| Union Membership, Coverage, Density, and Employment: | ||||||
| Wholesale and Retail Trade Workers | ||||||
| Year | Sample Size | Employment (in 1000s) | Members (in 1000s) | Covered (in 1000s) | % Mem | %Cov |
| 1973 | 9,660 | 14,788.9 | 1,781.7 | 12.0% | ||
| 1974 | 9,419 | 14,992.8 | 1,715.3 | 11.4% | ||
| 1975 | 9,477 | 15,393.0 | 1,636.8 | 10.6% | ||
| 1976 | 9,733 | 16,009.1 | 1,725.1 | 10.8% | ||
| 1977 | 11,753 | 16,599.3 | 1,774.5 | 1,924.7 | 10.7% | 11.6% |
| 1978 | 11,765 | 17,230.6 | 1,701.4 | 1,896.7 | 9.9% | 11.0% |
| 1979 | 11,734 | 17,556.3 | 1,812.8 | 2,028.6 | 10.3% | 11.6% |
| 1980 | 13,664 | 17,400.6 | 1,752.8 | 1,896.5 | 10.1% | 10.9% |
| 1981 | 3,128 | 18,092.7 | 1,720.2 | 1,950.5 | 9.5% | 10.8% |
| 1983 | 35,710 | 18,166.9 | 1,590.5 | 1,808.0 | 8.8% | 10.0% |
| 1984 | 36,411 | 18,939.1 | 1,504.4 | 1,683.7 | 7.9% | 8.9% |
| 1985 | 37,111 | 19,508.3 | 1,412.2 | 1,568.2 | 7.2% | 8.0% |
| 1986 | 36,756 | 19,948.3 | 1,439.3 | 1,571.3 | 7.2% | 7.9% |
| 1987 | 37,252 | 20,514.3 | 1,452.1 | 1,588.2 | 7.1% | 7.7% |
| 1988 | 35,368 | 20,690.0 | 1,397.0 | 1,575.2 | 6.8% | 7.6% |
| 1989 | 36,268 | 21,240.9 | 1,332.6 | 1,492.7 | 6.3% | 7.0% |
| 1990 | 37,862 | 21,739.3 | 1,369.6 | 1,535.0 | 6.3% | 7.1% |
| 1991 | 36,720 | 21,490.6 | 1,437.8 | 1,591.5 | 6.7% | 7.4% |
| 1992 | 36,435 | 21,844.8 | 1,440.9 | 1,589.7 | 6.6% | 7.3% |
| 1993 | 36,078 | 22,132.2 | 1,396.3 | 1,538.6 | 6.3% | 7.0% |
| 1994 | 35,071 | 22,408.5 | 1,391.9 | 1,539.0 | 6.2% | 6.9% |
| 1995 | 35,348 | 23,128.4 | 1,410.5 | 1,567.2 | 6.1% | 6.8% |
| 1996 | 32,005 | 23,751.1 | 1,343.2 | 1,489.4 | 5.7% | 6.3% |
| 1997 | 31,960 | 23,772.7 | 1,329.4 | 1,486.8 | 5.6% | 6.3% |
| 1998 | 32,584 | 24,354.4 | 1,295.2 | 1,404.8 | 5.3% | 5.8% |
| 1999 | 32,924 | 24,771.7 | 1,291.0 | 1,421.1 | 5.2% | 5.7% |
| 2000 | 33,339 | 25,231.3 | 1,209.3 | 1,333.5 | 4.8% | 5.3% |
| 2001 | 35,360 | 25,192.0 | 1,187.4 | 1,301.3 | 4.7% | 5.2% |
| 2002 | 38,057 | 25,204.7 | 1,143.8 | 1,260.5 | 4.5% | 5.0% |
| 2003 | 27,201 | 18,420.3 | 1,136.7 | 1,220.1 | 6.2% | 6.6% |
| 2004 | 26,986 | 18,847.2 | 1,041.0 | 1,122.1 | 5.5% | 6.0% |
| 2005 | 27,029 | 19,100.6 | 1,037.8 | 1,145.8 | 5.4% | 6.0% |
| 2006 | 26,641 | 19,349.4 | 967.5 | 1,038.9 | 5.0% | 5.4% |
| 2007 | 25,742 | 18,998.8 | 1,000.4 | 1,087.7 | 5.3% | 5.7% |
| 2008 | 25,298 | 18,748.5 | 987.8 | 1,111.4 | 5.3% | 5.9% |
| 2009 | 24,331 | 17,953.1 | 947.1 | 1,042.4 | 5.3% | 5.8% |
| 2010 | 24,022 | 17,914.3 | 877.0 | 970.5 | 4.9% | 5.4% |
| 2011 | 23,592 | 18,118.2 | 874.8 | 975.7 | 4.8% | 5.4% |
| 2012 | 23,486 | 18,312.6 | 872.2 | 978.8 | 4.8% | 5.3% |
| 2013 | 23,042 | 18,117.2 | 848.5 | 938.0 | 4.7% | 5.2% |
| 2014 | 23,174 | 18,498.4 | 782.2 | 910.2 | 4.2% | 4.9% |
| 2015 | 22,976 | 18,926.0 | 886.8 | 981.2 | 4.7% | 5.2% |
| 2016 | 22,476 | 18,625.0 | 792.2 | 899.6 | 4.3% | 4.8% |
| 2017 | 22,127 | 18,899.2 | 849.3 | 952.5 | 4.5% | 5.0% |
| 2018 | 21,271 | 18,824.3 | 819.6 | 942.4 | 4.4% | 5.0% |
| 2019 | 19,841 | 18,209.6 | 751.4 | 873.6 | 4.1% | 4.8% |
| 2020 | 17,598 | 17,508.9 | 799.6 | 887.7 | 4.6% | 5.1% |
| 2021 | 17,849 | 18,170.8 | 783.1 | 894.4 | 4.3% | 4.9% |
| 2022 | 16,499 | 17,980.2 | 748.7 | 867.5 | 4.2% | 4.8% |
| 2023 | 15,752 | 18,114.3 | 706.2 | 837.6 | 3.9% | 4.6% |
| Copyright 2024 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even. The use of this data requires citation. | ||||||