Union Membership, Coverage, Density, and Employment:
Public Sector Workers
Year	Sample Size	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	%Cov
1973	8,850	13,632.8	3,134.5		23.0%
1974	8,823	14,153.6	3,472.7		24.5%
1975	8,879	14,497.7	3,601.5		24.8%
1976	8,979	14,928.9	3,789.5		25.4%
1977	11,139	15,247.8	4,994.6	6,111.1	32.8%	40.1%
1978	10,851	15,399.8	5,123.7	6,234.4	33.3%	40.5%
1979	11,062	15,843.4	5,868.2	7,010.6	37.0%	44.2%
1980	13,348	16,038.8	5,763.6	6,967.7	35.9%	43.4%
1981	2,796	15,098.3	5,188.9	6,279.2	34.4%	41.6%
1983	32,621	15,633.8	5,737.2	7,112.2	36.7%	45.5%
1984	32,144	15,832.8	5,655.7	6,945.9	35.7%	43.9%
1985	32,047	16,071.4	5,743.1	6,920.6	35.7%	43.1%
1986	31,469	16,390.5	5,890.5	7,073.9	35.9%	43.2%
1987	31,736	16,864.3	6,055.7	7,165.7	35.9%	42.5%
1988	30,709	17,190.6	6,299.2	7,485.1	36.6%	43.5%
1989	31,039	17,490.8	6,424.2	7,614.4	36.7%	43.5%
1990	32,833	17,809.2	6,476.6	7,679.8	36.4%	43.1%
1991	32,448	18,028.5	6,618.9	7,783.4	36.7%	43.2%
1992	31,935	18,212.0	6,639.5	7,825.7	36.5%	43.0%
1993	31,736	18,703.0	7,000.2	8,143.2	37.4%	43.5%
1994	30,153	18,339.2	7,091.0	8,191.8	38.7%	44.7%
1995	29,584	18,357.6	6,927.4	7,986.6	37.7%	43.5%
1996	25,960	18,210.2	6,854.4	7,829.7	37.6%	43.0%
1997	25,920	18,147.2	6,746.7	7,668.0	37.2%	42.3%
1998	25,861	18,401.0	6,905.3	7,814.7	37.5%	42.5%
1999	26,561	18,938.1	7,058.1	7,966.3	37.3%	42.1%
2000	26,572	18,975.7	7,110.5	7,975.6	37.5%	42.0%
2001	28,492	19,130.3	7,147.5	7,975.4	37.4%	41.7%
2002	31,266	19,397.9	7,327.2	8,131.9	37.8%	41.9%
2003	30,780	19,710.2	7,324.1	8,184.7	37.2%	41.5%
2004	30,362	19,970.3	7,267.1	8,131.1	36.4%	40.7%
2005	30,550	20,380.9	7,430.4	8,261.8	36.5%	40.5%
2006	30,059	20,391.6	7,377.8	8,172.4	36.2%	40.1%
2007	30,409	21,053.2	7,556.7	8,373.3	35.9%	39.8%
2008	30,391	21,304.6	7,832.3	8,676.2	36.8%	40.7%
2009	30,314	21,132.6	7,896.5	8,677.5	37.4%	41.1%
2010	29,848	21,032.7	7,623.1	8,406.0	36.2%	40.0%
2011	28,849	20,431.7	7,550.2	8,309.1	37.0%	40.7%
2012	28,223	20,373.0	7,319.5	8,061.6	35.9%	39.6%
2013	27,890	20,412.3	7,203.0	7,894.1	35.3%	38.7%
2014	27,588	20,193.2	7,214.0	7,923.1	35.7%	39.2%
2015	27,456	20,577.3	7,233.8	8,022.7	35.2%	39.0%
2016	27,283	20,669.7	7,113.5	7,826.5	34.4%	37.9%
2017	26,877	20,951.5	7,211.3	7,945.2	34.4%	37.9%
2018	25,957	21,118.3	7,162.2	7,861.9	33.9%	37.2%
2019	24,862	21,011.2	7,058.7	7,812.9	33.6%	37.2%
2020	22,621	20,618.3	7,168.0	7,915.0	34.8%	38.4%
2021	21,931	20,613.4	6,977.8	7,745.3	33.9%	37.6%
2022	21,026	21,298.3	7,060.9	7,832.2	33.2%	36.8%
2023	20,280	21,573.2	7,007.1	7,762.6	32.5%	36.0%
Copyright 2024 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.