Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by State: 2000
State Census Code	State	Sector	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
63	Alabama	Total	2,254	1,878	181	198	9.6%	10.5%
63	Alabama	Public	364	302	89	99	29.6%	32.8%
63	Alabama	Private	1,890	1,576	92	99	5.8%	6.3%
63	Alabama	Priv. Manufacturing	442	372	53	55	14.4%	14.8%
63	Alabama	Priv. Construction	118	98	5	5	5.2%	5.2%
94	Alaska	Total	1,929	259	57	64	21.9%	24.8%
94	Alaska	Public	591	77	34	38	43.3%	48.5%
94	Alaska	Private	1,338	182	23	27	12.8%	14.7%
94	Alaska	Priv. Manufacturing	73	9	1	1	11.8%	11.8%
94	Alaska	Priv. Construction	112	15	3	4	20.7%	24.5%
86	Arizona	Total	2,483	2,015	130	148	6.4%	7.3%
86	Arizona	Public	395	324	58	65	18.0%	20.1%
86	Arizona	Private	2,088	1,691	72	83	4.2%	4.9%
86	Arizona	Priv. Manufacturing	291	236	12	12	5.2%	5.2%
86	Arizona	Priv. Construction	196	159	9	12	5.4%	7.3%
71	Arkansas	Total	2,034	1,052	61	71	5.8%	6.7%
71	Arkansas	Public	338	181	26	28	14.6%	15.7%
71	Arkansas	Private	1,696	872	35	43	4.0%	4.9%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Manufacturing	447	227	11	14	4.7%	6.4%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Construction	96	51	5	5	9.1%	9.1%
93	California	Total	13,139	14,359	2,295	2,546	16.0%	17.7%
93	California	Public	1,991	2,217	1,115	1,253	50.3%	56.5%
93	California	Private	11,148	12,141	1,180	1,293	9.7%	10.7%
93	California	Priv. Manufacturing	2,067	2,207	163	182	7.4%	8.2%
93	California	Priv. Construction	670	739	176	184	23.9%	24.8%
84	Colorado	Total	2,419	1,923	173	193	9.0%	10.0%
84	Colorado	Public	374	292	75	90	25.8%	30.8%
84	Colorado	Private	2,045	1,631	98	103	6.0%	6.3%
84	Colorado	Priv. Manufacturing	296	231	31	33	13.5%	14.4%
84	Colorado	Priv. Construction	170	137	9	9	6.8%	6.8%
16	Connecticut	Total	1,756	1,508	246	262	16.3%	17.4%
16	Connecticut	Public	235	195	122	128	62.4%	65.6%
16	Connecticut	Private	1,521	1,313	124	134	9.4%	10.2%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Manufacturing	334	287	44	46	15.4%	16.0%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Construction	66	58	13	13	22.2%	22.2%
51	Delaware	Total	1,788	353	47	52	13.3%	14.6%
51	Delaware	Public	261	52	20	23	38.9%	44.2%
51	Delaware	Private	1,527	302	27	29	8.9%	9.6%
51	Delaware	Priv. Manufacturing	275	54	11	11	19.8%	20.7%
51	Delaware	Priv. Construction	103	21	2	2	9.8%	10.8%
53	District of Columbia	Total	1,614	244	36	40	14.7%	16.5%
53	District of Columbia	Public	457	68	19	21	28.0%	31.2%
53	District of Columbia	Private	1,157	175	17	19	9.5%	10.8%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Manufacturing	44	7	1	1	14.8%	21.1%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Construction	51	8	1	1	18.9%	18.9%
59	Florida	Total	7,495	6,399	434	554	6.8%	8.7%
59	Florida	Public	1,031	879	251	321	28.5%	36.5%
59	Florida	Private	6,464	5,519	183	233	3.3%	4.2%
59	Florida	Priv. Manufacturing	693	596	26	32	4.3%	5.3%
59	Florida	Priv. Construction	506	432	20	23	4.7%	5.3%
58	Georgia	Total	2,706	3,632	228	267	6.3%	7.4%
58	Georgia	Public	402	528	85	108	16.1%	20.4%
58	Georgia	Private	2,304	3,104	143	159	4.6%	5.1%
58	Georgia	Priv. Manufacturing	458	614	58	60	9.5%	9.8%
58	Georgia	Priv. Construction	158	213	19	19	8.8%	8.8%
95	Hawaii	Total	1,586	497	124	129	24.8%	26.0%
95	Hawaii	Public	352	110	68	70	61.7%	63.7%
95	Hawaii	Private	1,234	387	56	59	14.4%	15.2%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Manufacturing	68	21	2	3	11.6%	13.0%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Construction	65	19	6	7	31.0%	35.0%
82	Idaho	Total	2,299	533	41	48	7.6%	9.0%
82	Idaho	Public	438	95	16	21	17.4%	22.2%
82	Idaho	Private	1,861	439	24	27	5.5%	6.2%
82	Idaho	Priv. Manufacturing	362	83	8	8	9.2%	9.9%
82	Idaho	Priv. Construction	162	39	3	3	8.1%	8.8%
33	Illinois	Total	7,176	5,639	1,046	1,101	18.6%	19.5%
33	Illinois	Public	958	763	358	376	46.9%	49.3%
33	Illinois	Private	6,218	4,876	688	724	14.1%	14.9%
33	Illinois	Priv. Manufacturing	1,246	988	201	209	20.3%	21.2%
33	Illinois	Priv. Construction	359	287	132	134	46.0%	46.6%
32	Indiana	Total	2,271	2,687	418	461	15.6%	17.1%
32	Indiana	Public	309	359	113	131	31.5%	36.5%
32	Indiana	Private	1,962	2,328	305	329	13.1%	14.1%
32	Indiana	Priv. Manufacturing	620	732	162	168	22.1%	23.0%
32	Indiana	Priv. Construction	109	130	42	43	32.3%	33.1%
42	Iowa	Total	2,214	1,333	182	215	13.6%	16.1%
42	Iowa	Public	370	220	65	88	29.6%	40.3%
42	Iowa	Private	1,844	1,114	117	127	10.5%	11.4%
42	Iowa	Priv. Manufacturing	436	263	63	67	24.0%	25.3%
42	Iowa	Priv. Construction	119	75	13	13	17.2%	17.2%
47	Kansas	Total	2,225	1,200	109	135	9.0%	11.2%
47	Kansas	Public	431	229	30	44	13.3%	19.2%
47	Kansas	Private	1,794	972	78	91	8.0%	9.3%
47	Kansas	Priv. Manufacturing	344	186	36	43	19.2%	23.3%
47	Kansas	Priv. Construction	125	70	13	13	18.0%	18.0%
61	Kentucky	Total	2,079	1,729	208	235	12.0%	13.6%
61	Kentucky	Public	345	284	63	73	22.0%	25.8%
61	Kentucky	Private	1,734	1,445	145	161	10.1%	11.2%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Manufacturing	342	284	66	68	23.4%	24.0%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Construction	120	101	18	20	17.9%	19.6%
72	Louisiana	Total	1,866	1,711	122	155	7.1%	9.0%
72	Louisiana	Public	342	307	45	66	14.8%	21.5%
72	Louisiana	Private	1,524	1,403	77	89	5.5%	6.3%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Manufacturing	178	162	25	28	15.5%	17.3%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Construction	130	121	15	15	12.0%	12.0%
11	Maine	Total	1,727	556	78	92	14.0%	16.6%
11	Maine	Public	276	87	41	49	46.7%	56.5%
11	Maine	Private	1,451	469	37	43	8.0%	9.2%
11	Maine	Priv. Manufacturing	264	84	19	20	22.6%	24.4%
11	Maine	Priv. Construction	97	33	4	4	11.4%	13.6%
52	Maryland	Total	1,949	2,423	353	406	14.6%	16.7%
52	Maryland	Public	454	568	209	240	36.7%	42.3%
52	Maryland	Private	1,495	1,856	145	165	7.8%	8.9%
52	Maryland	Priv. Manufacturing	173	210	40	43	18.8%	20.6%
52	Maryland	Priv. Construction	118	145	13	16	9.2%	10.8%
14	Massachusetts	Total	3,910	2,841	406	445	14.3%	15.7%
14	Massachusetts	Public	540	382	212	226	55.4%	59.2%
14	Massachusetts	Private	3,370	2,459	195	218	7.9%	8.9%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Manufacturing	572	415	36	40	8.7%	9.6%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Construction	182	136	29	30	21.6%	22.1%
34	Michigan	Total	5,850	4,513	938	985	20.8%	21.8%
34	Michigan	Public	772	597	322	338	53.9%	56.7%
34	Michigan	Private	5,078	3,916	617	647	15.7%	16.5%
34	Michigan	Priv. Manufacturing	1,400	1,079	311	319	28.8%	29.6%
34	Michigan	Priv. Construction	286	223	71	72	31.8%	32.2%
41	Minnesota	Total	2,569	2,307	419	434	18.2%	18.8%
41	Minnesota	Public	373	324	174	177	53.7%	54.5%
41	Minnesota	Private	2,196	1,982	245	257	12.3%	13.0%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Manufacturing	460	408	57	58	13.9%	14.1%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Construction	138	126	41	42	32.5%	33.4%
64	Mississippi	Total	1,706	1,120	68	104	6.0%	9.3%
64	Mississippi	Public	309	195	17	42	9.0%	21.4%
64	Mississippi	Private	1,397	926	50	63	5.4%	6.8%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Manufacturing	349	236	30	34	12.6%	14.5%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Construction	65	42	5	5	11.3%	11.3%
43	Missouri	Total	2,110	2,567	338	365	13.2%	14.2%
43	Missouri	Public	311	377	74	92	19.6%	24.3%
43	Missouri	Private	1,799	2,190	264	274	12.1%	12.5%
43	Missouri	Priv. Manufacturing	311	374	82	83	21.8%	22.2%
43	Missouri	Priv. Construction	128	157	64	64	41.0%	41.0%
81	Montana	Total	2,083	369	51	58	13.9%	15.7%
81	Montana	Public	468	82	28	31	33.8%	38.3%
81	Montana	Private	1,615	287	24	26	8.2%	9.2%
81	Montana	Priv. Manufacturing	178	30	4	5	13.8%	14.9%
81	Montana	Priv. Construction	114	21	2	3	11.0%	12.6%
46	Nebraska	Total	2,335	775	65	89	8.4%	11.5%
46	Nebraska	Public	402	131	35	47	27.2%	36.1%
46	Nebraska	Private	1,933	644	29	42	4.6%	6.5%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Manufacturing	314	103	14	22	13.1%	21.3%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Construction	103	35	2	3	6.2%	7.3%
88	Nevada	Total	2,470	881	151	165	17.1%	18.8%
88	Nevada	Public	332	115	46	54	39.6%	46.8%
88	Nevada	Private	2,138	766	105	112	13.8%	14.6%
88	Nevada	Priv. Manufacturing	109	39	3	3	7.0%	7.0%
88	Nevada	Priv. Construction	224	78	19	19	23.6%	24.7%
12	New Hampshire	Total	1,838	576	60	67	10.4%	11.6%
12	New Hampshire	Public	254	77	29	34	37.4%	44.4%
12	New Hampshire	Private	1,584	499	31	33	6.3%	6.6%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Manufacturing	373	116	8	8	7.1%	7.3%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Construction	96	30	6	6	19.0%	19.0%
22	New Jersey	Total	4,949	3,668	762	801	20.8%	21.8%
22	New Jersey	Public	784	569	355	372	62.4%	65.4%
22	New Jersey	Private	4,165	3,098	407	428	13.1%	13.8%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Manufacturing	654	491	91	93	18.5%	19.1%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Construction	225	164	52	52	31.7%	31.7%
85	New Mexico	Total	2,039	692	56	70	8.1%	10.1%
85	New Mexico	Public	528	179	28	39	15.7%	21.9%
85	New Mexico	Private	1,511	513	28	30	5.5%	5.9%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Manufacturing	113	38	1	1	3.0%	3.8%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Construction	106	37	2	2	5.9%	5.9%
21	New York	Total	9,691	7,683	1,958	2,036	25.5%	26.5%
21	New York	Public	1,800	1,410	995	1,020	70.6%	72.3%
21	New York	Private	7,891	6,273	963	1,016	15.3%	16.2%
21	New York	Priv. Manufacturing	1,144	904	180	187	19.9%	20.7%
21	New York	Priv. Construction	448	360	113	115	31.4%	31.9%
56	North Carolina	Total	4,151	3,404	124	148	3.6%	4.4%
56	North Carolina	Public	622	505	56	64	11.1%	12.7%
56	North Carolina	Private	3,529	2,899	68	84	2.4%	2.9%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	951	784	21	26	2.7%	3.3%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Construction	285	237	5	8	2.3%	3.4%
44	North Dakota	Total	2,096	272	18	21	6.5%	7.8%
44	North Dakota	Public	469	59	10	12	16.4%	20.2%
44	North Dakota	Private	1,627	213	8	9	3.7%	4.3%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	171	22	3	3	12.4%	13.7%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Construction	92	12	1	2	10.7%	12.8%
31	Ohio	Total	6,304	5,071	879	955	17.3%	18.8%
31	Ohio	Public	862	691	339	376	49.0%	54.4%
31	Ohio	Private	5,442	4,381	540	579	12.3%	13.2%
31	Ohio	Priv. Manufacturing	1,280	1,059	258	266	24.3%	25.2%
31	Ohio	Priv. Construction	276	226	60	62	26.7%	27.6%
73	Oklahoma	Total	2,284	1,384	94	108	6.8%	7.8%
73	Oklahoma	Public	452	267	45	56	16.8%	21.0%
73	Oklahoma	Private	1,832	1,117	49	52	4.4%	4.7%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Manufacturing	338	204	24	25	11.6%	12.2%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Construction	112	70	2	3	2.7%	3.7%
92	Oregon	Total	1,951	1,457	234	251	16.1%	17.2%
92	Oregon	Public	284	209	112	119	53.8%	57.0%
92	Oregon	Private	1,667	1,248	122	132	9.8%	10.6%
92	Oregon	Priv. Manufacturing	338	250	28	31	11.3%	12.4%
92	Oregon	Priv. Construction	104	78	18	18	22.5%	22.5%
23	Pennsylvania	Total	6,659	5,149	870	926	16.9%	18.0%
23	Pennsylvania	Public	850	674	369	398	54.7%	59.0%
23	Pennsylvania	Private	5,809	4,475	501	528	11.2%	11.8%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Manufacturing	1,215	953	176	181	18.5%	19.0%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Construction	283	223	52	53	23.4%	23.7%
15	Rhode Island	Total	1,704	438	80	83	18.2%	18.8%
15	Rhode Island	Public	240	62	42	43	68.5%	70.4%
15	Rhode Island	Private	1,464	376	37	39	9.9%	10.4%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Manufacturing	298	76	8	9	10.9%	11.2%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Construction	70	19	4	5	23.2%	24.4%
57	South Carolina	Total	1,754	1,740	70	89	4.0%	5.1%
57	South Carolina	Public	312	311	31	40	10.0%	13.0%
57	South Carolina	Private	1,442	1,429	39	48	2.8%	3.4%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	392	385	18	19	4.6%	5.0%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Construction	108	113	2	4	2.1%	3.9%
45	South Dakota	Total	2,252	329	18	22	5.5%	6.7%
45	South Dakota	Public	463	62	11	15	18.5%	23.6%
45	South Dakota	Private	1,789	267	7	8	2.5%	2.8%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	283	43	2	2	5.2%	5.6%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Construction	106	16	1	1	6.6%	6.6%
62	Tennessee	Total	2,112	2,387	212	239	8.9%	10.0%
62	Tennessee	Public	316	350	75	91	21.4%	25.9%
62	Tennessee	Private	1,796	2,036	137	148	6.7%	7.3%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Manufacturing	414	463	55	60	11.9%	12.9%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Construction	116	135	19	19	14.1%	14.1%
74	Texas	Total	8,009	8,755	505	645	5.8%	7.4%
74	Texas	Public	1,292	1,384	225	300	16.3%	21.6%
74	Texas	Private	6,717	7,370	280	346	3.8%	4.7%
74	Texas	Priv. Manufacturing	1,106	1,201	103	118	8.5%	9.8%
74	Texas	Priv. Construction	517	560	22	28	4.0%	5.0%
87	Utah	Total	2,318	945	69	85	7.3%	9.0%
87	Utah	Public	398	157	34	41	21.6%	26.2%
87	Utah	Private	1,920	787	35	44	4.5%	5.5%
87	Utah	Priv. Manufacturing	314	128	7	8	5.8%	6.3%
87	Utah	Priv. Construction	157	64	6	6	8.7%	9.4%
13	Vermont	Total	1,634	274	28	34	10.3%	12.4%
13	Vermont	Public	254	41	16	20	39.5%	48.0%
13	Vermont	Private	1,380	232	12	14	5.1%	6.1%
13	Vermont	Priv. Manufacturing	288	49	4	5	8.4%	9.8%
13	Vermont	Priv. Construction	70	12	1	1	11.5%	11.5%
54	Virginia	Total	2,657	3,199	179	227	5.6%	7.1%
54	Virginia	Public	546	646	79	104	12.2%	16.1%
54	Virginia	Private	2,111	2,553	100	123	3.9%	4.8%
54	Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	328	395	41	43	10.5%	10.8%
54	Virginia	Priv. Construction	162	200	6	10	3.1%	4.8%
91	Washington	Total	2,112	2,593	471	516	18.2%	19.9%
91	Washington	Public	378	457	220	243	48.1%	53.1%
91	Washington	Private	1,734	2,135	251	273	11.8%	12.8%
91	Washington	Priv. Manufacturing	266	324	75	80	23.0%	24.5%
91	Washington	Priv. Construction	141	176	34	35	19.1%	19.7%
55	West Virginia	Total	1,937	718	103	111	14.3%	15.5%
55	West Virginia	Public	365	131	30	35	23.2%	26.7%
55	West Virginia	Private	1,572	587	72	76	12.4%	13.0%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	254	96	33	34	34.8%	35.2%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Construction	90	33	6	6	17.5%	18.6%
35	Wisconsin	Total	2,489	2,533	446	473	17.6%	18.7%
35	Wisconsin	Public	343	341	189	202	55.4%	59.2%
35	Wisconsin	Private	2,146	2,192	257	272	11.7%	12.4%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Manufacturing	629	639	126	130	19.7%	20.4%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Construction	112	116	52	52	44.5%	45.3%
83	Wyoming	Total	2,144	216	18	22	8.3%	10.0%
83	Wyoming	Public	539	54	9	11	16.8%	20.2%
83	Wyoming	Private	1,605	162	9	11	5.5%	6.6%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Manufacturing	99	10	1	1	8.7%	11.2%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Construction	159	16	1	1	6.6%	8.9%
Copyright 2024 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.