	Idaho	Total	2,570	764	38	46	4.9%	6.1%
82	Idaho	Public	359	103	18	21	17.4%	20.6%
82	Idaho	Private	2,211	662	20	25	3.0%	3.8%
82	Idaho	Priv. Manufacturing	297	90	5	5	5.5%	6.1%
82	Idaho	Priv. Construction	180	55	4	4	7.2%	7.2%
33	Illinois	Total	4,320	5,661	771	833	13.6%	14.7%
33	Illinois	Public	575	728	334	349	45.8%	47.9%
33	Illinois	Private	3,745	4,933	438	485	8.9%	9.8%
33	Illinois	Priv. Manufacturing	552	709	80	86	11.2%	12.2%
33	Illinois	Priv. Construction	184	235	77	80	32.5%	34.1%
32	Indiana	Total	2,620	3,009	249	295	8.3%	9.8%
32	Indiana	Public	307	339	71	91	21.0%	26.8%
32	Indiana	Private	2,313	2,669	178	204	6.7%	7.7%
32	Indiana	Priv. Manufacturing	495	564	57	61	10.1%	10.8%
32	Indiana	Priv. Construction	134	151	38	39	24.9%	25.5%
42	Iowa	Total	2,088	1,544	97	121	6.3%	7.9%
42	Iowa	Public	333	246	46	64	18.5%	26.1%
42	Iowa	Private	1,755	1,298	51	57	4.0%	4.4%
42	Iowa	Priv. Manufacturing	342	255	23	25	9.2%	9.9%
42	Iowa	Priv. Construction	109	80	8	8	10.1%	10.1%
47	Kansas	Total	2,033	1,281	111	129	8.7%	10.1%
47	Kansas	Public	384	234	53	62	22.5%	26.4%
47	Kansas	Private	1,649	1,046	58	67	5.6%	6.4%
47	Kansas	Priv. Manufacturing	314	198	25	31	12.9%	15.9%
47	Kansas	Priv. Construction	101	65	8	8	11.6%	11.6%
61	Kentucky	Total	1,683	1,786	143	169	8.0%	9.4%
61	Kentucky	Public	241	245	41	50	16.5%	20.4%
61	Kentucky	Private	1,442	1,540	102	118	6.7%	7.7%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Manufacturing	270	277	38	41	13.7%	14.6%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Construction	113	118	9	14	7.6%	11.8%
72	Louisiana	Total	3,268	1,780	94	107	5.3%	6.0%
72	Louisiana	Public	591	315	44	51	14.1%	16.1%
72	Louisiana	Private	2,677	1,465	50	57	3.4%	3.9%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Manufacturing	290	161	18	19	11.2%	12.0%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Construction	226	129	5	5	3.9%	3.9%
11	Maine	Total	1,226	589	69	81	11.8%	13.7%
11	Maine	Public	194	91	42	49	45.7%	53.9%
11	Maine	Private	1,032	498	28	32	5.5%	6.3%
11	Maine	Priv. Manufacturing	113	56	9	9	15.8%	16.8%
11	Maine	Priv. Construction	55	28	1	1	3.6%	3.6%
52	Maryland	Total	2,091	2,910	329	370	11.3%	12.7%
52	Maryland	Public	489	675	226	253	33.5%	37.5%
52	Maryland	Private	1,602	2,235	103	117	4.6%	5.2%
52	Maryland	Priv. Manufacturing	103	140	15	15	10.5%	10.5%
52	Maryland	Priv. Construction	132	189	11	11	5.7%	5.7%
14	Massachusetts	Total	3,535	3,393	406	449	12.0%	13.2%
14	Massachusetts	Public	436	409	209	217	51.2%	53.2%
14	Massachusetts	Private	3,099	2,984	197	232	6.6%	7.8%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Manufacturing	291	282	12	13	4.3%	4.5%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Construction	184	177	32	34	18.3%	19.2%
34	Michigan	Total	3,535	4,325	591	650	13.7%	15.0%
34	Michigan	Public	386	469	212	227	45.1%	48.4%
34	Michigan	Private	3,149	3,856	379	423	9.8%	11.0%
34	Michigan	Priv. Manufacturing	698	840	135	146	16.0%	17.4%
34	Michigan	Priv. Construction	153	181	44	44	24.2%	24.2%
41	Minnesota	Total	2,230	2,662	363	380	13.7%	14.3%
41	Minnesota	Public	309	359	193	200	53.7%	55.8%
41	Minnesota	Private	1,921	2,303	171	179	7.4%	7.8%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Manufacturing	331	387	46	46	11.9%	11.9%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Construction	107	128	25	26	19.3%	20.2%
64	Mississippi	Total	2,461	1,104	70	93	6.3%	8.4%
64	Mississippi	Public	461	202	33	37	16.2%	18.3%
64	Mississippi	Private	2,000	902	37	56	4.1%	6.2%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Manufacturing	341	152	16	21	10.4%	14.1%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Construction	153	70	3	5	4.7%	7.4%
43	Missouri	Total	2,155	2,662	296	332	11.1%	12.5%
43	Missouri	Public	330	396	111	127	28.1%	32.2%
43	Missouri	Private	1,825	2,266	185	205	8.2%	9.0%
43	Missouri	Priv. Manufacturing	278	337	46	49	13.8%	14.6%
43	Missouri	Priv. Construction	112	136	39	42	28.3%	30.7%
81	Montana	Total	2,627	437	46	52	10.5%	12.0%
81	Montana	Public	482	78	27	31	34.5%	39.5%
81	Montana	Private	2,145	359	19	21	5.3%	6.0%
81	Montana	Priv. Manufacturing	133	22	1	1	3.7%	4.5%
81	Montana	Priv. Construction	189	33	4	4	11.6%	12.2%
46	Nebraska	Total	2,118	895	74	85	8.3%	9.5%
46	Nebraska	Public	356	143	40	49	27.9%	33.9%
46	Nebraska	Private	1,762	751	34	37	4.6%	4.9%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Manufacturing	245	106	7	8	6.9%	7.2%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Construction	139	61	8	9	13.4%	14.4%
88	Nevada	Total	2,116	1,379	201	221	14.6%	16.1%
88	Nevada	Public	301	192	63	75	32.9%	39.1%
88	Nevada	Private	1,815	1,187	138	146	11.6%	12.3%
88	Nevada	Priv. Manufacturing	101	68	7	7	9.8%	10.8%
88	Nevada	Priv. Construction	165	108	28	28	25.8%	25.8%
12	New Hampshire	Total	2,412	677	69	79	10.3%	11.6%
12	New Hampshire	Public	322	87	39	45	44.7%	51.7%
12	New Hampshire	Private	2,090	590	31	34	5.2%	5.7%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Manufacturing	360	100	5	6	5.4%	5.7%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Construction	132	38	5	6	14.1%	14.9%
22	New Jersey	Total	3,328	4,095	642	712	15.7%	17.4%
22	New Jersey	Public	517	625	363	393	58.1%	62.8%
22	New Jersey	Private	2,811	3,470	279	319	8.0%	9.2%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Manufacturing	305	367	21	25	5.7%	6.7%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Construction	168	206	37	38	17.8%	18.2%
85	New Mexico	Total	2,402	812	58	72	7.1%	8.8%
85	New Mexico	Public	628	207	36	47	17.2%	22.8%
85	New Mexico	Private	1,774	605	22	25	3.6%	4.1%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Manufacturing	112	39	2	2	5.7%	5.7%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Construction	129	45	4	4	7.8%	7.8%
21	New York	Total	6,279	8,258	1,733	1,877	21.0%	22.7%
21	New York	Public	1,006	1,296	849	888	65.5%	68.5%
21	New York	Private	5,273	6,962	884	989	12.7%	14.2%
21	New York	Priv. Manufacturing	354	454	52	54	11.5%	11.8%
21	New York	Priv. Construction	356	477	113	127	23.7%	26.7%
56	North Carolina	Total	3,477	4,398	102	150	2.3%	3.4%
56	North Carolina	Public	554	694	59	85	8.5%	12.2%
56	North Carolina	Private	2,923	3,704	44	65	1.2%	1.8%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	428	540	10	11	1.9%	2.0%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Construction	227	285	2	4	0.8%	1.5%
44	North Dakota	Total	2,570	355	21	27	6.0%	7.5%
44	North Dakota	Public	446	60	11	14	19.1%	22.8%
44	North Dakota	Private	2,124	295	10	13	3.3%	4.3%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	202	29	2	3	7.1%	8.8%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Construction	161	23	1	2	6.3%	7.6%
31	Ohio	Total	3,851	5,125	610	673	11.9%	13.1%
31	Ohio	Public	561	719	305	331	42.4%	46.0%
31	Ohio	Private	3,290	4,406	305	342	6.9%	7.8%
31	Ohio	Priv. Manufacturing	645	832	104	109	12.5%	13.1%
31	Ohio	Priv. Construction	154	203	34	37	16.8%	18.1%
73	Oklahoma	Total	2,136	1,555	97	123	6.2%	7.9%
73	Oklahoma	Public	398	283	58	71	20.4%	25.0%
73	Oklahoma	Private	1,738	1,272	39	53	3.1%	4.1%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Manufacturing	237	173	11	14	6.5%	8.1%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Construction	101	77	2	2	2.0%	3.0%
92	Oregon	Total	2,343	1,772	255	277	14.4%	15.6%
92	Oregon	Public	368	272	145	154	53.2%	56.7%
92	Oregon	Private	1,975	1,500	110	123	7.3%	8.2%
92	Oregon	Priv. Manufacturing	281	211	15	15	7.2%	7.2%
92	Oregon	Priv. Construction	140	107	23	23	21.9%	21.9%
23	Pennsylvania	Total	4,184	5,642	677	740	12.0%	13.1%
23	Pennsylvania	Public	458	606	319	345	52.6%	56.8%
23	Pennsylvania	Private	3,726	5,035	357	396	7.1%	7.9%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Manufacturing	545	717	85	90	11.8%	12.5%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Construction	228	310	68	68	21.9%	21.9%
15	Rhode Island	Total	1,467	474	82	90	17.4%	19.0%
15	Rhode Island	Public	218	67	42	44	62.3%	65.9%
15	Rhode Island	Private	1,249	407	40	46	10.0%	11.2%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Manufacturing	147	48	4	6	8.8%	11.6%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Construction	68	23	3	4	14.6%	15.8%
57	South Carolina	Total	2,410	2,140	47	59	2.2%	2.7%
57	South Carolina	Public	375	328	24	29	7.4%	8.8%
57	South Carolina	Private	2,035	1,812	23	30	1.3%	1.6%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	350	306	4	5	1.5%	1.7%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Construction	157	141	2	2	1.1%	1.1%
45	South Dakota	Total	1,851	395	22	26	5.6%	6.7%
45	South Dakota	Public	292	62	13	17	21.3%	26.7%
45	South Dakota	Private	1,559	333	9	10	2.6%	2.9%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	259	54	3	3	6.1%	6.1%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Construction	98	23	1	1	3.9%	3.9%
62	Tennessee	Total	3,036	2,947	134	162	4.5%	5.5%
62	Tennessee	Public	450	420	62	71	14.7%	17.0%
62	Tennessee	Private	2,586	2,528	72	90	2.9%	3.6%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Manufacturing	385	363	20	20	5.4%	5.6%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Construction	182	181	9	11	5.1%	6.2%
74	Texas	Total	8,737	12,337	497	642	4.0%	5.2%
74	Texas	Public	1,196	1,621	230	280	14.2%	17.3%
74	Texas	Private	7,541	10,716	267	362	2.5%	3.4%
74	Texas	Priv. Manufacturing	775	1,100	30	41	2.7%	3.7%
74	Texas	Priv. Construction	655	962	29	35	3.0%	3.6%
87	Utah	Total	2,683	1,406	61	83	4.4%	5.9%
87	Utah	Public	447	228	25	38	11.1%	16.9%
87	Utah	Private	2,236	1,179	36	45	3.1%	3.8%
87	Utah	Priv. Manufacturing	268	140	4	5	2.9%	3.3%
87	Utah	Priv. Construction	195	105	5	6	5.1%	6.1%
13	Vermont	Total	2,144	290	33	35	11.3%	12.0%
13	Vermont	Public	350	46	20	21	42.8%	45.5%
13	Vermont	Private	1,794	244	13	14	5.3%	5.7%
13	Vermont	Priv. Manufacturing	259	36	1	1	3.3%	3.6%
13	Vermont	Priv. Construction	117	17	1	1	4.6%	4.6%
54	Virginia	Total	2,978	3,882	156	201	4.0%	5.2%
54	Virginia	Public	636	808	80	106	9.9%	13.1%
54	Virginia	Private	2,342	3,075	76	95	2.5%	3.1%
54	Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	198	268	19	25	7.2%	9.4%
54	Virginia	Priv. Construction	175	233	1	3	0.6%	1.1%
91	Washington	Total	3,054	3,393	638	684	18.8%	20.2%
91	Washington	Public	518	571	298	316	52.3%	55.3%
91	Washington	Private	2,536	2,822	339	368	12.0%	13.1%
91	Washington	Priv. Manufacturing	374	411	86	91	20.8%	22.2%
91	Washington	Priv. Construction	186	208	52	57	25.0%	27.5%
55	West Virginia	Total	2,961	705	72	78	10.2%	11.1%
55	West Virginia	Public	534	124	26	29	21.2%	23.7%
55	West Virginia	Private	2,427	580	45	49	7.8%	8.4%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	334	79	11	12	14.4%	15.6%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Construction	149	35	6	6	17.9%	17.9%
35	Wisconsin	Total	2,254	2,698	218	245	8.1%	9.1%
35	Wisconsin	Public	326	386	99	115	25.7%	29.8%
35	Wisconsin	Private	1,928	2,311	119	130	5.1%	5.6%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Manufacturing	448	530	53	56	9.9%	10.6%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Construction	120	142	25	25	17.4%	18.0%
83	Wyoming	Total	2,165	242	18	21	7.3%	8.7%
83	Wyoming	Public	551	61	8	11	13.6%	17.9%
83	Wyoming	Private	1,614	181	9	10	5.1%	5.6%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Manufacturing	88	10	1	1	12.3%	14.6%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Construction	116	13	1	1	7.7%	7.7%
Copyright 2024 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.