Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by State: 1996
State Census Code	State	Sector	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
63	Alabama	Total	1,996	1,762	201	226	11.4%	12.8%
63	Alabama	Public	330	291	79	92	27.1%	31.7%
63	Alabama	Private	1,666	1,470	122	134	8.3%	9.1%
63	Alabama	Priv. Manufacturing	493	435	72	77	16.5%	17.8%
63	Alabama	Priv. Construction	95	87	7	7	8.4%	8.4%
94	Alaska	Total	1,766	243	55	61	22.5%	24.9%
94	Alaska	Public	592	78	34	37	43.6%	47.6%
94	Alaska	Private	1,174	165	21	23	12.4%	14.1%
94	Alaska	Priv. Manufacturing	65	9	1	1	7.2%	9.7%
94	Alaska	Priv. Construction	92	13	4	4	32.0%	32.9%
86	Arizona	Total	2,218	1,821	107	136	5.9%	7.5%
86	Arizona	Public	337	276	50	62	18.2%	22.6%
86	Arizona	Private	1,881	1,545	57	74	3.7%	4.8%
86	Arizona	Priv. Manufacturing	290	238	9	13	3.9%	5.6%
86	Arizona	Priv. Construction	151	130	7	8	5.2%	6.4%
71	Arkansas	Total	2,116	1,055	74	88	7.1%	8.4%
71	Arkansas	Public	357	173	24	30	13.7%	17.4%
71	Arkansas	Private	1,759	882	51	58	5.7%	6.6%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Manufacturing	485	248	31	36	12.5%	14.7%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Construction	86	44	2	2	4.0%	4.0%
93	California	Total	11,704	12,461	2,061	2,340	16.5%	18.8%
93	California	Public	1,784	1,916	964	1,113	50.3%	58.1%
93	California	Private	9,920	10,545	1,096	1,227	10.4%	11.6%
93	California	Priv. Manufacturing	2,066	2,174	201	227	9.2%	10.4%
93	California	Priv. Construction	458	507	102	107	20.2%	21.1%
84	Colorado	Total	2,249	1,722	167	185	9.7%	10.8%
84	Colorado	Public	338	253	64	74	25.2%	29.5%
84	Colorado	Private	1,911	1,469	104	111	7.0%	7.5%
84	Colorado	Priv. Manufacturing	310	240	23	25	9.4%	10.4%
84	Colorado	Priv. Construction	144	113	11	11	9.4%	9.4%
16	Connecticut	Total	1,607	1,454	239	250	16.5%	17.2%
16	Connecticut	Public	207	184	120	124	65.4%	67.4%
16	Connecticut	Private	1,400	1,270	119	127	9.4%	10.0%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Manufacturing	304	274	29	30	10.6%	10.9%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Construction	65	59	15	15	25.7%	25.7%
51	Delaware	Total	1,632	323	40	45	12.4%	14.0%
51	Delaware	Public	243	47	17	20	35.6%	41.9%
51	Delaware	Private	1,389	276	23	25	8.4%	9.2%
51	Delaware	Priv. Manufacturing	277	55	9	9	16.2%	16.6%
51	Delaware	Priv. Construction	59	12	1	2	12.8%	14.5%
53	District of Columbia	Total	1,515	230	39	45	17.2%	19.4%
53	District of Columbia	Public	532	80	23	26	28.9%	32.6%
53	District of Columbia	Private	983	150	16	18	10.9%	12.3%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Manufacturing	44	7	1	1	14.9%	14.9%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Construction	34	6	2	2	38.4%	38.4%
59	Florida	Total	6,652	5,763	430	568	7.5%	9.9%
59	Florida	Public	1,057	908	246	329	27.1%	36.2%
59	Florida	Private	5,595	4,855	184	240	3.8%	4.9%
59	Florida	Priv. Manufacturing	580	508	41	46	8.0%	9.1%
59	Florida	Priv. Construction	399	351	19	21	5.4%	6.0%
58	Georgia	Total	2,627	3,150	242	286	7.7%	9.1%
58	Georgia	Public	425	506	83	102	16.4%	20.2%
58	Georgia	Private	2,202	2,644	159	183	6.0%	6.9%
58	Georgia	Priv. Manufacturing	511	614	54	61	8.7%	9.9%
58	Georgia	Priv. Construction	108	135	18	18	13.3%	13.3%
95	Hawaii	Total	1,597	483	112	118	23.2%	24.5%
95	Hawaii	Public	331	99	51	54	51.1%	54.3%
95	Hawaii	Private	1,266	384	61	65	16.0%	16.8%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Manufacturing	56	17	3	3	18.8%	18.8%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Construction	90	27	12	12	44.2%	44.2%
82	Idaho	Total	2,160	489	43	52	8.7%	10.7%
82	Idaho	Public	463	99	19	24	18.9%	24.8%
82	Idaho	Private	1,697	391	24	28	6.1%	7.1%
82	Idaho	Priv. Manufacturing	365	83	9	11	11.2%	12.6%
82	Idaho	Priv. Construction	127	30	3	4	11.3%	11.9%
33	Illinois	Total	6,726	5,224	1,043	1,125	20.0%	21.5%
33	Illinois	Public	892	698	348	381	49.8%	54.6%
33	Illinois	Private	5,834	4,526	695	744	15.4%	16.4%
33	Illinois	Priv. Manufacturing	1,331	1,055	249	258	23.6%	24.5%
33	Illinois	Priv. Construction	300	234	97	99	41.5%	42.4%
32	Indiana	Total	2,204	2,652	395	428	14.9%	16.1%
32	Indiana	Public	265	318	73	96	22.8%	30.1%
32	Indiana	Private	1,939	2,334	323	332	13.8%	14.2%
32	Indiana	Priv. Manufacturing	569	684	202	208	29.6%	30.4%
32	Indiana	Priv. Construction	109	135	28	28	20.6%	20.6%
42	Iowa	Total	2,192	1,293	169	203	13.0%	15.7%
42	Iowa	Public	348	203	73	96	35.9%	47.4%
42	Iowa	Private	1,844	1,091	96	107	8.8%	9.8%
42	Iowa	Priv. Manufacturing	404	240	52	55	21.5%	23.0%
42	Iowa	Priv. Construction	93	56	16	16	28.2%	29.1%
47	Kansas	Total	2,098	1,098	106	135	9.6%	12.3%
47	Kansas	Public	414	212	35	51	16.5%	24.2%
47	Kansas	Private	1,684	886	71	84	8.0%	9.4%
47	Kansas	Priv. Manufacturing	325	171	34	39	20.0%	22.8%
47	Kansas	Priv. Construction	93	50	8	9	15.9%	18.8%
61	Kentucky	Total	1,879	1,562	199	221	12.7%	14.1%
61	Kentucky	Public	338	282	54	72	19.2%	25.3%
61	Kentucky	Private	1,541	1,280	145	149	11.3%	11.6%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Manufacturing	344	293	66	67	22.6%	22.9%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Construction	84	69	10	10	14.2%	15.2%
72	Louisiana	Total	1,866	1,653	133	165	8.1%	10.0%
72	Louisiana	Public	359	314	52	73	16.7%	23.3%
72	Louisiana	Private	1,507	1,340	81	92	6.1%	6.8%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Manufacturing	185	167	32	33	19.0%	19.5%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Construction	112	102	13	14	12.4%	13.6%
11	Maine	Total	1,675	535	77	88	14.5%	16.4%
11	Maine	Public	254	80	36	44	45.0%	54.5%
11	Maine	Private	1,421	455	41	44	9.1%	9.7%
11	Maine	Priv. Manufacturing	322	104	24	26	23.6%	24.7%
11	Maine	Priv. Construction	86	28	1	1	2.9%	2.9%
52	Maryland	Total	2,000	2,392	354	415	14.8%	17.4%
52	Maryland	Public	524	626	209	257	33.4%	41.0%
52	Maryland	Private	1,476	1,766	144	159	8.2%	9.0%
52	Maryland	Priv. Manufacturing	175	204	45	47	22.0%	23.1%
52	Maryland	Priv. Construction	97	115	13	14	11.5%	12.2%
14	Massachusetts	Total	3,760	2,703	415	455	15.4%	16.8%
14	Massachusetts	Public	494	349	203	215	58.1%	61.5%
14	Massachusetts	Private	3,266	2,354	212	240	9.0%	10.2%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Manufacturing	688	495	50	57	10.2%	11.5%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Construction	155	113	33	33	29.6%	29.6%
34	Michigan	Total	5,553	4,106	983	1,042	24.0%	25.4%
34	Michigan	Public	735	541	333	345	61.5%	63.7%
34	Michigan	Private	4,818	3,564	651	697	18.3%	19.6%
34	Michigan	Priv. Manufacturing	1,510	1,128	394	404	34.9%	35.8%
34	Michigan	Priv. Construction	220	165	42	42	25.6%	25.6%
41	Minnesota	Total	2,392	2,160	437	458	20.3%	21.2%
41	Minnesota	Public	378	336	202	211	60.0%	62.9%
41	Minnesota	Private	2,014	1,824	236	247	12.9%	13.5%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Manufacturing	425	383	65	68	17.0%	17.7%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Construction	110	97	39	39	39.9%	39.9%
64	Mississippi	Total	1,804	1,064	62	86	5.8%	8.1%
64	Mississippi	Public	333	196	18	31	9.3%	15.7%
64	Mississippi	Private	1,471	868	44	56	5.1%	6.4%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Manufacturing	429	260	28	30	10.7%	11.7%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Construction	89	54	2	3	4.2%	5.2%
43	Missouri	Total	2,007	2,440	375	409	15.4%	16.8%
43	Missouri	Public	352	428	104	125	24.4%	29.1%
43	Missouri	Private	1,655	2,012	271	284	13.5%	14.1%
43	Missouri	Priv. Manufacturing	333	402	105	109	26.2%	27.0%
43	Missouri	Priv. Construction	107	131	41	41	31.0%	31.0%
81	Montana	Total	1,985	335	52	57	15.6%	16.9%
81	Montana	Public	432	72	28	31	39.0%	42.7%
81	Montana	Private	1,553	263	24	26	9.1%	9.9%
81	Montana	Priv. Manufacturing	153	25	4	4	13.9%	13.9%
81	Montana	Priv. Construction	105	18	5	5	28.9%	28.9%
46	Nebraska	Total	2,164	732	63	90	8.6%	12.4%
46	Nebraska	Public	383	126	32	49	25.3%	38.5%
46	Nebraska	Private	1,781	605	31	42	5.1%	6.9%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Manufacturing	283	97	10	16	10.6%	16.6%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Construction	94	32	4	4	12.3%	12.3%
88	Nevada	Total	1,867	723	147	176	20.4%	24.3%
88	Nevada	Public	251	93	48	57	51.2%	61.6%
88	Nevada	Private	1,616	630	100	118	15.8%	18.8%
88	Nevada	Priv. Manufacturing	113	45	4	6	9.6%	14.4%
88	Nevada	Priv. Construction	149	61	16	17	26.3%	27.5%
12	New Hampshire	Total	1,583	514	57	65	11.2%	12.6%
12	New Hampshire	Public	240	76	37	42	47.9%	55.2%
12	New Hampshire	Private	1,343	438	21	23	4.8%	5.2%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Manufacturing	381	126	6	7	4.9%	5.4%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Construction	61	20	3	3	13.0%	13.0%
22	New Jersey	Total	4,877	3,517	768	832	21.8%	23.7%
22	New Jersey	Public	730	519	317	338	61.1%	65.0%
22	New Jersey	Private	4,147	2,998	451	495	15.0%	16.5%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Manufacturing	786	565	116	125	20.6%	22.1%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Construction	185	136	52	54	38.2%	39.7%
85	New Mexico	Total	1,903	624	53	67	8.4%	10.8%
85	New Mexico	Public	499	161	28	38	17.5%	23.5%
85	New Mexico	Private	1,404	463	24	29	5.3%	6.4%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Manufacturing	122	39	3	3	8.9%	8.9%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Construction	146	51	2	2	3.5%	4.2%
21	New York	Total	9,318	7,239	1,942	2,042	26.8%	28.2%
21	New York	Public	1,795	1,378	1,006	1,043	73.0%	75.7%
21	New York	Private	7,523	5,862	936	999	16.0%	17.0%
21	New York	Priv. Manufacturing	1,306	1,010	198	210	19.6%	20.8%
21	New York	Priv. Construction	342	269	105	109	39.0%	40.6%
56	North Carolina	Total	4,189	3,239	134	161	4.1%	5.0%
56	North Carolina	Public	624	485	61	79	12.6%	16.4%
56	North Carolina	Private	3,565	2,754	73	82	2.6%	3.0%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	1,099	861	22	23	2.5%	2.7%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Construction	233	190	6	6	3.1%	3.1%
44	North Dakota	Total	2,019	267	24	28	9.1%	10.5%
44	North Dakota	Public	394	52	10	13	19.6%	25.2%
44	North Dakota	Private	1,625	215	14	15	6.6%	7.0%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	138	18	3	3	17.8%	17.8%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Construction	81	11	2	2	19.1%	19.1%
31	Ohio	Total	5,920	4,798	933	998	19.5%	20.8%
31	Ohio	Public	852	680	309	339	45.5%	49.9%
31	Ohio	Private	5,068	4,118	624	658	15.1%	16.0%
31	Ohio	Priv. Manufacturing	1,330	1,102	344	351	31.3%	31.9%
31	Ohio	Priv. Construction	254	207	49	49	23.5%	23.9%
73	Oklahoma	Total	2,171	1,303	136	162	10.4%	12.4%
73	Oklahoma	Public	422	252	53	68	21.1%	27.1%
73	Oklahoma	Private	1,749	1,051	82	93	7.8%	8.9%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Manufacturing	300	180	30	32	16.4%	17.7%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Construction	101	61	8	9	13.0%	15.0%
92	Oregon	Total	1,827	1,368	246	267	18.0%	19.5%
92	Oregon	Public	279	204	116	124	57.0%	60.5%
92	Oregon	Private	1,548	1,164	130	143	11.2%	12.3%
92	Oregon	Priv. Manufacturing	332	252	50	51	19.7%	20.3%
92	Oregon	Priv. Construction	106	83	12	14	14.7%	16.6%
23	Pennsylvania	Total	6,605	5,017	886	978	17.7%	19.5%
23	Pennsylvania	Public	860	653	327	371	50.0%	56.8%
23	Pennsylvania	Private	5,745	4,364	559	608	12.8%	13.9%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Manufacturing	1,315	1,018	233	248	22.9%	24.4%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Construction	255	195	53	53	27.3%	27.3%
15	Rhode Island	Total	1,629	424	81	85	19.1%	20.1%
15	Rhode Island	Public	246	62	43	44	70.0%	71.5%
15	Rhode Island	Private	1,383	363	38	41	10.5%	11.4%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Manufacturing	350	92	10	11	11.0%	11.4%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Construction	50	13	2	2	11.6%	11.6%
57	South Carolina	Total	1,656	1,564	58	79	3.7%	5.0%
57	South Carolina	Public	285	264	24	31	9.2%	11.7%
57	South Carolina	Private	1,371	1,300	34	48	2.6%	3.7%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	398	386	17	20	4.3%	5.2%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Construction	107	105	3	4	2.6%	3.8%
45	South Dakota	Total	2,226	312	23	29	7.4%	9.2%
45	South Dakota	Public	446	58	13	17	23.1%	29.1%
45	South Dakota	Private	1,780	254	10	12	3.8%	4.6%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	335	49	5	5	9.7%	11.0%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Construction	96	13	0	0	1.9%	1.9%
62	Tennessee	Total	1,957	2,291	219	254	9.6%	11.1%
62	Tennessee	Public	342	397	77	93	19.4%	23.4%
62	Tennessee	Private	1,615	1,894	142	161	7.5%	8.5%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Manufacturing	441	510	75	79	14.8%	15.5%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Construction	95	111	13	14	11.6%	12.6%
74	Texas	Total	7,438	8,049	528	646	6.6%	8.0%
74	Texas	Public	1,339	1,417	254	329	17.9%	23.2%
74	Texas	Private	6,099	6,632	274	316	4.1%	4.8%
74	Texas	Priv. Manufacturing	1,063	1,157	98	111	8.5%	9.6%
74	Texas	Priv. Construction	385	435	25	31	5.9%	7.2%
87	Utah	Total	2,276	848	71	94	8.4%	11.1%
87	Utah	Public	485	176	43	59	24.6%	33.4%
87	Utah	Private	1,791	671	28	35	4.1%	5.3%
87	Utah	Priv. Manufacturing	336	126	7	8	5.4%	6.4%
87	Utah	Priv. Construction	143	55	4	5	8.0%	9.9%
13	Vermont	Total	1,618	257	25	29	9.7%	11.3%
13	Vermont	Public	243	38	15	18	40.1%	47.0%
13	Vermont	Private	1,375	219	10	11	4.4%	5.1%
13	Vermont	Priv. Manufacturing	304	48	4	4	8.2%	8.5%
13	Vermont	Priv. Construction	65	11	0	0	3.1%	3.1%
54	Virginia	Total	2,472	2,964	201	236	6.8%	8.0%
54	Virginia	Public	505	595	76	96	12.8%	16.2%
54	Virginia	Private	1,967	2,369	125	140	5.3%	5.9%
54	Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	336	408	48	56	11.8%	13.8%
54	Virginia	Priv. Construction	142	173	5	5	2.6%	2.6%
91	Washington	Total	1,958	2,342	464	511	19.8%	21.8%
91	Washington	Public	336	404	185	205	45.8%	50.7%
91	Washington	Private	1,622	1,938	279	306	14.4%	15.8%
91	Washington	Priv. Manufacturing	296	349	101	114	29.0%	32.7%
91	Washington	Priv. Construction	99	116	33	35	28.2%	30.2%
55	West Virginia	Total	1,974	697	110	125	15.7%	17.9%
55	West Virginia	Public	377	133	31	40	23.5%	30.3%
55	West Virginia	Private	1,597	564	78	84	13.9%	15.0%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	244	86	25	26	29.2%	30.4%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Construction	103	37	11	11	29.8%	29.8%
35	Wisconsin	Total	2,579	2,492	470	493	18.8%	19.8%
35	Wisconsin	Public	391	370	199	211	53.7%	57.0%
35	Wisconsin	Private	2,188	2,121	271	282	12.8%	13.3%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Manufacturing	624	605	144	145	23.9%	24.0%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Construction	114	112	36	36	31.8%	31.8%
83	Wyoming	Total	1,984	206	20	24	9.7%	11.6%
83	Wyoming	Public	522	53	8	11	15.9%	20.3%
83	Wyoming	Private	1,462	153	12	13	7.6%	8.5%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Manufacturing	117	12	1	2	12.0%	16.3%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Construction	106	11	0	0	3.7%	3.7%
Copyright 2024 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.