Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by State: 1991
State Census Code	State	Sector	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
63	Alabama	Total	2,205	1,605	213	249	13.3%	15.5%
63	Alabama	Public	431	309	73	93	23.7%	30.2%
63	Alabama	Private	1,774	1,296	140	156	10.8%	12.0%
63	Alabama	Priv. Manufacturing	531	391	94	103	24.0%	26.4%
63	Alabama	Priv. Construction	124	91	11	12	12.0%	13.5%
94	Alaska	Total	2,543	216	46	52	21.3%	23.9%
94	Alaska	Public	767	63	28	31	43.9%	49.6%
94	Alaska	Private	1,776	152	18	20	11.9%	13.2%
94	Alaska	Priv. Manufacturing	100	9	1	2	15.8%	19.7%
94	Alaska	Priv. Construction	127	11	2	3	22.6%	23.4%
86	Arizona	Total	1,710	1,443	111	142	7.7%	9.8%
86	Arizona	Public	304	256	52	71	20.4%	27.5%
86	Arizona	Private	1,406	1,187	59	71	5.0%	6.0%
86	Arizona	Priv. Manufacturing	228	192	10	12	5.3%	6.2%
86	Arizona	Priv. Construction	92	80	8	10	10.1%	12.6%
71	Arkansas	Total	2,202	885	90	111	10.2%	12.5%
71	Arkansas	Public	378	153	27	37	17.4%	24.5%
71	Arkansas	Private	1,824	732	63	73	8.6%	10.0%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Manufacturing	537	218	36	41	16.5%	18.9%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Construction	76	32	3	3	8.0%	9.2%
93	California	Total	14,155	12,116	2,185	2,503	18.0%	20.7%
93	California	Public	2,247	1,929	920	1,095	47.7%	56.8%
93	California	Private	11,908	10,187	1,265	1,407	12.4%	13.8%
93	California	Priv. Manufacturing	2,693	2,259	322	351	14.3%	15.6%
93	California	Priv. Construction	637	578	138	144	23.9%	25.0%
84	Colorado	Total	2,112	1,480	145	174	9.8%	11.7%
84	Colorado	Public	391	269	54	76	20.1%	28.3%
84	Colorado	Private	1,721	1,211	91	98	7.5%	8.1%
84	Colorado	Priv. Manufacturing	297	211	16	17	7.6%	8.2%
84	Colorado	Priv. Construction	82	58	9	9	14.9%	14.9%
16	Connecticut	Total	1,902	1,548	292	310	18.9%	20.0%
16	Connecticut	Public	254	205	141	146	68.7%	71.6%
16	Connecticut	Private	1,648	1,344	151	164	11.3%	12.2%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Manufacturing	463	370	62	70	16.8%	18.8%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Construction	70	57	13	13	22.1%	22.1%
51	Delaware	Total	1,688	305	51	57	16.7%	18.6%
51	Delaware	Public	229	40	16	18	39.2%	44.7%
51	Delaware	Private	1,459	265	35	39	13.3%	14.6%
51	Delaware	Priv. Manufacturing	383	71	20	21	28.0%	29.8%
51	Delaware	Priv. Construction	99	17	4	4	23.0%	24.2%
53	District of Columbia	Total	1,577	267	40	51	15.1%	19.0%
53	District of Columbia	Public	529	90	21	27	23.2%	29.4%
53	District of Columbia	Private	1,048	177	19	24	10.9%	13.7%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Manufacturing	52	9	1	1	6.6%	9.3%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Construction	29	5	1	1	17.6%	22.6%
59	Florida	Total	7,673	5,185	449	621	8.7%	12.0%
59	Florida	Public	1,334	891	270	381	30.3%	42.7%
59	Florida	Private	6,339	4,294	179	241	4.2%	5.6%
59	Florida	Priv. Manufacturing	863	588	39	47	6.6%	8.0%
59	Florida	Priv. Construction	440	303	15	17	4.8%	5.5%
58	Georgia	Total	1,977	2,767	187	244	6.8%	8.8%
58	Georgia	Public	371	516	54	89	10.4%	17.2%
58	Georgia	Private	1,606	2,251	134	155	5.9%	6.9%
58	Georgia	Priv. Manufacturing	406	577	58	65	10.0%	11.2%
58	Georgia	Priv. Construction	78	104	6	6	5.6%	5.6%
95	Hawaii	Total	1,873	493	143	154	29.0%	31.1%
95	Hawaii	Public	445	115	61	65	53.4%	56.7%
95	Hawaii	Private	1,428	378	82	89	21.6%	23.4%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Manufacturing	75	20	8	8	38.2%	38.9%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Construction	138	37	19	20	52.2%	54.7%
82	Idaho	Total	2,177	405	36	43	8.8%	10.7%
82	Idaho	Public	417	78	13	17	17.2%	22.1%
82	Idaho	Private	1,760	327	22	26	6.8%	8.0%
82	Idaho	Priv. Manufacturing	367	68	11	13	16.0%	18.7%
82	Idaho	Priv. Construction	106	20	1	1	4.6%	5.6%
33	Illinois	Total	7,833	4,950	1,035	1,117	20.9%	22.6%
33	Illinois	Public	1,188	740	351	388	47.5%	52.4%
33	Illinois	Private	6,645	4,210	684	729	16.2%	17.3%
33	Illinois	Priv. Manufacturing	1,683	1,071	283	291	26.4%	27.2%
33	Illinois	Priv. Construction	314	203	89	98	43.8%	48.4%
32	Indiana	Total	2,103	2,352	452	490	19.2%	20.8%
32	Indiana	Public	297	326	81	104	24.8%	31.9%
32	Indiana	Private	1,806	2,026	371	386	18.3%	19.0%
32	Indiana	Priv. Manufacturing	624	658	238	242	36.2%	36.8%
32	Indiana	Priv. Construction	86	96	35	35	36.8%	36.8%
42	Iowa	Total	2,445	1,156	158	201	13.7%	17.4%
42	Iowa	Public	460	217	63	92	29.2%	42.2%
42	Iowa	Private	1,985	939	95	110	10.1%	11.7%
42	Iowa	Priv. Manufacturing	475	224	52	61	23.1%	27.0%
42	Iowa	Priv. Construction	110	53	15	16	28.8%	29.8%
47	Kansas	Total	2,335	1,036	124	158	12.0%	15.2%
47	Kansas	Public	475	207	43	60	20.7%	28.7%
47	Kansas	Private	1,860	829	81	98	9.8%	11.8%
47	Kansas	Priv. Manufacturing	423	189	40	53	21.0%	28.1%
47	Kansas	Priv. Construction	105	48	9	9	19.9%	19.9%
61	Kentucky	Total	1,942	1,380	182	206	13.2%	14.9%
61	Kentucky	Public	322	228	42	57	18.5%	25.0%
61	Kentucky	Private	1,620	1,152	140	149	12.2%	12.9%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Manufacturing	374	267	77	80	28.7%	30.0%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Construction	87	62	9	9	14.2%	14.2%
72	Louisiana	Total	1,738	1,549	120	145	7.8%	9.4%
72	Louisiana	Public	343	303	46	57	15.2%	18.9%
72	Louisiana	Private	1,395	1,246	74	88	6.0%	7.1%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Manufacturing	211	192	34	36	17.8%	18.6%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Construction	110	98	16	18	16.2%	18.2%
11	Maine	Total	1,752	489	89	102	18.2%	20.9%
11	Maine	Public	327	90	47	54	52.5%	60.4%
11	Maine	Private	1,425	399	42	48	10.5%	11.9%
11	Maine	Priv. Manufacturing	351	99	25	28	25.5%	28.4%
11	Maine	Priv. Construction	78	22	2	2	9.0%	10.1%
52	Maryland	Total	2,023	2,213	313	372	14.1%	16.8%
52	Maryland	Public	542	597	131	178	22.0%	29.8%
52	Maryland	Private	1,481	1,616	182	195	11.2%	12.0%
52	Maryland	Priv. Manufacturing	211	224	61	66	27.2%	29.4%
52	Maryland	Priv. Construction	113	124	13	13	10.4%	10.4%
14	Massachusetts	Total	7,085	2,557	445	479	17.4%	18.7%
14	Massachusetts	Public	1,036	370	226	237	61.1%	64.0%
14	Massachusetts	Private	6,049	2,187	218	242	10.0%	11.1%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Manufacturing	1,374	493	66	74	13.4%	14.9%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Construction	215	79	19	20	24.2%	25.2%
34	Michigan	Total	7,625	3,766	927	981	24.6%	26.1%
34	Michigan	Public	1,208	587	323	349	54.9%	59.5%
34	Michigan	Private	6,417	3,179	604	632	19.0%	19.9%
34	Michigan	Priv. Manufacturing	2,002	992	343	355	34.6%	35.7%
34	Michigan	Priv. Construction	272	135	46	46	33.6%	34.3%
41	Minnesota	Total	2,141	1,974	422	450	21.4%	22.8%
41	Minnesota	Public	336	306	172	184	56.3%	60.0%
41	Minnesota	Private	1,805	1,668	249	266	14.9%	15.9%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Manufacturing	384	351	70	74	20.0%	21.0%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Construction	73	68	30	31	43.9%	45.2%
64	Mississippi	Total	2,281	982	80	97	8.2%	9.9%
64	Mississippi	Public	451	189	18	27	9.5%	14.5%
64	Mississippi	Private	1,830	793	62	70	7.9%	8.8%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Manufacturing	499	217	42	45	19.3%	20.9%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Construction	85	38	2	2	4.9%	4.9%
43	Missouri	Total	2,023	2,159	304	337	14.1%	15.6%
43	Missouri	Public	296	306	63	80	20.5%	26.2%
43	Missouri	Private	1,727	1,853	242	257	13.0%	13.9%
43	Missouri	Priv. Manufacturing	405	417	80	89	19.1%	21.3%
43	Missouri	Priv. Construction	72	82	30	32	36.7%	38.3%
81	Montana	Total	2,126	292	50	59	17.2%	20.2%
81	Montana	Public	541	74	24	30	32.4%	41.0%
81	Montana	Private	1,585	218	26	29	12.0%	13.1%
81	Montana	Priv. Manufacturing	153	21	6	6	26.5%	28.2%
81	Montana	Priv. Construction	78	11	4	4	31.6%	31.6%
46	Nebraska	Total	2,478	671	72	106	10.7%	15.9%
46	Nebraska	Public	478	128	35	53	27.5%	41.6%
46	Nebraska	Private	2,000	543	37	53	6.7%	9.8%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Manufacturing	368	100	19	24	18.6%	23.6%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Construction	80	22	2	3	7.6%	12.1%
88	Nevada	Total	2,196	587	107	125	18.3%	21.4%
88	Nevada	Public	358	94	37	46	39.7%	48.9%
88	Nevada	Private	1,838	493	70	80	14.2%	16.2%
88	Nevada	Priv. Manufacturing	93	24	2	2	7.5%	7.5%
88	Nevada	Priv. Construction	167	46	8	10	17.5%	21.7%
12	New Hampshire	Total	1,592	506	58	67	11.5%	13.2%
12	New Hampshire	Public	239	73	31	35	41.8%	48.0%
12	New Hampshire	Private	1,353	433	28	32	6.4%	7.3%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Manufacturing	402	127	11	12	9.0%	9.6%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Construction	65	20	1	1	4.3%	4.3%
22	New Jersey	Total	7,949	3,357	815	874	24.3%	26.0%
22	New Jersey	Public	1,319	550	332	355	60.3%	64.5%
22	New Jersey	Private	6,630	2,806	483	519	17.2%	18.5%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Manufacturing	1,487	633	159	170	25.1%	26.9%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Construction	331	140	53	56	38.2%	39.7%
85	New Mexico	Total	1,828	566	50	62	8.8%	11.0%
85	New Mexico	Public	568	172	23	32	13.2%	18.3%
85	New Mexico	Private	1,260	394	27	31	6.9%	7.7%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Manufacturing	130	42	5	6	12.9%	14.2%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Construction	87	28	3	4	12.3%	13.6%
21	New York	Total	12,253	7,188	2,094	2,260	29.1%	31.4%
21	New York	Public	2,500	1,445	1,004	1,061	69.5%	73.4%
21	New York	Private	9,753	5,742	1,090	1,199	19.0%	20.9%
21	New York	Priv. Manufacturing	1,910	1,113	274	291	24.7%	26.1%
21	New York	Priv. Construction	449	271	112	117	41.2%	43.2%
56	North Carolina	Total	7,762	2,925	150	194	5.1%	6.6%
56	North Carolina	Public	1,163	434	62	88	14.3%	20.2%
56	North Carolina	Private	6,599	2,490	88	107	3.5%	4.3%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	2,303	870	42	49	4.8%	5.6%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Construction	365	138	2	3	1.6%	1.9%
44	North Dakota	Total	2,306	242	23	28	9.4%	11.5%
44	North Dakota	Public	560	58	13	16	21.6%	27.5%
44	North Dakota	Private	1,746	183	10	12	5.6%	6.4%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	156	16	3	4	19.6%	21.6%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Construction	71	7	1	1	12.3%	13.8%
31	Ohio	Total	8,226	4,574	941	1,019	20.6%	22.3%
31	Ohio	Public	1,235	680	305	345	44.9%	50.7%
31	Ohio	Private	6,991	3,894	636	674	16.3%	17.3%
31	Ohio	Priv. Manufacturing	2,073	1,152	372	389	32.3%	33.7%
31	Ohio	Priv. Construction	291	164	41	43	25.0%	26.0%
73	Oklahoma	Total	1,916	1,157	118	132	10.2%	11.4%
73	Oklahoma	Public	410	243	64	74	26.1%	30.4%
73	Oklahoma	Private	1,506	914	54	58	5.9%	6.4%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Manufacturing	307	184	28	30	15.5%	16.3%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Construction	73	44	6	6	13.5%	13.5%
92	Oregon	Total	1,872	1,193	225	259	18.8%	21.7%
92	Oregon	Public	309	192	99	118	51.7%	61.2%
92	Oregon	Private	1,563	1,001	126	141	12.6%	14.1%
92	Oregon	Priv. Manufacturing	338	214	37	39	17.3%	18.2%
92	Oregon	Priv. Construction	85	56	19	22	34.0%	38.4%
23	Pennsylvania	Total	7,834	4,848	980	1,072	20.2%	22.1%
23	Pennsylvania	Public	1,090	667	335	380	50.2%	56.9%
23	Pennsylvania	Private	6,744	4,181	645	693	15.4%	16.6%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Manufacturing	1,652	1,022	293	302	28.6%	29.5%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Construction	346	219	65	68	29.7%	30.9%
15	Rhode Island	Total	1,591	417	86	91	20.6%	21.9%
15	Rhode Island	Public	261	69	45	49	65.4%	70.6%
15	Rhode Island	Private	1,330	348	41	43	11.8%	12.2%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Manufacturing	373	97	12	13	12.6%	13.1%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Construction	58	15	4	4	23.5%	23.5%
57	South Carolina	Total	2,552	1,512	78	94	5.2%	6.2%
57	South Carolina	Public	467	271	28	38	10.2%	14.0%
57	South Carolina	Private	2,085	1,241	51	56	4.1%	4.5%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	711	430	28	29	6.4%	6.8%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Construction	125	76	2	2	3.2%	3.2%
45	South Dakota	Total	2,471	264	23	31	8.8%	11.7%
45	South Dakota	Public	523	56	14	19	25.0%	33.8%
45	South Dakota	Private	1,948	207	9	12	4.4%	5.7%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	305	33	3	4	10.4%	13.1%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Construction	86	10	1	1	7.6%	8.7%
62	Tennessee	Total	2,244	2,035	223	262	11.0%	12.9%
62	Tennessee	Public	361	324	76	95	23.6%	29.4%
62	Tennessee	Private	1,883	1,711	147	166	8.6%	9.7%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Manufacturing	588	533	97	111	18.2%	20.9%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Construction	105	97	8	9	8.7%	9.6%
74	Texas	Total	8,270	7,263	466	591	6.4%	8.1%
74	Texas	Public	1,541	1,301	184	247	14.2%	19.0%
74	Texas	Private	6,729	5,961	281	344	4.7%	5.8%
74	Texas	Priv. Manufacturing	1,235	1,111	117	144	10.5%	13.0%
74	Texas	Priv. Construction	438	398	19	20	4.9%	5.1%
87	Utah	Total	2,089	683	63	83	9.3%	12.2%
87	Utah	Public	483	157	34	49	21.7%	30.9%
87	Utah	Private	1,606	526	29	35	5.6%	6.6%
87	Utah	Priv. Manufacturing	360	117	7	8	6.0%	6.8%
87	Utah	Priv. Construction	87	29	2	3	7.6%	9.8%
13	Vermont	Total	1,541	235	27	34	11.6%	14.4%
13	Vermont	Public	268	40	17	21	41.4%	52.3%
13	Vermont	Private	1,273	194	10	13	5.4%	6.6%
13	Vermont	Priv. Manufacturing	281	42	3	4	7.5%	10.1%
13	Vermont	Priv. Construction	67	11	1	1	10.3%	11.5%
54	Virginia	Total	2,902	2,840	246	317	8.7%	11.2%
54	Virginia	Public	657	638	93	137	14.5%	21.5%
54	Virginia	Private	2,245	2,202	153	181	7.0%	8.2%
54	Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	471	453	69	75	15.2%	16.5%
54	Virginia	Priv. Construction	144	148	10	12	6.7%	8.4%
91	Washington	Total	2,154	2,093	477	538	22.8%	25.7%
91	Washington	Public	458	440	203	232	46.1%	52.6%
91	Washington	Private	1,696	1,653	274	306	16.6%	18.5%
91	Washington	Priv. Manufacturing	358	348	102	115	29.4%	33.1%
91	Washington	Priv. Construction	109	102	26	29	25.6%	28.7%
55	West Virginia	Total	1,902	638	123	135	19.3%	21.2%
55	West Virginia	Public	362	119	28	35	23.9%	29.2%
55	West Virginia	Private	1,540	519	94	100	18.2%	19.3%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	286	95	38	39	39.6%	41.5%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Construction	92	32	7	8	22.5%	23.7%
35	Wisconsin	Total	2,845	2,174	453	484	20.8%	22.2%
35	Wisconsin	Public	487	369	186	204	50.4%	55.2%
35	Wisconsin	Private	2,358	1,806	267	280	14.8%	15.5%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Manufacturing	751	574	166	168	28.8%	29.3%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Construction	118	91	34	36	37.5%	39.1%
83	Wyoming	Total	1,541	185	23	28	12.2%	15.2%
83	Wyoming	Public	432	52	12	15	23.1%	28.8%
83	Wyoming	Private	1,109	134	11	13	8.0%	10.0%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Manufacturing	81	10	1	2	9.8%	19.1%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Construction	71	9	0	0	4.3%	4.3%
Copyright 2024 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.