Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by State: 2008
State Census Code	State	Sector	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
63	Alabama	Total	1,737	1,858	181	199	9.8%	10.7%
63	Alabama	Public	340	354	105	119	29.8%	33.6%
63	Alabama	Private	1,397	1,504	76	81	5.1%	5.4%
63	Alabama	Priv. Manufacturing	259	269	27	28	10.0%	10.4%
63	Alabama	Priv. Construction	103	117	8	8	7.3%	7.3%
94	Alaska	Total	2,322	289	68	71	23.5%	24.7%
94	Alaska	Public	665	80	44	46	55.6%	58.1%
94	Alaska	Private	1,657	209	23	25	11.2%	11.9%
94	Alaska	Priv. Manufacturing	51	7	1	1	12.0%	12.0%
94	Alaska	Priv. Construction	157	21	7	7	34.7%	35.4%
86	Arizona	Total	2,024	2,579	227	254	8.8%	9.8%
86	Arizona	Public	298	381	73	90	19.2%	23.5%
86	Arizona	Private	1,726	2,198	154	164	7.0%	7.5%
86	Arizona	Priv. Manufacturing	204	259	11	12	4.3%	4.8%
86	Arizona	Priv. Construction	166	210	24	24	11.5%	11.5%
71	Arkansas	Total	1,760	1,158	68	85	5.9%	7.3%
71	Arkansas	Public	324	209	33	45	16.0%	21.6%
71	Arkansas	Private	1,436	950	35	40	3.6%	4.2%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Manufacturing	294	190	17	18	8.7%	9.3%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Construction	97	66	1	1	1.9%	1.9%
93	California	Total	13,917	14,889	2,740	2,909	18.4%	19.5%
93	California	Public	2,330	2,455	1,406	1,492	57.3%	60.8%
93	California	Private	11,587	12,434	1,334	1,418	10.7%	11.4%
93	California	Priv. Manufacturing	1,638	1,751	164	175	9.4%	10.0%
93	California	Priv. Construction	830	924	187	196	20.2%	21.3%
84	Colorado	Total	3,818	2,254	181	208	8.0%	9.2%
84	Colorado	Public	604	349	77	92	22.0%	26.4%
84	Colorado	Private	3,214	1,905	104	116	5.5%	6.1%
84	Colorado	Priv. Manufacturing	328	190	20	24	10.7%	12.4%
84	Colorado	Priv. Construction	271	166	16	16	9.6%	9.6%
16	Connecticut	Total	4,101	1,625	275	291	16.9%	17.9%
16	Connecticut	Public	654	256	161	166	63.0%	64.7%
16	Connecticut	Private	3,447	1,369	114	125	8.3%	9.2%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Manufacturing	543	216	17	20	8.0%	9.1%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Construction	197	79	17	17	21.4%	21.4%
51	Delaware	Total	2,763	391	52	57	13.4%	14.7%
51	Delaware	Public	471	66	26	29	38.7%	43.1%
51	Delaware	Private	2,292	325	27	29	8.2%	8.9%
51	Delaware	Priv. Manufacturing	285	40	6	6	15.7%	15.7%
51	Delaware	Priv. Construction	168	24	3	3	11.9%	12.3%
53	District of Columbia	Total	2,600	288	35	41	12.2%	14.3%
53	District of Columbia	Public	734	80	17	20	21.1%	24.8%
53	District of Columbia	Private	1,866	208	18	21	8.8%	10.2%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Manufacturing	36	4	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Construction	86	9	1	1	7.9%	7.9%
59	Florida	Total	6,652	7,573	482	601	6.4%	7.9%
59	Florida	Public	1,062	1,202	336	408	28.0%	33.9%
59	Florida	Private	5,590	6,371	146	193	2.3%	3.0%
59	Florida	Priv. Manufacturing	390	451	12	16	2.6%	3.5%
59	Florida	Priv. Construction	443	520	19	22	3.7%	4.1%
58	Georgia	Total	3,602	4,084	151	189	3.7%	4.6%
58	Georgia	Public	638	712	62	82	8.7%	11.5%
58	Georgia	Private	2,964	3,372	89	107	2.6%	3.2%
58	Georgia	Priv. Manufacturing	409	463	18	21	3.8%	4.5%
58	Georgia	Priv. Construction	226	260	15	15	5.6%	5.6%
95	Hawaii	Total	2,677	562	136	143	24.3%	25.5%
95	Hawaii	Public	549	117	63	67	54.3%	57.2%
95	Hawaii	Private	2,128	445	73	76	16.4%	17.1%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Manufacturing	64	13	3	4	25.0%	26.5%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Construction	181	39	15	16	38.6%	40.2%
82	Idaho	Total	1,842	602	42	48	7.1%	8.0%
82	Idaho	Public	358	114	19	22	16.7%	19.5%
82	Idaho	Private	1,484	488	23	26	4.8%	5.3%
82	Idaho	Priv. Manufacturing	218	72	5	6	7.2%	8.0%
82	Idaho	Priv. Construction	110	37	3	3	7.7%	8.5%
33	Illinois	Total	5,441	5,662	939	993	16.6%	17.5%
33	Illinois	Public	789	806	406	426	50.3%	52.8%
33	Illinois	Private	4,652	4,856	533	568	11.0%	11.7%
33	Illinois	Priv. Manufacturing	709	738	116	121	15.7%	16.3%
33	Illinois	Priv. Construction	281	305	131	132	43.0%	43.4%
32	Indiana	Total	2,794	2,811	349	386	12.4%	13.7%
32	Indiana	Public	377	373	102	122	27.4%	32.6%
32	Indiana	Private	2,417	2,439	247	264	10.1%	10.8%
32	Indiana	Priv. Manufacturing	565	570	106	109	18.7%	19.2%
32	Indiana	Priv. Construction	143	149	45	46	30.3%	31.1%
42	Iowa	Total	3,683	1,437	153	187	10.6%	13.0%
42	Iowa	Public	607	236	74	94	31.3%	40.0%
42	Iowa	Private	3,076	1,202	79	92	6.6%	7.7%
42	Iowa	Priv. Manufacturing	672	263	43	48	16.4%	18.3%
42	Iowa	Priv. Construction	157	61	9	10	15.5%	16.0%
47	Kansas	Total	2,667	1,273	89	111	7.0%	8.7%
47	Kansas	Public	500	233	39	54	16.6%	22.9%
47	Kansas	Private	2,167	1,040	51	57	4.9%	5.5%
47	Kansas	Priv. Manufacturing	371	176	27	29	15.2%	16.6%
47	Kansas	Priv. Construction	110	54	10	10	18.7%	18.7%
61	Kentucky	Total	2,411	1,703	146	163	8.6%	9.6%
61	Kentucky	Public	440	307	50	61	16.3%	19.8%
61	Kentucky	Private	1,971	1,396	96	102	6.9%	7.3%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Manufacturing	343	242	21	21	8.7%	8.7%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Construction	122	87	10	10	11.9%	11.9%
72	Louisiana	Total	1,538	1,724	80	97	4.6%	5.6%
72	Louisiana	Public	264	282	37	47	13.3%	16.6%
72	Louisiana	Private	1,274	1,442	43	50	3.0%	3.5%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Manufacturing	134	150	17	17	11.1%	11.1%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Construction	84	96	4	6	4.3%	6.1%
11	Maine	Total	3,212	574	71	84	12.3%	14.7%
11	Maine	Public	561	99	45	54	45.2%	54.2%
11	Maine	Private	2,651	475	26	30	5.5%	6.4%
11	Maine	Priv. Manufacturing	344	61	12	12	19.4%	19.9%
11	Maine	Priv. Construction	143	26	1	1	2.7%	4.7%
52	Maryland	Total	4,470	2,610	329	380	12.6%	14.5%
52	Maryland	Public	1,100	644	199	231	30.9%	35.9%
52	Maryland	Private	3,370	1,965	130	148	6.6%	7.5%
52	Maryland	Priv. Manufacturing	240	139	18	20	13.1%	14.3%
52	Maryland	Priv. Construction	307	176	25	26	14.2%	14.8%
14	Massachusetts	Total	2,767	2,909	458	491	15.7%	16.9%
14	Massachusetts	Public	428	434	265	279	61.0%	64.3%
14	Massachusetts	Private	2,339	2,476	193	213	7.8%	8.6%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Manufacturing	252	267	19	22	7.0%	8.2%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Construction	115	124	25	25	20.0%	20.0%
34	Michigan	Total	3,924	4,089	771	801	18.8%	19.6%
34	Michigan	Public	524	530	304	313	57.3%	59.0%
34	Michigan	Private	3,400	3,559	467	489	13.1%	13.7%
34	Michigan	Priv. Manufacturing	761	797	183	188	22.9%	23.6%
34	Michigan	Priv. Construction	152	159	38	39	24.0%	24.7%
41	Minnesota	Total	4,589	2,430	392	412	16.1%	17.0%
41	Minnesota	Public	684	357	196	206	55.0%	57.9%
41	Minnesota	Private	3,905	2,073	196	206	9.4%	9.9%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Manufacturing	682	358	39	40	11.0%	11.3%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Construction	223	117	32	33	27.3%	28.2%
64	Mississippi	Total	1,436	1,089	57	79	5.3%	7.3%
64	Mississippi	Public	325	239	22	32	9.4%	13.3%
64	Mississippi	Private	1,111	850	35	47	4.1%	5.6%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Manufacturing	232	178	16	21	8.9%	11.6%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Construction	74	57	1	1	2.2%	2.2%
43	Missouri	Total	2,917	2,543	285	327	11.2%	12.8%
43	Missouri	Public	392	339	79	95	23.3%	28.0%
43	Missouri	Private	2,525	2,205	206	232	9.3%	10.5%
43	Missouri	Priv. Manufacturing	424	372	58	64	15.5%	17.2%
43	Missouri	Priv. Construction	170	151	48	50	31.6%	33.2%
81	Montana	Total	1,594	389	47	61	12.2%	15.7%
81	Montana	Public	312	75	29	34	38.5%	45.6%
81	Montana	Private	1,282	314	18	27	5.9%	8.5%
81	Montana	Priv. Manufacturing	63	15	2	2	12.8%	14.0%
81	Montana	Priv. Construction	125	32	4	4	11.9%	14.1%
46	Nebraska	Total	2,932	840	70	90	8.3%	10.7%
46	Nebraska	Public	533	150	41	54	27.3%	36.4%
46	Nebraska	Private	2,399	690	29	36	4.2%	5.2%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Manufacturing	379	109	8	10	7.3%	9.0%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Construction	143	42	5	5	11.2%	11.2%
88	Nevada	Total	2,778	1,192	199	217	16.7%	18.2%
88	Nevada	Public	360	149	54	63	36.5%	42.7%
88	Nevada	Private	2,418	1,044	145	153	13.9%	14.7%
88	Nevada	Priv. Manufacturing	105	43	3	4	7.1%	9.0%
88	Nevada	Priv. Construction	262	119	40	40	34.0%	34.0%
12	New Hampshire	Total	4,209	635	67	79	10.6%	12.4%
12	New Hampshire	Public	639	95	45	52	47.8%	54.5%
12	New Hampshire	Private	3,570	540	22	27	4.0%	5.0%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Manufacturing	615	92	3	4	2.9%	4.0%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Construction	196	30	3	3	8.7%	10.9%
22	New Jersey	Total	3,754	3,843	703	731	18.3%	19.0%
22	New Jersey	Public	582	591	367	372	62.1%	62.9%
22	New Jersey	Private	3,172	3,252	336	359	10.3%	11.0%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Manufacturing	394	395	33	34	8.4%	8.6%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Construction	209	217	49	50	22.8%	23.2%
85	New Mexico	Total	1,503	807	58	94	7.2%	11.6%
85	New Mexico	Public	411	211	34	61	16.0%	28.9%
85	New Mexico	Private	1,092	596	24	33	4.1%	5.5%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Manufacturing	83	44	1	1	1.2%	1.2%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Construction	108	60	5	7	8.7%	11.7%
21	New York	Total	7,237	8,165	2,029	2,170	24.9%	26.6%
21	New York	Public	1,375	1,525	1,075	1,111	70.5%	72.9%
21	New York	Private	5,862	6,640	955	1,059	14.4%	15.9%
21	New York	Priv. Manufacturing	557	612	97	104	15.9%	17.0%
21	New York	Priv. Construction	360	414	110	118	26.6%	28.4%
56	North Carolina	Total	3,397	3,799	132	189	3.5%	5.0%
56	North Carolina	Public	558	619	68	107	11.0%	17.2%
56	North Carolina	Private	2,839	3,180	64	82	2.0%	2.6%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	431	473	21	29	4.4%	6.0%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Construction	244	277	2	2	0.9%	0.9%
44	North Dakota	Total	2,388	308	19	25	6.1%	8.2%
44	North Dakota	Public	546	71	11	16	16.3%	22.4%
44	North Dakota	Private	1,842	238	7	9	3.1%	3.9%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	183	24	1	2	5.7%	6.8%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Construction	110	15	1	1	7.7%	9.8%
31	Ohio	Total	4,923	5,046	716	783	14.2%	15.5%
31	Ohio	Public	768	785	319	357	40.6%	45.5%
31	Ohio	Private	4,155	4,261	397	426	9.3%	10.0%
31	Ohio	Priv. Manufacturing	817	832	124	131	14.9%	15.8%
31	Ohio	Priv. Construction	203	208	61	64	29.3%	30.6%
73	Oklahoma	Total	2,048	1,529	102	127	6.6%	8.3%
73	Oklahoma	Public	414	306	55	69	18.0%	22.7%
73	Oklahoma	Private	1,634	1,223	47	57	3.8%	4.7%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Manufacturing	180	134	8	12	6.0%	8.7%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Construction	91	70	3	3	5.0%	5.0%
92	Oregon	Total	2,298	1,566	259	272	16.6%	17.4%
92	Oregon	Public	352	233	140	145	59.9%	62.2%
92	Oregon	Private	1,946	1,333	119	127	9.0%	9.5%
92	Oregon	Priv. Manufacturing	318	221	27	30	12.4%	13.5%
92	Oregon	Priv. Construction	132	90	12	12	13.0%	13.0%
23	Pennsylvania	Total	5,580	5,504	847	899	15.4%	16.3%
23	Pennsylvania	Public	678	662	350	374	52.9%	56.6%
23	Pennsylvania	Private	4,902	4,842	497	524	10.3%	10.8%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Manufacturing	795	776	103	107	13.3%	13.8%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Construction	262	256	52	53	20.2%	20.5%
15	Rhode Island	Total	2,973	471	78	82	16.5%	17.4%
15	Rhode Island	Public	443	69	43	45	61.9%	64.6%
15	Rhode Island	Private	2,530	401	35	37	8.7%	9.2%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Manufacturing	395	62	3	4	5.3%	5.8%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Construction	128	21	4	5	21.3%	22.0%
57	South Carolina	Total	2,155	1,792	70	105	3.9%	5.8%
57	South Carolina	Public	388	315	34	53	10.9%	16.7%
57	South Carolina	Private	1,767	1,477	35	52	2.4%	3.5%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	328	270	18	22	6.5%	8.2%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Construction	147	124	1	2	0.7%	1.4%
45	South Dakota	Total	2,814	369	18	24	5.0%	6.4%
45	South Dakota	Public	506	64	11	15	16.6%	23.1%
45	South Dakota	Private	2,308	305	8	9	2.5%	2.9%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	363	46	3	3	5.9%	6.3%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Construction	149	20	1	1	4.5%	4.5%
62	Tennessee	Total	2,200	2,534	139	166	5.5%	6.6%
62	Tennessee	Public	355	405	65	82	16.0%	20.1%
62	Tennessee	Private	1,845	2,129	74	85	3.5%	4.0%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Manufacturing	304	340	27	29	7.8%	8.4%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Construction	143	162	7	9	4.5%	5.3%
74	Texas	Total	8,618	9,991	449	559	4.5%	5.6%
74	Texas	Public	1,409	1,596	239	294	15.0%	18.4%
74	Texas	Private	7,209	8,394	209	265	2.5%	3.2%
74	Texas	Priv. Manufacturing	875	1,035	50	65	4.8%	6.3%
74	Texas	Priv. Construction	618	746	22	23	2.9%	3.1%
87	Utah	Total	2,248	1,178	68	84	5.8%	7.1%
87	Utah	Public	440	226	35	43	15.5%	18.9%
87	Utah	Private	1,808	952	33	41	3.4%	4.3%
87	Utah	Priv. Manufacturing	226	118	2	3	1.8%	2.9%
87	Utah	Priv. Construction	156	86	6	7	7.0%	8.2%
13	Vermont	Total	2,642	284	29	36	10.4%	12.8%
13	Vermont	Public	433	45	18	22	40.2%	48.9%
13	Vermont	Private	2,209	238	11	14	4.7%	6.0%
13	Vermont	Priv. Manufacturing	310	33	2	2	5.1%	7.2%
13	Vermont	Priv. Construction	138	15	1	1	5.1%	5.1%
54	Virginia	Total	3,922	3,597	146	178	4.1%	5.0%
54	Virginia	Public	845	764	71	89	9.3%	11.7%
54	Virginia	Private	3,077	2,833	75	89	2.6%	3.1%
54	Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	299	266	15	18	5.8%	6.8%
54	Virginia	Priv. Construction	252	235	11	11	4.6%	4.6%
91	Washington	Total	3,113	2,912	578	626	19.8%	21.5%
91	Washington	Public	565	522	266	292	51.0%	55.9%
91	Washington	Private	2,548	2,391	312	335	13.0%	14.0%
91	Washington	Priv. Manufacturing	400	373	91	93	24.2%	24.8%
91	Washington	Priv. Construction	221	211	57	59	27.2%	28.0%
55	West Virginia	Total	1,909	736	101	112	13.8%	15.3%
55	West Virginia	Public	407	153	39	44	25.3%	28.5%
55	West Virginia	Private	1,502	583	63	69	10.7%	11.8%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	150	58	10	13	17.9%	21.6%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Construction	112	43	13	13	30.6%	30.6%
35	Wisconsin	Total	3,607	2,642	396	422	15.0%	16.0%
35	Wisconsin	Public	513	369	176	184	47.7%	50.1%
35	Wisconsin	Private	3,094	2,274	220	238	9.7%	10.4%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Manufacturing	700	513	97	101	18.8%	19.7%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Construction	142	106	26	26	24.8%	24.8%
83	Wyoming	Total	2,391	241	19	21	7.7%	8.9%
83	Wyoming	Public	541	53	7	9	13.2%	16.2%
83	Wyoming	Private	1,850	188	12	13	6.2%	6.8%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Manufacturing	90	9	1	1	7.8%	8.6%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Construction	147	16	1	1	5.4%	5.4%
Copyright 2024 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.