Union Membership, Coverage, Density, and Employment:
Female Workers
Year	Sample Size	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	%Cov
1973	19,667	30,017.6	4,184.2		13.9%
1974	19,628	30,945.6	4,259.4		13.8%
1975	19,300	30,935.4	4,187.3		13.5%
1976	20,012	32,587.6	4,431.1		13.6%
1977	24,348	34,008.5	5,328.9	6,298.9	15.7%	18.5%
1978	24,647	35,845.1	5,499.4	6,623.9	15.3%	18.5%
1979	25,156	37,086.2	6,155.9	7,344.3	16.6%	19.8%
1980	30,311	38,131.7	6,055.9	7,191.4	15.9%	18.9%
1981	6,852	39,267.8	5,818.5	6,861.4	14.8%	17.5%
1983	80,909	40,433.4	5,908.3	7,262.4	14.6%	18.0%
1984	82,621	42,172.0	5,829.1	7,099.6	13.8%	16.8%
1985	84,641	43,505.5	5,731.8	6,910.3	13.2%	15.9%
1986	85,237	44,960.7	5,802.3	6,960.7	12.9%	15.5%
1987	86,518	46,364.9	5,841.9	6,906.7	12.6%	14.9%
1988	83,082	47,495.3	5,982.5	7,108.9	12.6%	15.0%
1989	84,998	48,690.7	6,140.7	7,242.7	12.6%	14.9%
1990	89,521	49,322.7	6,178.7	7,330.3	12.5%	14.9%
1991	87,489	49,104.5	6,142.3	7,247.4	12.5%	14.8%
1992	86,519	49,812.0	6,270.4	7,407.9	12.6%	14.9%
1993	85,880	50,611.6	6,522.2	7,615.9	12.9%	15.0%
1994	83,981	51,414.4	6,644.0	7,742.9	12.9%	15.1%
1995	83,407	52,369.5	6,430.3	7,478.8	12.3%	14.3%
1996	74,781	53,487.6	6,410.4	7,396.8	12.0%	13.8%
1997	76,107	54,707.8	6,347.2	7,304.4	11.6%	13.4%
1998	77,007	55,757.2	6,361.7	7,279.9	11.4%	13.1%
1999	78,026	57,049.9	6,527.7	7,424.7	11.4%	13.0%
2000	78,798	57,933.0	6,680.1	7,589.6	11.5%	13.1%
2001	84,083	58,031.1	6,750.7	7,588.8	11.6%	13.1%
2002	90,916	57,840.9	6,741.2	7,539.3	11.7%	13.0%
2003	89,886	59,122.3	6,731.5	7,600.7	11.4%	12.9%
2004	87,939	59,408.4	6,593.4	7,449.6	11.1%	12.5%
2005	88,537	60,422.9	6,815.2	7,626.4	11.3%	12.6%
2006	87,923	61,425.7	6,702.4	7,500.6	10.9%	12.2%
2007	87,606	62,298.9	6,903.0	7,749.0	11.1%	12.4%
2008	86,829	62,531.6	7,159.7	8,036.3	11.4%	12.9%
2009	85,104	60,951.3	6,886.6	7,727.5	11.3%	12.7%
2010	84,160	60,542.2	6,721.5	7,528.3	11.1%	12.4%
2011	82,796	60,510.5	6,751.7	7,551.4	11.2%	12.5%
2012	82,039	61,688.4	6,461.8	7,303.1	10.5%	11.8%
2013	81,773	62,325.6	6,567.9	7,335.8	10.5%	11.8%
2014	82,196	63,391.1	6,634.0	7,428.1	10.5%	11.7%
2015	81,384	64,455.7	6,830.5	7,679.0	10.6%	11.9%
2016	81,448	65,519.4	6,666.5	7,565.4	10.2%	11.5%
2017	80,760	66,430.0	6,646.3	7,506.9	10.0%	11.3%
2018	78,467	67,476.8	6,661.3	7,510.8	9.9%	11.1%
2019	76,094	68,398.2	6,621.3	7,535.2	9.7%	11.0%
2020	65,419	63,472.3	6,670.1	7,506.7	10.5%	11.8%
2021	65,591	65,664.4	6,490.0	7,388.4	9.9%	11.3%
2022	63,353	68,008.6	6,509.5	7,445.2	9.6%	10.9%
2023	61,676	69,473.0	6,574.0	7,461.1	9.5%	10.7%
2024	61,526	69,735.5	6,615.3	7,544.3	9.5%	10.8%
Copyright 2025 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.