Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by State: 2001
State Census Code	State	Sector	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
63	Alabama	Total	2,416	1,827	181	202	9.9%	11.0%
63	Alabama	Public	402	297	81	91	27.2%	30.8%
63	Alabama	Private	2,014	1,530	100	110	6.5%	7.2%
63	Alabama	Priv. Manufacturing	465	354	56	58	15.8%	16.5%
63	Alabama	Priv. Construction	126	98	7	8	7.3%	8.3%
94	Alaska	Total	2,310	269	59	67	22.0%	24.8%
94	Alaska	Public	700	78	35	40	45.8%	51.6%
94	Alaska	Private	1,610	191	24	27	12.3%	13.9%
94	Alaska	Priv. Manufacturing	79	9	1	1	9.5%	10.3%
94	Alaska	Priv. Construction	132	16	4	5	26.7%	29.4%
86	Arizona	Total	2,341	2,059	122	135	5.9%	6.6%
86	Arizona	Public	434	379	66	73	17.5%	19.2%
86	Arizona	Private	1,907	1,680	55	62	3.3%	3.7%
86	Arizona	Priv. Manufacturing	245	218	8	9	3.5%	4.3%
86	Arizona	Priv. Construction	186	159	9	9	5.8%	5.8%
71	Arkansas	Total	1,916	1,025	64	79	6.3%	7.7%
71	Arkansas	Public	356	198	27	32	13.6%	16.0%
71	Arkansas	Private	1,560	827	37	47	4.5%	5.7%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Manufacturing	374	193	18	24	9.1%	12.3%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Construction	80	43	2	2	3.9%	3.9%
93	California	Total	12,677	14,551	2,392	2,614	16.4%	18.0%
93	California	Public	2,012	2,332	1,207	1,340	51.7%	57.4%
93	California	Private	10,665	12,219	1,185	1,274	9.7%	10.4%
93	California	Priv. Manufacturing	1,868	2,097	180	193	8.6%	9.2%
93	California	Priv. Construction	706	832	178	181	21.4%	21.7%
84	Colorado	Total	3,041	1,935	178	204	9.2%	10.5%
84	Colorado	Public	454	288	76	89	26.3%	30.8%
84	Colorado	Private	2,587	1,647	102	115	6.2%	7.0%
84	Colorado	Priv. Manufacturing	362	230	21	22	9.3%	9.7%
84	Colorado	Priv. Construction	202	125	11	11	8.7%	8.7%
16	Connecticut	Total	2,420	1,486	224	234	15.1%	15.8%
16	Connecticut	Public	342	209	115	118	55.1%	56.5%
16	Connecticut	Private	2,078	1,277	109	116	8.5%	9.1%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Manufacturing	398	244	30	31	12.3%	12.6%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Construction	96	59	14	14	24.2%	24.2%
51	Delaware	Total	2,149	371	46	50	12.4%	13.6%
51	Delaware	Public	305	53	20	21	37.9%	40.4%
51	Delaware	Private	1,844	319	26	29	8.2%	9.2%
51	Delaware	Priv. Manufacturing	315	54	9	11	16.8%	20.1%
51	Delaware	Priv. Construction	134	23	3	3	11.6%	12.1%
53	District of Columbia	Total	1,847	242	41	51	16.7%	20.8%
53	District of Columbia	Public	515	68	21	26	30.9%	37.9%
53	District of Columbia	Private	1,332	175	20	25	11.3%	14.2%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Manufacturing	51	7	1	1	8.8%	12.0%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Construction	70	9	2	3	23.3%	28.4%
59	Florida	Total	7,312	6,476	427	554	6.6%	8.6%
59	Florida	Public	1,001	871	232	298	26.6%	34.2%
59	Florida	Private	6,311	5,606	195	257	3.5%	4.6%
59	Florida	Priv. Manufacturing	627	559	21	22	3.7%	4.0%
59	Florida	Priv. Construction	502	442	19	23	4.3%	5.3%
58	Georgia	Total	2,556	3,615	261	300	7.2%	8.3%
58	Georgia	Public	373	519	102	118	19.7%	22.8%
58	Georgia	Private	2,183	3,096	159	181	5.1%	5.9%
58	Georgia	Priv. Manufacturing	415	580	48	54	8.3%	9.3%
58	Georgia	Priv. Construction	150	212	27	27	12.6%	12.6%
95	Hawaii	Total	2,059	509	119	129	23.4%	25.3%
95	Hawaii	Public	400	97	54	58	55.6%	60.1%
95	Hawaii	Private	1,659	412	65	70	15.8%	17.1%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Manufacturing	70	18	2	3	12.5%	14.5%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Construction	106	25	10	11	41.3%	42.0%
82	Idaho	Total	2,361	555	42	48	7.5%	8.6%
82	Idaho	Public	471	105	19	23	17.8%	22.1%
82	Idaho	Private	1,890	450	23	25	5.1%	5.5%
82	Idaho	Priv. Manufacturing	325	75	6	6	7.9%	8.6%
82	Idaho	Priv. Construction	161	39	5	5	13.5%	13.5%
33	Illinois	Total	6,944	5,467	999	1,060	18.3%	19.4%
33	Illinois	Public	903	723	349	370	48.3%	51.2%
33	Illinois	Private	6,041	4,744	650	690	13.7%	14.5%
33	Illinois	Priv. Manufacturing	1,201	961	192	201	20.0%	20.9%
33	Illinois	Priv. Construction	349	277	125	130	45.1%	46.9%
32	Indiana	Total	2,945	2,680	389	412	14.5%	15.4%
32	Indiana	Public	394	353	102	120	28.9%	33.9%
32	Indiana	Private	2,551	2,326	287	292	12.3%	12.6%
32	Indiana	Priv. Manufacturing	720	645	133	133	20.6%	20.7%
32	Indiana	Priv. Construction	156	143	55	55	38.2%	38.2%
42	Iowa	Total	2,852	1,348	179	212	13.3%	15.7%
42	Iowa	Public	462	215	66	86	30.9%	39.8%
42	Iowa	Private	2,390	1,133	113	126	10.0%	11.1%
42	Iowa	Priv. Manufacturing	559	264	60	68	22.7%	25.6%
42	Iowa	Priv. Construction	135	63	16	16	25.0%	25.0%
47	Kansas	Total	2,582	1,168	109	133	9.3%	11.4%
47	Kansas	Public	505	225	34	45	14.9%	19.9%
47	Kansas	Private	2,077	943	75	88	8.0%	9.3%
47	Kansas	Priv. Manufacturing	373	168	33	41	19.4%	24.3%
47	Kansas	Priv. Construction	125	59	11	13	19.4%	21.7%
61	Kentucky	Total	2,187	1,687	192	210	11.4%	12.4%
61	Kentucky	Public	382	289	53	64	18.4%	22.1%
61	Kentucky	Private	1,805	1,397	138	146	9.9%	10.4%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Manufacturing	361	277	58	60	20.9%	21.5%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Construction	99	77	15	16	20.0%	20.8%
72	Louisiana	Total	1,865	1,752	137	178	7.8%	10.2%
72	Louisiana	Public	369	333	69	94	20.7%	28.1%
72	Louisiana	Private	1,496	1,418	68	84	4.8%	6.0%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Manufacturing	178	166	26	32	15.7%	19.2%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Construction	127	117	16	18	13.9%	15.2%
11	Maine	Total	2,389	564	72	82	12.8%	14.6%
11	Maine	Public	386	91	40	47	44.2%	52.2%
11	Maine	Private	2,003	474	32	35	6.8%	7.4%
11	Maine	Priv. Manufacturing	325	75	18	19	24.6%	25.5%
11	Maine	Priv. Construction	150	36	3	3	7.3%	7.3%
52	Maryland	Total	2,590	2,440	335	399	13.7%	16.4%
52	Maryland	Public	626	583	190	237	32.6%	40.7%
52	Maryland	Private	1,964	1,856	144	162	7.8%	8.7%
52	Maryland	Priv. Manufacturing	187	178	34	37	19.4%	20.9%
52	Maryland	Priv. Construction	162	156	25	27	16.1%	17.2%
14	Massachusetts	Total	3,745	2,839	421	452	14.8%	15.9%
14	Massachusetts	Public	535	400	208	222	51.9%	55.5%
14	Massachusetts	Private	3,210	2,438	213	229	8.7%	9.4%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Manufacturing	508	379	32	33	8.5%	8.7%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Construction	191	145	41	42	28.2%	28.8%
34	Michigan	Total	5,490	4,455	973	1,011	21.8%	22.7%
34	Michigan	Public	769	622	350	365	56.2%	58.6%
34	Michigan	Private	4,721	3,832	623	646	16.3%	16.9%
34	Michigan	Priv. Manufacturing	1,276	1,048	306	309	29.2%	29.5%
34	Michigan	Priv. Construction	283	231	66	67	28.6%	29.0%
41	Minnesota	Total	3,175	2,343	417	432	17.8%	18.5%
41	Minnesota	Public	457	324	184	190	57.0%	58.8%
41	Minnesota	Private	2,718	2,019	232	242	11.5%	12.0%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Manufacturing	543	401	51	53	12.6%	13.1%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Construction	165	119	38	38	31.8%	32.2%
64	Mississippi	Total	1,602	1,105	60	98	5.5%	8.8%
64	Mississippi	Public	309	208	14	33	6.6%	15.8%
64	Mississippi	Private	1,293	897	47	65	5.2%	7.2%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Manufacturing	311	217	20	28	9.2%	12.9%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Construction	77	51	5	5	8.9%	8.9%
43	Missouri	Total	2,579	2,566	346	377	13.5%	14.7%
43	Missouri	Public	394	382	91	107	23.9%	28.0%
43	Missouri	Private	2,185	2,184	255	270	11.7%	12.4%
43	Missouri	Priv. Manufacturing	376	364	60	61	16.4%	16.7%
43	Missouri	Priv. Construction	173	174	61	61	35.1%	35.1%
81	Montana	Total	1,934	365	48	55	13.2%	15.0%
81	Montana	Public	418	78	27	30	34.6%	38.3%
81	Montana	Private	1,516	287	21	25	7.3%	8.6%
81	Montana	Priv. Manufacturing	139	26	2	2	7.5%	8.1%
81	Montana	Priv. Construction	98	19	4	4	18.5%	19.6%
46	Nebraska	Total	2,663	755	60	82	8.0%	10.9%
46	Nebraska	Public	447	124	28	39	22.7%	31.6%
46	Nebraska	Private	2,216	631	32	43	5.1%	6.8%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Manufacturing	352	100	12	19	12.0%	19.1%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Construction	112	32	3	3	9.0%	9.6%
88	Nevada	Total	2,873	872	146	158	16.7%	18.1%
88	Nevada	Public	377	113	43	50	38.0%	44.0%
88	Nevada	Private	2,496	759	103	108	13.6%	14.2%
88	Nevada	Priv. Manufacturing	132	39	4	4	9.5%	9.5%
88	Nevada	Priv. Construction	243	74	16	16	21.1%	21.1%
12	New Hampshire	Total	2,639	595	57	63	9.6%	10.6%
12	New Hampshire	Public	343	73	32	36	43.4%	49.7%
12	New Hampshire	Private	2,296	522	25	27	4.8%	5.1%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Manufacturing	526	117	6	6	5.3%	5.4%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Construction	150	33	4	4	12.9%	12.9%
22	New Jersey	Total	4,921	3,638	710	756	19.5%	20.8%
22	New Jersey	Public	709	523	313	324	59.8%	61.9%
22	New Jersey	Private	4,212	3,115	397	433	12.7%	13.9%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Manufacturing	676	497	72	78	14.5%	15.8%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Construction	228	171	60	60	35.0%	35.0%
85	New Mexico	Total	1,988	703	56	67	8.0%	9.5%
85	New Mexico	Public	484	165	28	35	16.7%	21.0%
85	New Mexico	Private	1,504	538	28	32	5.3%	6.0%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Manufacturing	146	53	3	4	5.9%	6.8%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Construction	116	43	3	3	6.7%	6.7%
21	New York	Total	9,352	7,584	2,025	2,099	26.7%	27.7%
21	New York	Public	1,717	1,376	989	1,012	71.9%	73.6%
21	New York	Private	7,635	6,208	1,036	1,088	16.7%	17.5%
21	New York	Priv. Manufacturing	1,102	884	167	172	19.0%	19.5%
21	New York	Priv. Construction	462	380	124	128	32.6%	33.7%
56	North Carolina	Total	3,929	3,389	124	145	3.7%	4.3%
56	North Carolina	Public	595	509	57	69	11.2%	13.6%
56	North Carolina	Private	3,334	2,879	67	76	2.3%	2.6%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	798	688	16	21	2.3%	3.1%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Construction	258	227	5	5	2.4%	2.4%
44	North Dakota	Total	2,482	285	20	23	7.2%	8.2%
44	North Dakota	Public	525	59	11	13	17.8%	21.4%
44	North Dakota	Private	1,957	226	10	11	4.4%	4.7%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	200	22	2	2	9.0%	9.5%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Construction	122	14	2	2	11.3%	12.2%
31	Ohio	Total	6,219	5,076	899	966	17.7%	19.0%
31	Ohio	Public	900	719	361	392	50.2%	54.6%
31	Ohio	Private	5,319	4,357	538	574	12.4%	13.2%
31	Ohio	Priv. Manufacturing	1,155	958	247	255	25.8%	26.6%
31	Ohio	Priv. Construction	288	234	59	61	25.4%	26.0%
73	Oklahoma	Total	2,243	1,378	116	128	8.4%	9.3%
73	Oklahoma	Public	433	261	53	62	20.2%	23.7%
73	Oklahoma	Private	1,810	1,117	63	67	5.7%	6.0%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Manufacturing	345	214	25	26	11.6%	11.9%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Construction	117	74	8	9	11.1%	12.1%
92	Oregon	Total	2,408	1,444	223	241	15.5%	16.7%
92	Oregon	Public	380	225	113	123	50.1%	54.8%
92	Oregon	Private	2,028	1,219	110	117	9.1%	9.6%
92	Oregon	Priv. Manufacturing	395	241	30	30	12.3%	12.6%
92	Oregon	Priv. Construction	122	73	15	15	19.9%	20.8%
23	Pennsylvania	Total	6,741	5,227	893	960	17.1%	18.4%
23	Pennsylvania	Public	879	684	389	428	56.9%	62.5%
23	Pennsylvania	Private	5,862	4,542	503	532	11.1%	11.7%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Manufacturing	1,146	903	180	186	19.9%	20.6%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Construction	318	251	57	60	22.9%	23.9%
15	Rhode Island	Total	2,486	437	74	76	16.8%	17.4%
15	Rhode Island	Public	341	58	38	38	64.9%	66.3%
15	Rhode Island	Private	2,145	379	36	38	9.5%	10.0%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Manufacturing	425	75	7	7	9.4%	9.8%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Construction	97	17	5	5	27.7%	29.5%
57	South Carolina	Total	1,861	1,632	80	99	4.9%	6.1%
57	South Carolina	Public	356	315	35	46	11.2%	14.6%
57	South Carolina	Private	1,505	1,317	44	53	3.4%	4.0%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	346	308	19	20	6.3%	6.6%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Construction	116	104	3	4	3.0%	4.2%
45	South Dakota	Total	2,658	331	19	24	5.8%	7.3%
45	South Dakota	Public	548	64	10	13	15.6%	20.6%
45	South Dakota	Private	2,110	267	9	11	3.5%	4.1%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	294	37	3	3	7.7%	8.0%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Construction	121	15	1	1	7.7%	7.7%
62	Tennessee	Total	2,095	2,377	185	208	7.8%	8.8%
62	Tennessee	Public	318	353	63	80	17.8%	22.7%
62	Tennessee	Private	1,777	2,024	122	128	6.0%	6.3%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Manufacturing	393	442	61	63	13.7%	14.2%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Construction	142	158	18	18	11.2%	11.2%
74	Texas	Total	7,641	8,855	502	598	5.7%	6.8%
74	Texas	Public	1,245	1,420	234	283	16.5%	20.0%
74	Texas	Private	6,396	7,435	268	315	3.6%	4.2%
74	Texas	Priv. Manufacturing	1,002	1,166	95	104	8.2%	8.9%
74	Texas	Priv. Construction	515	580	18	20	3.1%	3.4%
87	Utah	Total	2,435	942	65	73	6.9%	7.8%
87	Utah	Public	438	166	37	42	22.1%	25.0%
87	Utah	Private	1,997	775	28	32	3.6%	4.1%
87	Utah	Priv. Manufacturing	339	130	6	7	4.9%	5.2%
87	Utah	Priv. Construction	179	69	5	5	7.2%	7.7%
13	Vermont	Total	2,213	277	30	34	10.7%	12.3%
13	Vermont	Public	332	41	16	19	39.9%	46.2%
13	Vermont	Private	1,881	236	13	15	5.7%	6.4%
13	Vermont	Priv. Manufacturing	381	47	5	5	11.2%	11.5%
13	Vermont	Priv. Construction	114	15	2	2	11.6%	12.7%
54	Virginia	Total	2,990	3,249	172	216	5.3%	6.6%
54	Virginia	Public	604	649	79	105	12.2%	16.2%
54	Virginia	Private	2,386	2,601	93	110	3.6%	4.2%
54	Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	367	410	36	38	8.7%	9.3%
54	Virginia	Priv. Construction	191	209	11	13	5.3%	6.2%
91	Washington	Total	2,540	2,478	460	497	18.6%	20.0%
91	Washington	Public	422	396	177	198	44.6%	50.0%
91	Washington	Private	2,118	2,082	284	299	13.6%	14.3%
91	Washington	Priv. Manufacturing	317	310	89	90	28.7%	28.9%
91	Washington	Priv. Construction	146	139	36	36	25.8%	25.8%
55	West Virginia	Total	2,208	728	106	116	14.6%	15.9%
55	West Virginia	Public	398	129	33	38	25.7%	29.5%
55	West Virginia	Private	1,810	599	73	78	12.2%	13.0%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	275	91	27	28	29.8%	30.9%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Construction	117	37	9	9	23.3%	23.3%
35	Wisconsin	Total	3,293	2,539	416	446	16.4%	17.6%
35	Wisconsin	Public	432	332	168	180	50.5%	54.1%
35	Wisconsin	Private	2,861	2,207	249	267	11.3%	12.1%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Manufacturing	776	602	120	126	19.8%	20.9%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Construction	194	157	40	42	25.7%	27.0%
83	Wyoming	Total	2,371	218	20	24	9.0%	11.0%
83	Wyoming	Public	595	55	10	12	17.6%	22.7%
83	Wyoming	Private	1,776	164	10	12	6.1%	7.1%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Manufacturing	119	11	1	1	4.8%	6.4%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Construction	139	13	1	1	6.2%	6.8%
Copyright 2024 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.