Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by State: 1989
State Census Code	State	Sector	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
63	Alabama	Total	2,148	1,605	221	253	13.8%	15.7%
63	Alabama	Public	382	289	70	90	24.2%	31.1%
63	Alabama	Private	1,766	1,316	152	163	11.5%	12.4%
63	Alabama	Priv. Manufacturing	556	414	94	98	22.7%	23.7%
63	Alabama	Priv. Construction	115	87	8	8	8.8%	9.6%
94	Alaska	Total	2,592	188	43	47	22.8%	25.0%
94	Alaska	Public	807	60	26	29	43.7%	48.1%
94	Alaska	Private	1,785	128	17	18	13.1%	14.2%
94	Alaska	Priv. Manufacturing	108	8	1	1	11.8%	15.4%
94	Alaska	Priv. Construction	114	8	3	3	33.7%	33.7%
86	Arizona	Total	1,853	1,387	101	122	7.3%	8.8%
86	Arizona	Public	328	249	46	58	18.6%	23.3%
86	Arizona	Private	1,525	1,138	55	64	4.8%	5.6%
86	Arizona	Priv. Manufacturing	273	199	14	14	6.9%	7.2%
86	Arizona	Priv. Construction	108	83	7	7	8.7%	8.7%
71	Arkansas	Total	2,101	908	88	110	9.7%	12.1%
71	Arkansas	Public	352	150	26	35	17.6%	23.1%
71	Arkansas	Private	1,749	758	62	75	8.1%	9.9%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Manufacturing	533	230	38	46	16.6%	19.8%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Construction	84	37	3	3	7.5%	8.6%
93	California	Total	10,362	11,826	2,239	2,584	18.9%	21.9%
93	California	Public	1,718	1,913	919	1,105	48.0%	57.8%
93	California	Private	8,644	9,913	1,320	1,479	13.3%	14.9%
93	California	Priv. Manufacturing	1,950	2,239	407	446	18.2%	19.9%
93	California	Priv. Construction	591	710	184	193	25.9%	27.2%
84	Colorado	Total	1,961	1,395	129	158	9.3%	11.3%
84	Colorado	Public	350	246	55	73	22.2%	29.6%
84	Colorado	Private	1,611	1,149	75	85	6.5%	7.4%
84	Colorado	Priv. Manufacturing	285	202	11	12	5.6%	5.9%
84	Colorado	Priv. Construction	78	56	8	8	14.2%	14.2%
16	Connecticut	Total	1,904	1,533	284	297	18.5%	19.4%
16	Connecticut	Public	240	191	121	124	63.3%	65.0%
16	Connecticut	Private	1,664	1,342	163	173	12.1%	12.9%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Manufacturing	467	371	66	68	17.8%	18.3%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Construction	108	84	20	21	23.3%	24.8%
51	Delaware	Total	2,014	321	51	55	15.8%	17.2%
51	Delaware	Public	294	47	17	20	37.0%	42.1%
51	Delaware	Private	1,720	274	33	36	12.1%	13.0%
51	Delaware	Priv. Manufacturing	463	74	19	20	25.2%	26.8%
51	Delaware	Priv. Construction	114	18	4	4	20.7%	21.3%
53	District of Columbia	Total	1,749	287	43	54	14.9%	18.9%
53	District of Columbia	Public	597	96	21	28	22.1%	28.8%
53	District of Columbia	Private	1,152	190	21	27	11.3%	13.9%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Manufacturing	58	9	1	1	10.1%	15.1%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Construction	60	11	4	4	34.4%	40.0%
59	Florida	Total	8,356	5,125	370	509	7.2%	9.9%
59	Florida	Public	1,351	816	215	300	26.4%	36.7%
59	Florida	Private	7,005	4,309	155	209	3.6%	4.9%
59	Florida	Priv. Manufacturing	1,012	638	35	49	5.5%	7.7%
59	Florida	Priv. Construction	565	349	17	19	4.8%	5.3%
58	Georgia	Total	2,211	2,784	248	286	8.9%	10.3%
58	Georgia	Public	360	452	67	90	14.9%	20.0%
58	Georgia	Private	1,851	2,333	180	196	7.7%	8.4%
58	Georgia	Priv. Manufacturing	487	604	71	72	11.8%	12.0%
58	Georgia	Priv. Construction	136	168	20	22	12.0%	12.9%
95	Hawaii	Total	1,851	442	132	138	29.9%	31.1%
95	Hawaii	Public	425	103	60	62	58.1%	60.5%
95	Hawaii	Private	1,426	339	72	75	21.3%	22.2%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Manufacturing	90	22	7	7	30.8%	30.8%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Construction	114	27	12	12	43.2%	45.0%
82	Idaho	Total	2,131	377	37	42	9.7%	11.2%
82	Idaho	Public	390	67	12	14	17.2%	20.3%
82	Idaho	Private	1,741	310	25	29	8.1%	9.2%
82	Idaho	Priv. Manufacturing	370	67	14	14	20.4%	20.8%
82	Idaho	Priv. Construction	86	15	1	1	4.3%	5.1%
33	Illinois	Total	7,880	5,015	1,045	1,145	20.8%	22.8%
33	Illinois	Public	1,193	753	334	380	44.3%	50.5%
33	Illinois	Private	6,687	4,262	712	765	16.7%	17.9%
33	Illinois	Priv. Manufacturing	1,714	1,097	283	299	25.8%	27.2%
33	Illinois	Priv. Construction	331	214	107	110	50.0%	51.3%
32	Indiana	Total	2,317	2,476	520	560	21.0%	22.6%
32	Indiana	Public	331	329	78	103	23.7%	31.2%
32	Indiana	Private	1,986	2,147	442	458	20.6%	21.3%
32	Indiana	Priv. Manufacturing	682	701	289	292	41.2%	41.6%
32	Indiana	Priv. Construction	100	108	38	40	35.7%	37.5%
42	Iowa	Total	2,318	1,198	182	228	15.2%	19.0%
42	Iowa	Public	453	236	67	94	28.6%	40.1%
42	Iowa	Private	1,865	963	115	133	11.9%	13.9%
42	Iowa	Priv. Manufacturing	468	245	77	87	31.4%	35.5%
42	Iowa	Priv. Construction	72	37	8	9	22.6%	24.1%
47	Kansas	Total	2,301	1,038	127	151	12.2%	14.6%
47	Kansas	Public	436	196	40	52	20.1%	26.6%
47	Kansas	Private	1,865	842	88	99	10.4%	11.7%
47	Kansas	Priv. Manufacturing	441	199	44	49	22.1%	24.8%
47	Kansas	Priv. Construction	82	39	7	8	18.2%	19.5%
61	Kentucky	Total	1,956	1,423	210	235	14.8%	16.5%
61	Kentucky	Public	315	228	51	65	22.6%	28.6%
61	Kentucky	Private	1,641	1,196	159	170	13.3%	14.2%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Manufacturing	405	296	87	91	29.4%	30.9%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Construction	110	80	19	19	23.8%	23.8%
72	Louisiana	Total	1,647	1,523	123	158	8.1%	10.4%
72	Louisiana	Public	326	305	49	71	16.2%	23.3%
72	Louisiana	Private	1,321	1,218	74	87	6.0%	7.2%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Manufacturing	175	162	31	34	19.2%	20.9%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Construction	122	117	12	14	10.5%	12.0%
11	Maine	Total	1,981	506	77	87	15.2%	17.2%
11	Maine	Public	340	87	41	47	47.4%	54.7%
11	Maine	Private	1,641	420	36	40	8.5%	9.4%
11	Maine	Priv. Manufacturing	411	105	21	22	19.7%	20.9%
11	Maine	Priv. Construction	119	31	2	2	4.9%	4.9%
52	Maryland	Total	2,076	2,231	358	417	16.0%	18.7%
52	Maryland	Public	520	568	185	225	32.5%	39.7%
52	Maryland	Private	1,556	1,663	173	192	10.4%	11.5%
52	Maryland	Priv. Manufacturing	234	241	46	50	19.3%	20.7%
52	Maryland	Priv. Construction	144	166	28	29	17.1%	17.7%
14	Massachusetts	Total	7,739	2,725	478	513	17.5%	18.8%
14	Massachusetts	Public	1,098	384	228	243	59.4%	63.2%
14	Massachusetts	Private	6,641	2,341	250	270	10.7%	11.5%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Manufacturing	1,682	595	95	101	16.0%	17.0%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Construction	329	116	28	28	24.2%	24.6%
34	Michigan	Total	7,588	3,896	1,013	1,082	26.0%	27.8%
34	Michigan	Public	1,173	595	345	375	58.1%	63.0%
34	Michigan	Private	6,415	3,302	668	707	20.2%	21.4%
34	Michigan	Priv. Manufacturing	2,084	1,079	416	436	38.5%	40.4%
34	Michigan	Priv. Construction	276	144	42	44	28.9%	30.7%
41	Minnesota	Total	2,164	1,944	386	416	19.9%	21.4%
41	Minnesota	Public	339	298	150	165	50.5%	55.3%
41	Minnesota	Private	1,825	1,646	236	251	14.3%	15.3%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Manufacturing	405	367	75	79	20.5%	21.5%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Construction	89	82	36	37	44.0%	45.1%
64	Mississippi	Total	2,138	938	74	87	7.8%	9.2%
64	Mississippi	Public	421	179	21	28	11.6%	15.5%
64	Mississippi	Private	1,717	759	53	59	7.0%	7.8%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Manufacturing	524	233	31	34	13.3%	14.8%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Construction	92	40	4	4	9.1%	9.1%
43	Missouri	Total	2,068	2,189	338	385	15.5%	17.6%
43	Missouri	Public	312	321	77	108	24.0%	33.5%
43	Missouri	Private	1,756	1,868	262	277	14.0%	14.8%
43	Missouri	Priv. Manufacturing	413	434	109	119	25.2%	27.4%
43	Missouri	Priv. Construction	87	95	34	35	35.5%	37.0%
81	Montana	Total	2,142	295	52	60	17.8%	20.3%
81	Montana	Public	552	76	25	31	33.5%	40.4%
81	Montana	Private	1,590	219	27	29	12.3%	13.2%
81	Montana	Priv. Manufacturing	156	22	6	6	27.3%	27.3%
81	Montana	Priv. Construction	77	11	4	4	33.9%	33.9%
46	Nebraska	Total	2,250	651	78	107	12.0%	16.5%
46	Nebraska	Public	391	113	37	50	33.0%	43.9%
46	Nebraska	Private	1,859	538	40	57	7.5%	10.7%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Manufacturing	344	100	19	26	18.7%	26.0%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Construction	73	21	3	3	16.2%	16.2%
88	Nevada	Total	2,050	516	94	107	18.2%	20.8%
88	Nevada	Public	278	68	27	33	40.0%	48.4%
88	Nevada	Private	1,772	448	67	74	14.9%	16.6%
88	Nevada	Priv. Manufacturing	139	35	3	3	7.4%	7.9%
88	Nevada	Priv. Construction	147	37	8	8	22.3%	22.3%
12	New Hampshire	Total	1,783	509	59	68	11.6%	13.3%
12	New Hampshire	Public	233	64	27	31	41.9%	49.0%
12	New Hampshire	Private	1,550	445	32	36	7.2%	8.1%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Manufacturing	505	144	13	14	9.1%	10.0%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Construction	101	30	4	4	12.6%	12.6%
22	New Jersey	Total	7,719	3,443	797	861	23.1%	25.0%
22	New Jersey	Public	1,237	547	307	340	56.1%	62.2%
22	New Jersey	Private	6,482	2,897	490	521	16.9%	18.0%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Manufacturing	1,548	698	159	168	22.8%	24.1%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Construction	348	156	55	57	34.9%	36.5%
85	New Mexico	Total	1,975	548	43	51	7.8%	9.4%
85	New Mexico	Public	508	140	13	20	9.5%	14.1%
85	New Mexico	Private	1,467	408	29	32	7.2%	7.8%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Manufacturing	192	54	3	3	5.7%	6.2%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Construction	89	25	3	3	10.9%	10.9%
21	New York	Total	9,595	7,322	2,042	2,185	27.9%	29.8%
21	New York	Public	1,860	1,405	928	990	66.1%	70.4%
21	New York	Private	7,735	5,917	1,113	1,196	18.8%	20.2%
21	New York	Priv. Manufacturing	1,634	1,220	312	322	25.5%	26.4%
21	New York	Priv. Construction	453	357	142	143	39.8%	40.0%
56	North Carolina	Total	8,314	2,980	164	202	5.5%	6.8%
56	North Carolina	Public	1,331	472	69	89	14.7%	19.0%
56	North Carolina	Private	6,983	2,508	95	113	3.8%	4.5%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	2,486	893	58	67	6.5%	7.5%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Construction	465	168	2	2	0.9%	1.1%
44	North Dakota	Total	2,337	249	28	36	11.2%	14.4%
44	North Dakota	Public	582	61	16	21	26.3%	34.4%
44	North Dakota	Private	1,755	187	12	15	6.2%	7.9%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	137	14	3	3	20.3%	22.9%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Construction	111	12	2	3	20.5%	21.2%
31	Ohio	Total	8,285	4,641	987	1,066	21.3%	23.0%
31	Ohio	Public	1,237	688	297	343	43.1%	49.8%
31	Ohio	Private	7,048	3,953	690	723	17.5%	18.3%
31	Ohio	Priv. Manufacturing	2,145	1,205	417	430	34.6%	35.7%
31	Ohio	Priv. Construction	329	186	56	58	30.1%	31.3%
73	Oklahoma	Total	1,997	1,221	123	148	10.1%	12.1%
73	Oklahoma	Public	430	256	54	74	21.1%	29.0%
73	Oklahoma	Private	1,567	965	69	74	7.1%	7.7%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Manufacturing	328	198	38	39	19.0%	19.7%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Construction	65	41	3	4	8.3%	10.1%
92	Oregon	Total	1,840	1,151	248	282	21.6%	24.5%
92	Oregon	Public	329	204	98	117	47.9%	57.3%
92	Oregon	Private	1,511	946	150	165	15.9%	17.4%
92	Oregon	Priv. Manufacturing	369	229	53	55	23.0%	24.1%
92	Oregon	Priv. Construction	65	42	13	13	30.1%	31.9%
23	Pennsylvania	Total	7,964	5,085	1,063	1,188	20.9%	23.4%
23	Pennsylvania	Public	1,057	677	341	394	50.3%	58.2%
23	Pennsylvania	Private	6,907	4,408	722	794	16.4%	18.0%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Manufacturing	1,816	1,158	355	376	30.7%	32.4%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Construction	423	274	66	71	24.1%	25.9%
15	Rhode Island	Total	1,859	457	85	89	18.7%	19.4%
15	Rhode Island	Public	256	62	42	42	68.2%	68.6%
15	Rhode Island	Private	1,603	395	43	46	10.9%	11.7%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Manufacturing	474	117	16	17	13.8%	14.2%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Construction	68	17	5	5	27.0%	29.9%
57	South Carolina	Total	2,575	1,446	56	78	3.9%	5.4%
57	South Carolina	Public	442	248	18	31	7.3%	12.7%
57	South Carolina	Private	2,133	1,199	38	47	3.2%	3.9%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	763	432	25	29	5.7%	6.8%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Construction	154	88	2	3	2.6%	3.2%
45	South Dakota	Total	2,469	269	22	34	8.1%	12.6%
45	South Dakota	Public	541	59	14	21	23.2%	36.0%
45	South Dakota	Private	1,928	210	8	13	3.8%	6.0%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	286	32	3	4	8.3%	13.4%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Construction	83	9	0	0	2.5%	2.5%
62	Tennessee	Total	2,186	2,020	236	288	11.7%	14.3%
62	Tennessee	Public	318	292	56	82	19.3%	28.1%
62	Tennessee	Private	1,868	1,727	180	206	10.4%	12.0%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Manufacturing	612	562	98	111	17.4%	19.8%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Construction	113	106	14	18	13.6%	16.8%
74	Texas	Total	8,610	6,826	468	627	6.9%	9.2%
74	Texas	Public	1,571	1,214	198	282	16.3%	23.2%
74	Texas	Private	7,039	5,612	270	345	4.8%	6.2%
74	Texas	Priv. Manufacturing	1,343	1,093	100	131	9.1%	12.0%
74	Texas	Priv. Construction	476	383	28	31	7.3%	8.1%
87	Utah	Total	2,115	652	71	92	10.9%	14.0%
87	Utah	Public	467	143	39	52	27.6%	36.6%
87	Utah	Private	1,648	509	32	39	6.2%	7.7%
87	Utah	Priv. Manufacturing	355	111	8	10	6.9%	8.9%
87	Utah	Priv. Construction	68	22	3	3	15.1%	15.1%
13	Vermont	Total	1,694	245	29	37	11.9%	15.2%
13	Vermont	Public	286	40	17	21	41.4%	52.8%
13	Vermont	Private	1,408	204	12	16	6.1%	7.9%
13	Vermont	Priv. Manufacturing	354	52	7	8	13.6%	15.3%
13	Vermont	Priv. Construction	124	18	1	1	2.9%	4.4%
54	Virginia	Total	2,947	2,720	247	306	9.1%	11.2%
54	Virginia	Public	656	603	100	136	16.5%	22.6%
54	Virginia	Private	2,291	2,117	147	169	7.0%	8.0%
54	Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	464	427	55	60	12.8%	14.1%
54	Virginia	Priv. Construction	180	166	16	20	9.4%	11.9%
91	Washington	Total	2,131	1,955	451	519	23.1%	26.5%
91	Washington	Public	425	386	172	198	44.5%	51.4%
91	Washington	Private	1,706	1,569	279	320	17.8%	20.4%
91	Washington	Priv. Manufacturing	392	363	124	138	34.2%	38.1%
91	Washington	Priv. Construction	90	83	19	22	23.2%	26.0%
55	West Virginia	Total	1,889	638	125	135	19.5%	21.2%
55	West Virginia	Public	342	115	28	35	24.6%	30.9%
55	West Virginia	Private	1,547	524	97	100	18.4%	19.1%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	343	115	45	46	39.4%	40.0%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Construction	105	37	5	5	12.8%	12.8%
35	Wisconsin	Total	2,786	2,183	456	484	20.9%	22.2%
35	Wisconsin	Public	453	353	166	183	47.0%	51.9%
35	Wisconsin	Private	2,333	1,830	290	301	15.8%	16.4%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Manufacturing	731	579	167	169	28.9%	29.2%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Construction	126	101	36	37	35.5%	37.0%
83	Wyoming	Total	1,493	175	22	28	12.8%	16.2%
83	Wyoming	Public	406	47	10	14	21.7%	28.6%
83	Wyoming	Private	1,087	128	12	15	9.5%	11.5%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Manufacturing	70	8	1	1	11.9%	16.1%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Construction	70	8	1	1	15.0%	16.3%
Copyright 2024 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.