Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by State: 1986
State Census Code	State	Sector	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
63	Alabama	Total	1,658	1,502	236	272	15.7%	18.1%
63	Alabama	Public	341	309	78	96	25.4%	31.2%
63	Alabama	Private	1,317	1,193	157	176	13.2%	14.7%
63	Alabama	Priv. Manufacturing	426	383	103	113	26.9%	29.4%
63	Alabama	Priv. Construction	81	76	14	17	18.4%	22.3%
94	Alaska	Total	2,781	198	46	53	23.2%	26.8%
94	Alaska	Public	885	67	29	33	43.5%	49.7%
94	Alaska	Private	1,896	131	17	20	12.9%	15.0%
94	Alaska	Priv. Manufacturing	121	9	1	2	13.5%	19.9%
94	Alaska	Priv. Construction	136	9	3	4	37.5%	38.9%
86	Arizona	Total	1,744	1,296	106	141	8.2%	10.9%
86	Arizona	Public	315	228	47	70	20.8%	30.6%
86	Arizona	Private	1,429	1,068	59	71	5.5%	6.7%
86	Arizona	Priv. Manufacturing	241	180	9	13	4.9%	7.2%
86	Arizona	Priv. Construction	159	121	19	20	16.0%	16.4%
71	Arkansas	Total	2,031	839	83	104	9.8%	12.4%
71	Arkansas	Public	373	153	18	24	12.1%	15.7%
71	Arkansas	Private	1,658	687	64	80	9.3%	11.6%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Manufacturing	489	205	42	52	20.6%	25.4%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Construction	88	37	2	2	6.3%	6.3%
93	California	Total	13,747	10,890	2,177	2,515	20.0%	23.1%
93	California	Public	2,152	1,726	787	975	45.6%	56.5%
93	California	Private	11,595	9,164	1,390	1,540	15.2%	16.8%
93	California	Priv. Manufacturing	2,978	2,328	441	482	18.9%	20.7%
93	California	Priv. Construction	681	582	170	177	29.2%	30.5%
84	Colorado	Total	1,955	1,363	170	202	12.5%	14.8%
84	Colorado	Public	353	243	66	79	27.0%	32.4%
84	Colorado	Private	1,602	1,120	105	123	9.4%	11.0%
84	Colorado	Priv. Manufacturing	263	186	21	28	11.2%	14.8%
84	Colorado	Priv. Construction	119	86	17	17	19.3%	19.3%
16	Connecticut	Total	2,356	1,501	288	311	19.2%	20.7%
16	Connecticut	Public	281	181	113	122	62.2%	67.3%
16	Connecticut	Private	2,075	1,321	176	189	13.3%	14.3%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Manufacturing	667	430	77	86	17.9%	20.1%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Construction	110	70	18	18	25.1%	26.0%
51	Delaware	Total	1,974	285	48	54	16.8%	19.0%
51	Delaware	Public	271	40	18	20	44.1%	51.0%
51	Delaware	Private	1,703	245	30	34	12.3%	13.8%
51	Delaware	Priv. Manufacturing	459	67	13	14	19.0%	21.0%
51	Delaware	Priv. Construction	108	15	2	3	15.1%	18.0%
53	District of Columbia	Total	1,886	279	45	58	16.0%	20.7%
53	District of Columbia	Public	672	99	21	29	21.4%	28.7%
53	District of Columbia	Private	1,214	179	23	29	13.0%	16.3%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Manufacturing	70	10	2	2	18.8%	24.4%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Construction	59	9	3	3	33.0%	33.0%
59	Florida	Total	7,530	4,613	395	522	8.6%	11.3%
59	Florida	Public	1,209	734	202	287	27.4%	39.1%
59	Florida	Private	6,321	3,878	193	235	5.0%	6.1%
59	Florida	Priv. Manufacturing	900	564	54	61	9.6%	10.9%
59	Florida	Priv. Construction	566	355	29	33	8.1%	9.2%
58	Georgia	Total	2,235	2,555	243	298	9.5%	11.7%
58	Georgia	Public	363	415	56	80	13.5%	19.3%
58	Georgia	Private	1,872	2,140	187	218	8.7%	10.2%
58	Georgia	Priv. Manufacturing	487	551	81	84	14.7%	15.3%
58	Georgia	Priv. Construction	120	140	13	15	9.2%	10.5%
95	Hawaii	Total	1,751	406	119	129	29.2%	31.9%
95	Hawaii	Public	446	104	53	59	51.4%	56.6%
95	Hawaii	Private	1,305	302	65	70	21.5%	23.3%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Manufacturing	98	23	7	8	31.1%	33.4%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Construction	67	16	9	9	56.6%	57.8%
82	Idaho	Total	2,052	356	43	51	12.0%	14.5%
82	Idaho	Public	399	68	13	18	19.7%	26.6%
82	Idaho	Private	1,653	288	29	33	10.2%	11.6%
82	Idaho	Priv. Manufacturing	300	53	13	14	24.7%	27.1%
82	Idaho	Priv. Construction	94	17	2	2	11.2%	12.2%
33	Illinois	Total	7,446	4,712	1,058	1,157	22.4%	24.6%
33	Illinois	Public	1,085	682	296	349	43.4%	51.2%
33	Illinois	Private	6,361	4,030	761	808	18.9%	20.0%
33	Illinois	Priv. Manufacturing	1,666	1,061	312	328	29.4%	30.9%
33	Illinois	Priv. Construction	293	186	94	96	50.8%	51.7%
32	Indiana	Total	2,824	2,294	478	507	20.8%	22.1%
32	Indiana	Public	392	311	79	93	25.5%	29.9%
32	Indiana	Private	2,432	1,982	398	414	20.1%	20.9%
32	Indiana	Priv. Manufacturing	806	654	264	273	40.4%	41.7%
32	Indiana	Priv. Construction	123	104	35	38	33.6%	36.5%
42	Iowa	Total	2,183	1,095	160	199	14.6%	18.2%
42	Iowa	Public	412	206	53	77	25.8%	37.1%
42	Iowa	Private	1,771	889	107	123	12.0%	13.8%
42	Iowa	Priv. Manufacturing	445	223	64	74	28.6%	33.1%
42	Iowa	Priv. Construction	81	41	8	8	18.5%	20.0%
47	Kansas	Total	2,202	982	121	148	12.3%	15.1%
47	Kansas	Public	386	171	34	44	19.8%	25.8%
47	Kansas	Private	1,816	811	87	104	10.8%	12.8%
47	Kansas	Priv. Manufacturing	449	202	43	53	21.5%	26.4%
47	Kansas	Priv. Construction	102	46	10	11	22.2%	23.2%
61	Kentucky	Total	1,915	1,330	213	234	16.0%	17.6%
61	Kentucky	Public	340	234	41	55	17.7%	23.6%
61	Kentucky	Private	1,575	1,096	171	179	15.6%	16.4%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Manufacturing	410	285	106	110	37.1%	38.5%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Construction	74	53	13	13	23.7%	23.7%
72	Louisiana	Total	1,755	1,538	151	183	9.8%	11.9%
72	Louisiana	Public	381	332	60	78	18.1%	23.4%
72	Louisiana	Private	1,374	1,205	91	105	7.5%	8.7%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Manufacturing	225	196	36	36	18.2%	18.2%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Construction	109	97	13	15	13.2%	15.3%
11	Maine	Total	1,791	455	76	86	16.7%	18.9%
11	Maine	Public	296	75	34	40	45.1%	53.3%
11	Maine	Private	1,495	380	42	46	11.0%	12.1%
11	Maine	Priv. Manufacturing	440	113	31	33	27.5%	29.5%
11	Maine	Priv. Construction	89	23	2	2	8.4%	8.4%
52	Maryland	Total	2,890	2,033	328	414	16.1%	20.4%
52	Maryland	Public	747	524	130	176	24.9%	33.6%
52	Maryland	Private	2,143	1,509	198	238	13.1%	15.8%
52	Maryland	Priv. Manufacturing	361	257	73	80	28.3%	31.2%
52	Maryland	Priv. Construction	180	130	24	27	18.4%	21.2%
14	Massachusetts	Total	7,957	2,696	474	513	17.6%	19.0%
14	Massachusetts	Public	1,115	381	204	220	53.6%	57.8%
14	Massachusetts	Private	6,842	2,314	269	293	11.6%	12.6%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Manufacturing	1,928	653	113	118	17.2%	18.1%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Construction	344	118	26	27	22.0%	22.6%
34	Michigan	Total	7,237	3,591	1,017	1,095	28.3%	30.5%
34	Michigan	Public	1,115	549	298	328	54.3%	59.7%
34	Michigan	Private	6,122	3,041	719	767	23.6%	25.2%
34	Michigan	Priv. Manufacturing	2,147	1,068	454	471	42.5%	44.1%
34	Michigan	Priv. Construction	262	134	44	45	32.8%	33.3%
41	Minnesota	Total	2,284	1,786	386	418	21.6%	23.4%
41	Minnesota	Public	382	300	161	175	53.8%	58.5%
41	Minnesota	Private	1,902	1,486	224	243	15.1%	16.3%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Manufacturing	474	372	79	85	21.2%	22.9%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Construction	99	79	30	30	37.3%	38.3%
64	Mississippi	Total	2,140	915	85	95	9.2%	10.4%
64	Mississippi	Public	437	185	24	29	13.0%	15.9%
64	Mississippi	Private	1,703	731	61	66	8.3%	9.0%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Manufacturing	522	231	36	39	15.5%	16.8%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Construction	101	44	2	2	5.7%	5.7%
43	Missouri	Total	2,695	2,105	394	432	18.7%	20.5%
43	Missouri	Public	406	310	64	86	20.6%	27.9%
43	Missouri	Private	2,289	1,795	330	345	18.4%	19.2%
43	Missouri	Priv. Manufacturing	586	462	141	146	30.4%	31.5%
43	Missouri	Priv. Construction	129	104	37	37	35.2%	35.2%
81	Montana	Total	2,146	290	52	61	18.0%	21.0%
81	Montana	Public	577	78	24	30	30.3%	38.7%
81	Montana	Private	1,569	212	29	31	13.5%	14.6%
81	Montana	Priv. Manufacturing	169	23	7	7	29.1%	29.8%
81	Montana	Priv. Construction	73	10	3	3	33.3%	33.3%
46	Nebraska	Total	2,231	652	73	91	11.2%	14.0%
46	Nebraska	Public	391	113	28	38	24.9%	33.7%
46	Nebraska	Private	1,840	539	45	53	8.3%	9.8%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Manufacturing	327	96	16	18	16.5%	18.3%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Construction	84	25	4	5	16.9%	20.1%
88	Nevada	Total	1,795	443	83	100	18.7%	22.5%
88	Nevada	Public	273	66	22	31	33.3%	46.8%
88	Nevada	Private	1,522	378	61	69	16.2%	18.3%
88	Nevada	Priv. Manufacturing	106	26	3	3	10.9%	11.8%
88	Nevada	Priv. Construction	118	29	7	7	23.8%	23.8%
12	New Hampshire	Total	1,725	485	53	65	11.0%	13.5%
12	New Hampshire	Public	236	65	24	31	36.0%	48.1%
12	New Hampshire	Private	1,489	420	30	34	7.1%	8.1%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Manufacturing	517	148	15	17	9.8%	11.6%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Construction	125	35	2	2	6.2%	7.1%
22	New Jersey	Total	8,015	3,363	783	871	23.3%	25.9%
22	New Jersey	Public	1,224	511	282	314	55.1%	61.4%
22	New Jersey	Private	6,791	2,852	502	557	17.6%	19.5%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Manufacturing	1,787	761	198	218	26.0%	28.6%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Construction	388	165	56	58	33.9%	35.2%
85	New Mexico	Total	1,847	515	49	62	9.5%	12.0%
85	New Mexico	Public	515	142	22	32	15.8%	22.9%
85	New Mexico	Private	1,332	373	27	29	7.1%	7.8%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Manufacturing	125	36	4	5	11.1%	12.7%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Construction	110	32	4	4	12.2%	13.1%
21	New York	Total	12,299	7,061	2,107	2,253	29.8%	31.9%
21	New York	Public	2,414	1,368	909	974	66.5%	71.2%
21	New York	Private	9,885	5,693	1,198	1,279	21.0%	22.5%
21	New York	Priv. Manufacturing	2,264	1,301	359	382	27.6%	29.4%
21	New York	Priv. Construction	516	302	118	120	38.9%	39.7%
56	North Carolina	Total	7,573	2,691	152	186	5.6%	6.9%
56	North Carolina	Public	1,115	393	50	69	12.7%	17.6%
56	North Carolina	Private	6,458	2,298	101	117	4.4%	5.1%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	2,470	881	60	66	6.8%	7.5%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Construction	439	158	1	1	0.8%	0.8%
44	North Dakota	Total	2,215	243	28	35	11.4%	14.3%
44	North Dakota	Public	496	53	13	18	25.3%	32.8%
44	North Dakota	Private	1,719	190	14	17	7.5%	9.0%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	138	15	4	4	27.2%	29.4%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Construction	90	10	1	1	12.9%	13.9%
31	Ohio	Total	7,790	4,347	975	1,074	22.4%	24.7%
31	Ohio	Public	1,174	654	265	316	40.6%	48.4%
31	Ohio	Private	6,616	3,694	710	757	19.2%	20.5%
31	Ohio	Priv. Manufacturing	2,102	1,168	439	455	37.6%	38.9%
31	Ohio	Priv. Construction	277	155	53	55	34.5%	35.6%
73	Oklahoma	Total	2,115	1,229	145	167	11.8%	13.6%
73	Oklahoma	Public	468	272	62	78	22.9%	28.6%
73	Oklahoma	Private	1,647	957	83	89	8.6%	9.3%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Manufacturing	297	170	38	39	22.2%	23.1%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Construction	83	50	8	9	15.2%	17.8%
92	Oregon	Total	1,637	1,039	205	237	19.8%	22.8%
92	Oregon	Public	274	173	82	102	47.7%	59.1%
92	Oregon	Private	1,363	866	123	135	14.2%	15.6%
92	Oregon	Priv. Manufacturing	320	206	45	48	21.8%	23.4%
92	Oregon	Priv. Construction	46	31	5	7	16.9%	21.3%
23	Pennsylvania	Total	7,597	4,677	1,027	1,141	22.0%	24.4%
23	Pennsylvania	Public	1,018	624	312	369	50.1%	59.2%
23	Pennsylvania	Private	6,579	4,053	714	772	17.6%	19.0%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Manufacturing	1,768	1,099	367	379	33.4%	34.5%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Construction	377	234	62	69	26.6%	29.6%
15	Rhode Island	Total	1,875	443	92	97	20.7%	21.9%
15	Rhode Island	Public	298	70	47	49	67.7%	70.5%
15	Rhode Island	Private	1,577	374	45	48	11.9%	12.9%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Manufacturing	535	127	20	21	15.7%	16.7%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Construction	82	20	4	5	21.8%	24.4%
57	South Carolina	Total	2,395	1,365	79	92	5.8%	6.7%
57	South Carolina	Public	393	220	21	26	9.6%	11.8%
57	South Carolina	Private	2,002	1,145	58	66	5.1%	5.8%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	726	420	34	39	8.0%	9.2%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Construction	134	78	3	4	3.9%	5.1%
45	South Dakota	Total	2,387	253	23	31	9.0%	12.3%
45	South Dakota	Public	478	50	11	15	21.0%	30.7%
45	South Dakota	Private	1,909	203	12	16	6.0%	7.8%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	283	30	4	5	13.8%	17.9%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Construction	110	12	1	1	6.1%	7.0%
62	Tennessee	Total	2,111	1,868	257	306	13.7%	16.4%
62	Tennessee	Public	335	296	88	114	29.8%	38.5%
62	Tennessee	Private	1,776	1,573	169	192	10.7%	12.2%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Manufacturing	588	521	104	115	20.0%	22.2%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Construction	120	108	17	20	15.3%	18.5%
74	Texas	Total	8,227	6,539	499	652	7.6%	10.0%
74	Texas	Public	1,348	1,036	167	243	16.1%	23.5%
74	Texas	Private	6,879	5,502	332	409	6.0%	7.4%
74	Texas	Priv. Manufacturing	1,226	999	132	161	13.3%	16.1%
74	Texas	Priv. Construction	515	422	28	32	6.7%	7.5%
87	Utah	Total	1,973	619	66	86	10.6%	13.9%
87	Utah	Public	421	132	34	44	25.5%	33.0%
87	Utah	Private	1,552	487	32	43	6.6%	8.8%
87	Utah	Priv. Manufacturing	341	106	10	12	9.1%	10.9%
87	Utah	Priv. Construction	117	37	4	5	11.3%	13.7%
13	Vermont	Total	1,714	232	26	34	11.0%	14.6%
13	Vermont	Public	249	33	13	18	39.8%	54.7%
13	Vermont	Private	1,465	199	12	16	6.2%	7.8%
13	Vermont	Priv. Manufacturing	363	49	7	9	14.6%	17.3%
13	Vermont	Priv. Construction	108	15	1	1	6.0%	8.0%
54	Virginia	Total	2,833	2,488	222	277	8.9%	11.1%
54	Virginia	Public	625	548	74	101	13.5%	18.3%
54	Virginia	Private	2,208	1,940	148	176	7.6%	9.1%
54	Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	486	426	63	74	14.9%	17.3%
54	Virginia	Priv. Construction	151	136	8	10	5.6%	7.5%
91	Washington	Total	1,849	1,710	455	535	26.6%	31.3%
91	Washington	Public	404	369	169	203	45.8%	54.9%
91	Washington	Private	1,445	1,341	286	333	21.3%	24.8%
91	Washington	Priv. Manufacturing	305	285	115	128	40.4%	45.0%
91	Washington	Priv. Construction	90	86	21	26	24.9%	30.3%
55	West Virginia	Total	1,721	590	121	136	20.5%	23.0%
55	West Virginia	Public	354	121	23	34	19.3%	28.2%
55	West Virginia	Private	1,367	470	98	102	20.8%	21.7%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	267	91	40	42	43.6%	46.4%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Construction	88	31	10	10	30.9%	30.9%
35	Wisconsin	Total	2,525	1,951	444	471	22.7%	24.1%
35	Wisconsin	Public	424	325	156	169	47.9%	52.0%
35	Wisconsin	Private	2,101	1,626	288	302	17.7%	18.6%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Manufacturing	680	533	171	178	32.0%	33.4%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Construction	98	76	32	32	41.7%	41.7%
83	Wyoming	Total	1,533	194	23	28	11.7%	14.3%
83	Wyoming	Public	411	52	10	12	18.6%	24.0%
83	Wyoming	Private	1,122	143	13	15	9.2%	10.8%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Manufacturing	83	10	2	2	16.4%	19.0%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Construction	104	13	1	1	9.5%	10.4%
Copyright 2024 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.