| Union Membership, Coverage, Density, and Employment: | |||||||
| Federal Workers (excluding postal) | |||||||
| Year | Sample Size | Wage | At Cap | Union Wage | Nonunion Wage | Unadjusted Union Wage Prem. | Adjusted Union Wage Prem. |
| 1983 | 4,679 | $11.16 | 4.5% | $10.53 | $11.32 | -7.0% | 0.8% |
| 1984 | 4,566 | $11.59 | 4.8% | $11.03 | $11.70 | -5.7% | 1.6% |
| 1985 | 4,411 | $12.10 | 5.7% | $11.57 | $12.20 | -5.2% | 2.1% |
| 1986 | 4,437 | $12.43 | 6.0% | $11.68 | $12.58 | -7.1% | -0.8% |
| 1987 | 4,281 | $12.57 | 5.5% | $12.15 | $12.65 | -4.0% | 1.9% |
| 1988 | 4,072 | $13.40 | 7.5% | $12.97 | $13.50 | -3.9% | 4.8% |
| 1989 | 3,919 | $13.55 | 0.4% | $12.79 | $13.69 | -6.5% | 3.0% |
| 1990 | 4,098 | $14.18 | 0.3% | $13.82 | $14.25 | -3.0% | 5.5% |
| 1991 | 3,909 | $15.45 | 1.0% | $14.09 | $15.70 | -10.3% | 1.7% |
| 1992 | 3,850 | $15.89 | 0.8% | $15.19 | $16.04 | -5.3% | 4.7% |
| 1993 | 3,717 | $16.91 | 1.7% | $16.02 | $17.10 | -6.3% | 3.3% |
| 1994 | 4,364 | $16.92 | 1.5% | $16.72 | $16.97 | -1.5% | 4.9% |
| 1995 | 4,354 | $17.37 | 1.4% | $17.51 | $17.34 | 1.0% | 4.4% |
| 1996 | 2,907 | $18.83 | 1.4% | $18.15 | $18.98 | -4.4% | 6.9% |
| 1997 | 2,816 | $19.37 | 1.9% | $19.11 | $19.43 | -1.6% | 7.3% |
| 1998 | 2,652 | $19.88 | 0.1% | $19.79 | $19.90 | -0.6% | 12.7% |
| 1999 | 2,588 | $21.23 | 0.4% | $21.33 | $21.20 | 0.6% | 6.8% |
| 2000 | 2,550 | $21.82 | 0.3% | $21.81 | $21.82 | -0.1% | 7.0% |
| 2001 | 2,726 | $22.91 | 0.3% | $23.16 | $22.85 | 1.4% | 5.5% |
| 2002 | 3,001 | $23.86 | 0.4% | $23.49 | $23.95 | -1.9% | 8.0% |
| 2003 | 2,891 | $25.40 | 0.9% | $25.09 | $25.48 | -1.5% | 7.5% |
| 2004 | 2,961 | $26.61 | 1.3% | $26.20 | $26.71 | -1.9% | 6.2% |
| 2005 | 3,114 | $27.52 | 1.6% | $27.81 | $27.47 | 1.3% | 8.6% |
| 2006 | 3,040 | $29.19 | 2.3% | $28.58 | $29.31 | -2.5% | 8.2% |
| 2007 | 3,015 | $29.85 | 2.7% | $28.26 | $30.16 | -6.3% | 2.2% |
| 2008 | 3,095 | $30.41 | 2.5% | $29.00 | $30.74 | -5.7% | 6.0% |
| 2009 | 3,185 | $31.42 | 3.0% | $28.74 | $32.04 | -10.3% | 5.3% |
| 2010 | 3,171 | $32.42 | 4.3% | $32.29 | $32.45 | -0.5% | 5.7% |
| 2011 | 3,025 | $34.55 | 4.9% | $35.42 | $34.35 | 3.1% | 7.0% |
| 2012 | 2,972 | $35.74 | 5.8% | $35.02 | $35.90 | -2.4% | 5.6% |
| 2013 | 2,963 | $36.09 | 5.8% | $35.82 | $36.16 | -0.9% | 4.7% |
| 2014 | 2,831 | $35.79 | 5.1% | $34.63 | $36.07 | -4.0% | 4.1% |
| 2015 | 2,828 | $37.92 | 6.8% | $34.38 | $38.78 | -11.4% | 7.3% |
| 2016 | 2,872 | $38.52 | 6.8% | $36.57 | $39.02 | -6.3% | 4.6% |
| 2017 | 2,856 | $39.49 | 7.1% | $38.06 | $39.86 | -4.5% | 12.0% |
| 2018 | 2,769 | $40.93 | 8.6% | $36.98 | $41.83 | -11.6% | 0.6% |
| 2019 | 2,676 | $41.32 | 8.6% | $39.90 | $41.67 | -4.2% | 8.8% |
| 2020 | 2,740 | $45.53 | 11.0% | $41.81 | $46.46 | -10.0% | 4.1% |
| 2021 | 2,590 | $46.76 | 11.7% | $42.66 | $47.70 | -10.6% | -0.7% |
| 2022 | 2,585 | $47.69 | 11.7% | $43.30 | $48.67 | -11.0% | 4.6% |
| 2023 | 2,531 | $50.20 | 8.9% | $46.57 | $51.11 | -8.9% | 4.4% |
| Copyright 2024 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even. The use of this data requires citation. | |||||||