Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by State: 2016
State Census Code	State	Sector	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
63	Alabama	Total	3,081	1,894	154	170	8.1%	9.0%
63	Alabama	Public	525	311	69	74	22.3%	23.9%
63	Alabama	Private	2,556	1,583	84	96	5.3%	6.1%
63	Alabama	Priv. Manufacturing	497	308	20	22	6.6%	7.0%
63	Alabama	Priv. Construction	154	97	11	13	11.3%	13.6%
94	Alaska	Total	1,995	297	55	59	18.5%	19.9%
94	Alaska	Public	571	82	34	36	41.0%	44.1%
94	Alaska	Private	1,424	215	21	23	9.9%	10.5%
94	Alaska	Priv. Manufacturing	63	9	0	0	1.3%	1.3%
94	Alaska	Priv. Construction	117	19	5	5	26.6%	27.3%
86	Arizona	Total	2,555	2,728	122	151	4.5%	5.5%
86	Arizona	Public	342	372	62	73	16.6%	19.7%
86	Arizona	Private	2,213	2,355	60	77	2.6%	3.3%
86	Arizona	Priv. Manufacturing	187	198	4	4	2.2%	2.2%
86	Arizona	Priv. Construction	141	151	11	12	7.1%	8.0%
71	Arkansas	Total	2,785	1,185	47	60	4.0%	5.0%
71	Arkansas	Public	502	207	20	27	9.7%	12.8%
71	Arkansas	Private	2,283	978	27	33	2.7%	3.4%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Manufacturing	357	153	8	8	4.9%	5.4%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Construction	161	69	1	2	1.7%	2.3%
93	California	Total	13,786	16,007	2,550	2,795	15.9%	17.5%
93	California	Public	2,189	2,512	1,358	1,436	54.1%	57.2%
93	California	Private	11,597	13,495	1,191	1,359	8.8%	10.1%
93	California	Priv. Manufacturing	1,398	1,630	69	90	4.3%	5.5%
93	California	Priv. Construction	720	857	158	168	18.4%	19.6%
84	Colorado	Total	2,073	2,440	238	263	9.8%	10.8%
84	Colorado	Public	311	359	95	105	26.4%	29.3%
84	Colorado	Private	1,762	2,081	144	158	6.9%	7.6%
84	Colorado	Priv. Manufacturing	130	154	19	19	12.1%	12.1%
84	Colorado	Priv. Construction	140	168	20	22	12.1%	13.0%
16	Connecticut	Total	1,753	1,569	275	288	17.5%	18.4%
16	Connecticut	Public	268	233	156	162	67.1%	69.4%
16	Connecticut	Private	1,485	1,336	119	127	8.9%	9.5%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Manufacturing	224	200	20	24	10.1%	11.9%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Construction	77	71	11	12	15.9%	16.9%
51	Delaware	Total	1,943	419	48	56	11.4%	13.3%
51	Delaware	Public	287	60	27	29	45.0%	47.4%
51	Delaware	Private	1,656	359	21	27	5.8%	7.6%
51	Delaware	Priv. Manufacturing	163	34	3	3	8.7%	8.7%
51	Delaware	Priv. Construction	125	27	4	6	16.5%	21.3%
53	District of Columbia	Total	3,282	344	33	37	9.5%	10.8%
53	District of Columbia	Public	853	87	17	19	19.1%	22.1%
53	District of Columbia	Private	2,429	257	16	18	6.2%	6.9%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Manufacturing	36	4	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Construction	64	7	1	1	10.1%	10.1%
59	Florida	Total	6,763	8,117	456	574	5.6%	7.1%
59	Florida	Public	930	1,099	278	336	25.3%	30.6%
59	Florida	Private	5,833	7,018	178	238	2.5%	3.4%
59	Florida	Priv. Manufacturing	356	428	13	16	3.1%	3.6%
59	Florida	Priv. Construction	398	490	15	19	3.1%	3.8%
58	Georgia	Total	3,585	4,250	164	210	3.9%	4.9%
58	Georgia	Public	522	594	70	92	11.9%	15.5%
58	Georgia	Private	3,063	3,656	94	118	2.6%	3.2%
58	Georgia	Priv. Manufacturing	395	465	14	15	3.0%	3.2%
58	Georgia	Priv. Construction	201	248	8	8	3.1%	3.1%
95	Hawaii	Total	2,518	597	118	124	19.8%	20.8%
95	Hawaii	Public	525	122	55	58	45.4%	47.6%
95	Hawaii	Private	1,993	475	63	66	13.2%	13.9%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Manufacturing	63	15	1	1	5.2%	5.2%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Construction	165	41	16	17	39.7%	41.5%
82	Idaho	Total	2,613	690	42	47	6.1%	6.7%
82	Idaho	Public	396	102	19	22	18.7%	21.6%
82	Idaho	Private	2,217	588	23	24	3.9%	4.2%
82	Idaho	Priv. Manufacturing	325	88	8	8	9.1%	9.3%
82	Idaho	Priv. Construction	150	40	4	4	8.9%	8.9%
33	Illinois	Total	5,039	5,589	812	857	14.5%	15.3%
33	Illinois	Public	618	670	333	353	49.7%	52.7%
33	Illinois	Private	4,421	4,918	479	503	9.7%	10.2%
33	Illinois	Priv. Manufacturing	637	717	83	84	11.6%	11.7%
33	Illinois	Priv. Construction	231	257	94	96	36.7%	37.2%
32	Indiana	Total	2,858	2,926	303	334	10.4%	11.4%
32	Indiana	Public	363	366	101	117	27.7%	31.9%
32	Indiana	Private	2,495	2,560	202	217	7.9%	8.5%
32	Indiana	Priv. Manufacturing	570	570	80	85	14.1%	14.9%
32	Indiana	Priv. Construction	146	148	37	37	24.8%	24.8%
42	Iowa	Total	2,039	1,453	128	153	8.8%	10.5%
42	Iowa	Public	318	224	66	81	29.3%	36.0%
42	Iowa	Private	1,721	1,229	63	72	5.1%	5.9%
42	Iowa	Priv. Manufacturing	263	184	21	22	11.3%	11.8%
42	Iowa	Priv. Construction	113	82	12	13	14.6%	15.8%
47	Kansas	Total	2,131	1,276	109	132	8.6%	10.3%
47	Kansas	Public	351	203	46	58	22.8%	28.5%
47	Kansas	Private	1,780	1,073	63	74	5.9%	6.9%
47	Kansas	Priv. Manufacturing	310	184	21	26	11.4%	14.3%
47	Kansas	Priv. Construction	106	65	7	7	10.5%	10.5%
61	Kentucky	Total	1,932	1,708	190	228	11.1%	13.4%
61	Kentucky	Public	311	269	57	69	21.2%	25.6%
61	Kentucky	Private	1,621	1,438	133	159	9.2%	11.1%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Manufacturing	240	218	34	36	15.5%	16.7%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Construction	109	96	20	20	20.4%	20.4%
72	Louisiana	Total	3,533	1,797	75	88	4.2%	4.9%
72	Louisiana	Public	646	324	41	49	12.6%	15.2%
72	Louisiana	Private	2,887	1,474	34	39	2.3%	2.6%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Manufacturing	280	143	10	11	6.9%	7.9%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Construction	240	125	7	7	5.3%	5.3%
11	Maine	Total	1,409	568	65	77	11.4%	13.5%
11	Maine	Public	235	90	43	52	48.0%	58.1%
11	Maine	Private	1,174	478	22	25	4.5%	5.1%
11	Maine	Priv. Manufacturing	137	55	6	6	10.3%	11.7%
11	Maine	Priv. Construction	55	22	1	1	4.7%	6.4%
52	Maryland	Total	2,331	2,817	309	347	11.0%	12.3%
52	Maryland	Public	578	695	191	206	27.4%	29.7%
52	Maryland	Private	1,753	2,122	119	141	5.6%	6.6%
52	Maryland	Priv. Manufacturing	98	116	4	4	3.9%	3.9%
52	Maryland	Priv. Construction	146	181	23	28	12.7%	15.3%
14	Massachusetts	Total	3,687	3,162	382	407	12.1%	12.9%
14	Massachusetts	Public	470	398	205	216	51.6%	54.2%
14	Massachusetts	Private	3,217	2,764	177	191	6.4%	6.9%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Manufacturing	362	301	22	22	7.2%	7.2%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Construction	174	147	21	23	14.5%	15.7%
34	Michigan	Total	3,706	4,197	607	651	14.5%	15.5%
34	Michigan	Public	461	507	235	252	46.3%	49.7%
34	Michigan	Private	3,245	3,690	372	400	10.1%	10.8%
34	Michigan	Priv. Manufacturing	756	855	134	137	15.7%	16.1%
34	Michigan	Priv. Construction	154	172	32	32	18.8%	18.8%
41	Minnesota	Total	2,325	2,562	364	388	14.2%	15.1%
41	Minnesota	Public	369	400	184	197	46.0%	49.3%
41	Minnesota	Private	1,956	2,162	180	191	8.3%	8.8%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Manufacturing	385	420	42	45	9.9%	10.7%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Construction	112	126	46	47	36.1%	37.2%
64	Mississippi	Total	2,747	1,108	73	89	6.6%	8.1%
64	Mississippi	Public	572	225	30	35	13.3%	15.5%
64	Mississippi	Private	2,175	882	43	55	4.9%	6.2%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Manufacturing	423	173	20	24	11.4%	13.7%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Construction	125	51	4	4	7.1%	8.1%
43	Missouri	Total	2,398	2,716	262	290	9.6%	10.7%
43	Missouri	Public	334	367	83	101	22.6%	27.5%
43	Missouri	Private	2,064	2,348	179	189	7.6%	8.0%
43	Missouri	Priv. Manufacturing	275	314	54	56	17.3%	17.9%
43	Missouri	Priv. Construction	127	144	40	40	27.8%	27.8%
81	Montana	Total	3,198	418	50	58	11.9%	13.9%
81	Montana	Public	655	84	28	34	33.6%	40.4%
81	Montana	Private	2,543	334	22	24	6.4%	7.3%
81	Montana	Priv. Manufacturing	180	24	4	4	16.9%	17.6%
81	Montana	Priv. Construction	180	24	2	2	9.1%	9.7%
46	Nebraska	Total	2,260	876	64	74	7.4%	8.5%
46	Nebraska	Public	341	128	37	42	29.0%	32.9%
46	Nebraska	Private	1,919	748	27	32	3.7%	4.3%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Manufacturing	265	103	9	9	8.7%	8.7%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Construction	128	53	4	4	8.4%	8.4%
88	Nevada	Total	2,029	1,214	146	182	12.0%	15.0%
88	Nevada	Public	271	162	45	62	27.5%	38.5%
88	Nevada	Private	1,758	1,052	102	120	9.7%	11.4%
88	Nevada	Priv. Manufacturing	84	49	2	3	4.7%	5.9%
88	Nevada	Priv. Construction	132	81	13	13	16.7%	16.7%
12	New Hampshire	Total	2,572	668	63	74	9.4%	11.0%
12	New Hampshire	Public	373	96	43	50	44.8%	52.6%
12	New Hampshire	Private	2,199	572	20	23	3.5%	4.1%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Manufacturing	358	92	1	1	1.4%	1.6%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Construction	121	33	3	3	9.5%	10.3%
22	New Jersey	Total	3,605	4,001	643	666	16.1%	16.6%
22	New Jersey	Public	584	643	365	376	56.8%	58.4%
22	New Jersey	Private	3,021	3,358	278	290	8.3%	8.6%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Manufacturing	315	342	19	19	5.4%	5.4%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Construction	163	179	40	40	22.4%	22.4%
85	New Mexico	Total	2,785	784	49	64	6.3%	8.2%
85	New Mexico	Public	676	188	33	43	17.5%	22.6%
85	New Mexico	Private	2,109	596	16	22	2.8%	3.7%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Manufacturing	133	37	1	1	1.4%	2.7%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Construction	161	47	2	2	3.8%	3.8%
21	New York	Total	6,683	8,231	1,941	2,075	23.6%	25.2%
21	New York	Public	1,155	1,379	928	968	67.3%	70.2%
21	New York	Private	5,528	6,852	1,014	1,107	14.8%	16.2%
21	New York	Priv. Manufacturing	447	540	62	66	11.5%	12.2%
21	New York	Priv. Construction	312	398	122	126	30.7%	31.6%
56	North Carolina	Total	3,705	4,230	129	174	3.0%	4.1%
56	North Carolina	Public	530	587	67	85	11.4%	14.5%
56	North Carolina	Private	3,175	3,642	62	89	1.7%	2.4%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	501	575	10	15	1.8%	2.7%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Construction	204	242	8	8	3.2%	3.2%
44	North Dakota	Total	2,704	363	20	25	5.5%	6.9%
44	North Dakota	Public	477	63	10	11	16.1%	17.9%
44	North Dakota	Private	2,227	300	10	14	3.3%	4.6%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	176	23	2	3	9.0%	13.4%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Construction	181	24	1	2	6.2%	7.8%
31	Ohio	Total	4,416	4,973	616	701	12.4%	14.1%
31	Ohio	Public	597	664	287	316	43.2%	47.7%
31	Ohio	Private	3,819	4,309	330	385	7.6%	8.9%
31	Ohio	Priv. Manufacturing	785	874	125	137	14.3%	15.7%
31	Ohio	Priv. Construction	202	227	51	53	22.6%	23.2%
73	Oklahoma	Total	2,206	1,481	79	97	5.4%	6.5%
73	Oklahoma	Public	434	280	40	48	14.4%	17.3%
73	Oklahoma	Private	1,772	1,200	39	49	3.3%	4.0%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Manufacturing	189	127	13	15	10.0%	12.1%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Construction	124	86	4	6	4.7%	6.8%
92	Oregon	Total	2,408	1,690	228	267	13.5%	15.8%
92	Oregon	Public	338	233	117	125	50.3%	53.6%
92	Oregon	Private	2,070	1,457	110	142	7.6%	9.7%
92	Oregon	Priv. Manufacturing	312	223	17	20	7.4%	8.9%
92	Oregon	Priv. Construction	124	87	14	16	15.9%	18.2%
23	Pennsylvania	Total	4,934	5,690	687	725	12.1%	12.7%
23	Pennsylvania	Public	555	626	312	328	49.8%	52.4%
23	Pennsylvania	Private	4,379	5,064	375	397	7.4%	7.8%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Manufacturing	636	713	94	100	13.3%	14.0%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Construction	242	271	46	47	17.1%	17.5%
15	Rhode Island	Total	1,600	482	74	82	15.4%	16.9%
15	Rhode Island	Public	228	67	41	43	61.1%	63.8%
15	Rhode Island	Private	1,372	415	33	39	8.1%	9.3%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Manufacturing	187	55	3	4	6.1%	6.7%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Construction	63	19	3	3	17.2%	17.2%
57	South Carolina	Total	2,449	1,981	32	52	1.6%	2.6%
57	South Carolina	Public	419	327	19	26	5.8%	8.0%
57	South Carolina	Private	2,030	1,654	13	26	0.8%	1.5%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	343	277	2	6	0.8%	2.2%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Construction	128	106	0	1	0.0%	0.8%
45	South Dakota	Total	1,970	378	20	26	5.2%	7.0%
45	South Dakota	Public	328	62	12	15	18.6%	24.6%
45	South Dakota	Private	1,642	316	8	11	2.5%	3.5%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	271	53	4	4	7.3%	8.1%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Construction	90	18	0	0	0.9%	0.9%
62	Tennessee	Total	3,036	2,743	157	174	5.7%	6.3%
62	Tennessee	Public	425	377	56	63	15.0%	16.6%
62	Tennessee	Private	2,611	2,366	101	111	4.3%	4.7%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Manufacturing	410	361	30	32	8.4%	8.8%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Construction	157	142	14	14	10.1%	10.1%
74	Texas	Total	9,216	11,457	462	606	4.0%	5.3%
74	Texas	Public	1,379	1,671	253	310	15.1%	18.5%
74	Texas	Private	7,837	9,786	209	296	2.1%	3.0%
74	Texas	Priv. Manufacturing	789	985	24	37	2.5%	3.8%
74	Texas	Priv. Construction	722	932	19	23	2.1%	2.5%
87	Utah	Total	2,679	1,320	62	79	4.7%	6.0%
87	Utah	Public	425	204	36	44	17.4%	21.6%
87	Utah	Private	2,254	1,115	26	35	2.4%	3.1%
87	Utah	Priv. Manufacturing	349	174	5	7	2.6%	4.2%
87	Utah	Priv. Construction	174	87	3	3	3.5%	3.5%
13	Vermont	Total	2,356	290	33	37	11.5%	12.8%
13	Vermont	Public	362	43	20	22	45.7%	50.6%
13	Vermont	Private	1,994	247	14	16	5.5%	6.3%
13	Vermont	Priv. Manufacturing	296	37	2	2	4.3%	4.8%
13	Vermont	Priv. Construction	96	12	1	1	5.7%	6.7%
54	Virginia	Total	3,156	3,748	160	226	4.3%	6.0%
54	Virginia	Public	686	781	80	113	10.2%	14.5%
54	Virginia	Private	2,470	2,968	80	114	2.7%	3.8%
54	Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	222	262	16	21	6.1%	8.1%
54	Virginia	Priv. Construction	167	203	11	16	5.5%	7.8%
91	Washington	Total	2,881	3,090	538	576	17.4%	18.6%
91	Washington	Public	499	518	280	296	54.0%	57.1%
91	Washington	Private	2,382	2,573	259	281	10.0%	10.9%
91	Washington	Priv. Manufacturing	320	342	74	78	21.6%	22.8%
91	Washington	Priv. Construction	148	158	29	30	18.3%	19.0%
55	West Virginia	Total	3,084	668	79	88	11.8%	13.2%
55	West Virginia	Public	658	138	32	37	22.8%	26.7%
55	West Virginia	Private	2,426	529	47	51	8.9%	9.6%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	361	79	13	13	15.9%	16.4%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Construction	130	29	5	6	18.0%	19.8%
35	Wisconsin	Total	2,533	2,695	218	243	8.1%	9.0%
35	Wisconsin	Public	385	403	91	106	22.7%	26.3%
35	Wisconsin	Private	2,148	2,292	127	137	5.5%	6.0%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Manufacturing	466	486	54	56	11.0%	11.5%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Construction	114	113	31	34	27.7%	29.9%
83	Wyoming	Total	2,476	248	16	18	6.3%	7.3%
83	Wyoming	Public	656	65	7	8	10.7%	12.6%
83	Wyoming	Private	1,820	183	9	10	4.7%	5.4%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Manufacturing	107	11	0	1	4.5%	6.5%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Construction	174	19	1	1	4.3%	4.3%
Copyright 2024 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.