Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by State: 2018
State Census Code	State	Sector	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
63	Alabama	Total	3,024	1,949	181	196	9.3%	10.1%
63	Alabama	Public	527	333	83	92	24.9%	27.5%
63	Alabama	Private	2,497	1,616	98	105	6.0%	6.5%
63	Alabama	Priv. Manufacturing	490	321	23	25	7.2%	7.9%
63	Alabama	Priv. Construction	158	100	17	17	16.6%	16.6%
94	Alaska	Total	1,831	299	55	60	18.4%	20.0%
94	Alaska	Public	505	81	35	38	44.0%	46.8%
94	Alaska	Private	1,326	218	20	22	9.0%	10.2%
94	Alaska	Priv. Manufacturing	43	7	1	1	8.7%	8.7%
94	Alaska	Priv. Construction	82	14	3	3	25.1%	25.1%
86	Arizona	Total	2,489	2,945	157	191	5.3%	6.5%
86	Arizona	Public	403	471	96	116	20.4%	24.7%
86	Arizona	Private	2,086	2,474	60	75	2.4%	3.0%
86	Arizona	Priv. Manufacturing	186	221	3	7	1.6%	3.0%
86	Arizona	Priv. Construction	168	203	4	4	2.1%	2.1%
71	Arkansas	Total	2,753	1,176	56	62	4.8%	5.3%
71	Arkansas	Public	444	186	16	18	8.6%	9.6%
71	Arkansas	Private	2,309	990	40	44	4.1%	4.4%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Manufacturing	385	165	10	11	6.1%	6.6%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Construction	186	81	4	4	5.1%	5.1%
93	California	Total	13,404	16,398	2,405	2,587	14.7%	15.8%
93	California	Public	2,058	2,472	1,242	1,306	50.3%	52.8%
93	California	Private	11,346	13,926	1,163	1,281	8.3%	9.2%
93	California	Priv. Manufacturing	1,314	1,606	122	134	7.6%	8.4%
93	California	Priv. Construction	730	905	144	153	15.9%	17.0%
84	Colorado	Total	2,125	2,562	281	307	11.0%	12.0%
84	Colorado	Public	369	435	108	114	24.7%	26.2%
84	Colorado	Private	1,756	2,127	173	193	8.1%	9.1%
84	Colorado	Priv. Manufacturing	149	187	8	8	4.3%	4.3%
84	Colorado	Priv. Construction	183	224	18	22	7.9%	9.6%
16	Connecticut	Total	1,752	1,677	267	280	15.9%	16.7%
16	Connecticut	Public	254	236	148	150	62.6%	63.8%
16	Connecticut	Private	1,498	1,441	120	130	8.3%	9.0%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Manufacturing	185	179	25	25	13.9%	13.9%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Construction	89	82	17	17	20.1%	21.2%
51	Delaware	Total	1,844	433	45	47	10.3%	10.8%
51	Delaware	Public	266	60	23	24	37.9%	39.4%
51	Delaware	Private	1,578	373	22	23	5.9%	6.2%
51	Delaware	Priv. Manufacturing	177	41	4	5	10.4%	11.5%
51	Delaware	Priv. Construction	119	28	5	5	17.2%	17.2%
53	District of Columbia	Total	2,963	355	35	41	9.9%	11.6%
53	District of Columbia	Public	809	93	20	23	21.3%	25.2%
53	District of Columbia	Private	2,154	261	15	18	5.9%	6.8%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Manufacturing	30	3	0	0	10.0%	10.0%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Construction	67	8	1	1	7.9%	12.7%
59	Florida	Total	6,662	8,713	484	588	5.6%	6.7%
59	Florida	Public	874	1,134	304	347	26.8%	30.6%
59	Florida	Private	5,788	7,578	180	241	2.4%	3.2%
59	Florida	Priv. Manufacturing	341	440	14	15	3.3%	3.5%
59	Florida	Priv. Construction	432	576	11	15	1.9%	2.7%
58	Georgia	Total	3,626	4,467	200	248	4.5%	5.5%
58	Georgia	Public	580	691	98	122	14.2%	17.7%
58	Georgia	Private	3,046	3,776	102	126	2.7%	3.3%
58	Georgia	Priv. Manufacturing	387	473	17	20	3.6%	4.2%
58	Georgia	Priv. Construction	202	259	12	13	4.6%	5.0%
95	Hawaii	Total	2,339	601	139	146	23.1%	24.3%
95	Hawaii	Public	514	129	68	70	52.6%	54.6%
95	Hawaii	Private	1,825	472	71	75	15.1%	16.0%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Manufacturing	53	13	1	2	10.7%	14.1%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Construction	162	42	17	17	41.6%	42.0%
82	Idaho	Total	2,579	733	34	41	4.7%	5.6%
82	Idaho	Public	404	114	18	23	16.1%	20.2%
82	Idaho	Private	2,175	620	16	19	2.6%	3.0%
82	Idaho	Priv. Manufacturing	284	82	5	6	6.2%	7.1%
82	Idaho	Priv. Construction	177	53	4	4	8.1%	8.1%
33	Illinois	Total	4,646	5,694	786	839	13.8%	14.7%
33	Illinois	Public	653	776	360	384	46.4%	49.4%
33	Illinois	Private	3,993	4,918	426	456	8.7%	9.3%
33	Illinois	Priv. Manufacturing	570	693	96	99	13.9%	14.3%
33	Illinois	Priv. Construction	199	241	86	89	35.6%	36.9%
32	Indiana	Total	2,846	3,051	269	283	8.8%	9.3%
32	Indiana	Public	361	375	82	93	21.9%	24.9%
32	Indiana	Private	2,485	2,676	187	190	7.0%	7.1%
32	Indiana	Priv. Manufacturing	531	568	72	72	12.7%	12.7%
32	Indiana	Priv. Construction	127	132	36	36	27.3%	27.3%
42	Iowa	Total	1,972	1,461	113	129	7.7%	8.8%
42	Iowa	Public	310	229	49	58	21.4%	25.4%
42	Iowa	Private	1,662	1,232	64	71	5.2%	5.8%
42	Iowa	Priv. Manufacturing	291	218	24	26	11.1%	12.1%
42	Iowa	Priv. Construction	90	68	17	17	24.3%	24.3%
47	Kansas	Total	2,079	1,285	91	129	7.0%	10.1%
47	Kansas	Public	360	215	38	60	17.7%	27.7%
47	Kansas	Private	1,719	1,070	53	70	4.9%	6.5%
47	Kansas	Priv. Manufacturing	307	191	24	30	12.6%	15.7%
47	Kansas	Priv. Construction	118	76	9	11	12.3%	13.9%
61	Kentucky	Total	1,876	1,810	160	206	8.8%	11.4%
61	Kentucky	Public	277	255	54	63	21.2%	24.9%
61	Kentucky	Private	1,599	1,556	106	143	6.8%	9.2%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Manufacturing	245	234	24	26	10.2%	11.3%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Construction	99	99	12	16	12.2%	16.4%
72	Louisiana	Total	3,299	1,787	89	104	5.0%	5.8%
72	Louisiana	Public	600	321	44	50	13.6%	15.5%
72	Louisiana	Private	2,699	1,466	45	54	3.1%	3.7%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Manufacturing	277	154	15	17	9.7%	11.1%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Construction	196	111	8	9	7.6%	8.3%
11	Maine	Total	1,302	573	74	85	12.9%	14.8%
11	Maine	Public	216	91	46	53	50.5%	58.2%
11	Maine	Private	1,086	482	28	32	5.8%	6.6%
11	Maine	Priv. Manufacturing	126	55	9	9	16.1%	16.1%
11	Maine	Priv. Construction	49	22	2	2	7.9%	7.9%
52	Maryland	Total	2,263	2,781	306	335	11.0%	12.0%
52	Maryland	Public	523	636	183	199	28.7%	31.2%
52	Maryland	Private	1,740	2,145	124	136	5.8%	6.3%
52	Maryland	Priv. Manufacturing	90	110	13	14	11.7%	12.6%
52	Maryland	Priv. Construction	139	175	19	22	10.7%	12.3%
14	Massachusetts	Total	3,744	3,392	463	491	13.6%	14.5%
14	Massachusetts	Public	484	433	249	259	57.5%	59.9%
14	Massachusetts	Private	3,260	2,960	214	232	7.2%	7.8%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Manufacturing	338	307	15	16	4.8%	5.1%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Construction	194	177	27	28	15.1%	15.6%
34	Michigan	Total	3,689	4,319	625	662	14.5%	15.3%
34	Michigan	Public	425	490	205	216	41.9%	44.1%
34	Michigan	Private	3,264	3,828	419	446	11.0%	11.7%
34	Michigan	Priv. Manufacturing	776	899	150	155	16.6%	17.2%
34	Michigan	Priv. Construction	153	176	34	35	19.2%	19.9%
41	Minnesota	Total	2,304	2,637	395	421	15.0%	16.0%
41	Minnesota	Public	289	320	190	200	59.3%	62.6%
41	Minnesota	Private	2,015	2,317	206	221	8.9%	9.5%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Manufacturing	310	354	35	37	10.0%	10.5%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Construction	111	125	36	36	29.1%	29.1%
64	Mississippi	Total	2,635	1,123	58	80	5.1%	7.1%
64	Mississippi	Public	494	209	25	32	11.9%	15.5%
64	Mississippi	Private	2,141	914	33	48	3.6%	5.2%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Manufacturing	373	158	16	23	9.9%	14.3%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Construction	135	57	2	3	3.9%	5.9%
43	Missouri	Total	2,282	2,681	252	283	9.4%	10.6%
43	Missouri	Public	337	382	104	120	27.3%	31.3%
43	Missouri	Private	1,945	2,299	147	164	6.4%	7.1%
43	Missouri	Priv. Manufacturing	280	329	39	40	11.7%	12.1%
43	Missouri	Priv. Construction	137	161	40	41	24.7%	25.7%
81	Montana	Total	2,805	427	50	60	11.8%	14.0%
81	Montana	Public	557	82	31	36	37.5%	44.2%
81	Montana	Private	2,248	345	20	24	5.7%	6.8%
81	Montana	Priv. Manufacturing	155	24	2	2	8.3%	8.3%
81	Montana	Priv. Construction	177	28	3	3	10.0%	11.5%
46	Nebraska	Total	2,133	884	58	71	6.6%	8.0%
46	Nebraska	Public	345	140	31	40	22.0%	28.3%
46	Nebraska	Private	1,788	744	28	31	3.7%	4.2%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Manufacturing	275	114	8	10	6.6%	8.4%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Construction	147	63	6	6	8.8%	8.8%
88	Nevada	Total	2,145	1,377	191	215	13.9%	15.6%
88	Nevada	Public	281	176	58	71	32.9%	40.0%
88	Nevada	Private	1,864	1,201	133	145	11.1%	12.1%
88	Nevada	Priv. Manufacturing	109	70	3	5	5.0%	6.5%
88	Nevada	Priv. Construction	144	94	18	19	19.5%	20.1%
12	New Hampshire	Total	2,451	664	68	77	10.2%	11.6%
12	New Hampshire	Public	351	93	39	44	42.4%	47.0%
12	New Hampshire	Private	2,100	571	28	33	4.9%	5.8%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Manufacturing	347	94	5	7	5.6%	7.1%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Construction	146	40	7	7	16.5%	17.2%
22	New Jersey	Total	3,270	3,933	587	639	14.9%	16.2%
22	New Jersey	Public	466	544	325	342	59.6%	62.9%
22	New Jersey	Private	2,804	3,389	263	296	7.8%	8.7%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Manufacturing	268	320	10	11	3.0%	3.4%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Construction	163	195	43	45	22.1%	23.1%
85	New Mexico	Total	2,455	813	55	66	6.8%	8.2%
85	New Mexico	Public	651	209	30	38	14.5%	18.1%
85	New Mexico	Private	1,804	604	25	28	4.1%	4.7%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Manufacturing	113	38	2	3	5.3%	6.8%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Construction	143	52	6	6	11.7%	11.7%
21	New York	Total	6,427	8,407	1,874	2,028	22.3%	24.1%
21	New York	Public	1,118	1,429	952	996	66.6%	69.7%
21	New York	Private	5,309	6,978	922	1,032	13.2%	14.8%
21	New York	Priv. Manufacturing	403	507	55	63	10.8%	12.5%
21	New York	Priv. Construction	328	441	90	92	20.5%	21.0%
56	North Carolina	Total	3,485	4,330	117	173	2.7%	4.0%
56	North Carolina	Public	538	659	44	64	6.6%	9.7%
56	North Carolina	Private	2,947	3,671	73	109	2.0%	3.0%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	440	556	8	14	1.5%	2.6%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Construction	259	330	1	6	0.3%	1.7%
44	North Dakota	Total	2,498	342	18	23	5.2%	6.7%
44	North Dakota	Public	388	52	8	10	15.1%	19.4%
44	North Dakota	Private	2,110	291	10	13	3.5%	4.5%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	208	28	2	2	6.9%	7.4%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Construction	143	20	2	2	9.2%	9.7%
31	Ohio	Total	4,104	5,054	640	722	12.7%	14.3%
31	Ohio	Public	595	714	321	357	44.9%	50.0%
31	Ohio	Private	3,509	4,340	319	365	7.4%	8.4%
31	Ohio	Priv. Manufacturing	655	789	86	86	10.9%	10.9%
31	Ohio	Priv. Construction	178	218	53	57	24.3%	26.1%
73	Oklahoma	Total	2,267	1,586	90	118	5.7%	7.4%
73	Oklahoma	Public	415	283	58	73	20.6%	25.6%
73	Oklahoma	Private	1,852	1,303	32	45	2.4%	3.5%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Manufacturing	219	155	4	5	2.9%	3.3%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Construction	126	93	0	3	0.0%	2.8%
92	Oregon	Total	2,274	1,741	241	255	13.9%	14.7%
92	Oregon	Public	361	269	137	144	51.0%	53.6%
92	Oregon	Private	1,913	1,472	104	111	7.1%	7.5%
92	Oregon	Priv. Manufacturing	289	222	11	12	4.9%	5.5%
92	Oregon	Priv. Construction	114	90	21	22	23.5%	24.4%
23	Pennsylvania	Total	4,424	5,582	700	748	12.5%	13.4%
23	Pennsylvania	Public	449	560	297	326	53.0%	58.3%
23	Pennsylvania	Private	3,975	5,023	404	421	8.0%	8.4%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Manufacturing	565	698	85	85	12.2%	12.2%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Construction	210	262	69	72	26.3%	27.6%
15	Rhode Island	Total	1,604	480	83	89	17.3%	18.5%
15	Rhode Island	Public	254	74	47	50	64.4%	67.6%
15	Rhode Island	Private	1,350	406	36	39	8.8%	9.5%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Manufacturing	171	52	3	3	5.9%	6.3%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Construction	64	20	4	5	21.5%	23.1%
57	South Carolina	Total	2,381	2,016	55	72	2.7%	3.6%
57	South Carolina	Public	390	325	28	35	8.7%	10.8%
57	South Carolina	Private	1,991	1,691	27	37	1.6%	2.2%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	316	268	5	7	1.8%	2.5%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Construction	146	128	3	3	2.1%	2.6%
45	South Dakota	Total	1,961	387	22	27	5.6%	7.1%
45	South Dakota	Public	297	60	12	15	20.0%	24.9%
45	South Dakota	Private	1,664	327	10	13	3.0%	3.8%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	273	53	2	3	3.3%	5.1%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Construction	124	26	2	3	9.1%	10.1%
62	Tennessee	Total	2,998	2,814	154	179	5.5%	6.3%
62	Tennessee	Public	487	444	78	89	17.6%	20.1%
62	Tennessee	Private	2,511	2,371	76	90	3.2%	3.8%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Manufacturing	392	359	22	26	6.2%	7.2%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Construction	165	156	8	9	5.1%	5.7%
74	Texas	Total	9,231	11,986	512	654	4.3%	5.5%
74	Texas	Public	1,349	1,710	240	304	14.0%	17.8%
74	Texas	Private	7,882	10,276	272	349	2.6%	3.4%
74	Texas	Priv. Manufacturing	791	1,027	52	64	5.1%	6.2%
74	Texas	Priv. Construction	740	988	39	51	4.0%	5.1%
87	Utah	Total	2,580	1,343	56	76	4.1%	5.6%
87	Utah	Public	410	208	27	36	13.1%	17.5%
87	Utah	Private	2,170	1,135	28	39	2.5%	3.5%
87	Utah	Priv. Manufacturing	290	153	4	5	2.8%	3.2%
87	Utah	Priv. Construction	184	98	7	8	7.3%	8.2%
13	Vermont	Total	2,255	292	31	34	10.5%	11.6%
13	Vermont	Public	362	45	19	21	42.3%	47.4%
13	Vermont	Private	1,893	247	12	12	4.7%	5.1%
13	Vermont	Priv. Manufacturing	245	32	1	1	2.5%	2.5%
13	Vermont	Priv. Construction	112	15	1	1	4.4%	4.4%
54	Virginia	Total	3,123	3,878	168	213	4.3%	5.5%
54	Virginia	Public	623	759	69	95	9.1%	12.6%
54	Virginia	Private	2,500	3,119	98	118	3.2%	3.8%
54	Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	219	275	34	35	12.3%	12.8%
54	Virginia	Priv. Construction	201	258	6	8	2.2%	3.2%
91	Washington	Total	3,015	3,274	648	670	19.8%	20.5%
91	Washington	Public	543	581	302	309	51.9%	53.2%
91	Washington	Private	2,472	2,693	346	361	12.9%	13.4%
91	Washington	Priv. Manufacturing	352	384	101	103	26.2%	26.7%
91	Washington	Priv. Construction	179	192	48	49	25.0%	25.5%
55	West Virginia	Total	3,075	684	68	74	10.0%	10.8%
55	West Virginia	Public	527	114	24	27	21.5%	24.1%
55	West Virginia	Private	2,548	570	44	46	7.7%	8.1%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	343	75	11	12	15.0%	15.3%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Construction	152	33	6	7	19.0%	19.6%
35	Wisconsin	Total	2,325	2,698	219	233	8.1%	8.6%
35	Wisconsin	Public	320	367	89	100	24.4%	27.2%
35	Wisconsin	Private	2,005	2,331	129	133	5.5%	5.7%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Manufacturing	469	546	56	59	10.3%	10.7%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Construction	104	120	20	20	16.9%	16.9%
83	Wyoming	Total	2,241	236	15	18	6.5%	7.6%
83	Wyoming	Public	544	57	7	9	13.0%	15.3%
83	Wyoming	Private	1,697	179	8	9	4.5%	5.2%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Manufacturing	90	9	1	1	7.6%	7.6%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Construction	117	13	1	1	6.7%	6.7%
Copyright 2024 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.