Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by Industry: 2016
CIC	Industry	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
	AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, FISHING, & HUNTING	1,917	1,365	24	37	1.8%	2.7%
170	Crop production	914	716	11	17	1.5%	2.4%
180	Animal production	611	396	4	7	1.1%	1.7%
190	Forestry except logging	96	46	6	8	13.0%	16.8%
270	Logging	108	65	3	3	4.3%	4.3%
280	Fishing, hunting, and trapping	34	18	0	0	2.1%	2.1%
290	Support activities for agriculture and forestry	154	124	0	2	0.1%	1.8%
	MINING	1,324	764	42	48	5.6%	6.3%
370	Oil and gas extraction	139	100	2	2	2.5%	2.5%
380	Coal mining	182	53	6	6	11.1%	11.1%
390	Metal ore mining	69	36	5	8	14.2%	23.3%
470	Nonmetallic mineral and not specified mining, and quarrying	174	106	10	10	9.4%	9.4%
490	Support activities for mining	760	469	19	21	4.1%	4.5%
	UTILITIES	11,054	9,120	1,464	1,552	16.1%	17.0%
570	Electric power generation, transmission and distribution	886	668	153	169	22.9%	25.3%
580	Natural gas distribution	194	147	36	37	24.7%	25.2%
590	Electric and gas, and other combinations	108	95	28	30	29.7%	32.0%
670	Water, steam, air conditioning, and irrigation systems	328	257	61	66	23.8%	25.7%
680	Sewage treatment facilities	102	86	31	32	35.6%	36.9%
690	Not specified utilities	34	28	5	5	16.9%	19.3%
770	CONSTRUCTION	9,402	7,840	1,150	1,213	14.7%	15.5%
	NONDURABLE GOODS MANUFACTURING	6,672	5,557	471	519	8.5%	9.3%
1070	Animal food, grain, and oilseed milling	194	149	13	14	8.4%	9.7%
1080	Sugar and confectionery products	103	77	8	10	10.9%	12.7%
1090	Fruit and vegetable preserving and specialty food manufacturing	187	150	15	15	10.3%	10.3%
1170	Dairy product manufacturing	190	131	13	15	9.8%	11.1%
1180	Animal slaughtering and processing	680	478	72	80	15.0%	16.8%
1190	Retail bakeries	331	280	21	26	7.5%	9.3%
1270	Bakeries, except retail	217	197	25	25	12.9%	12.9%
1280	Seafood and other miscellaneous foods, n.e.c.	269	215	9	14	4.0%	6.7%
1290	Not specified food industries	47	48	2	2	5.2%	5.2%
1370	Beverage manufacturing	318	300	36	38	12.1%	12.5%
1390	Tobacco manufacturing	27	25	2	2	8.6%	8.6%
1470	Fiber, yarn, and thread mills	11	9	1	1	9.8%	9.8%
1480	Fabric mills, except knitting	108	94	2	2	1.9%	1.9%
1490	Textile and fabric finishing and coating mills	23	19	0	1	1.6%	7.7%
1570	Carpet and rug mills	68	70	4	4	5.1%	5.1%
1590	Textile product mills, except carpet and rug	86	66	2	2	2.9%	2.9%
1670	Knitting mills, and apparel knitting mills	24	17	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
1680	Cut and sew apparel manufacturing	245	234	9	12	4.0%	5.0%
1690	Apparel accessories and other apparel manufacturing	7	5	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
1770	Footwear manufacturing	48	45	1	1	2.8%	2.8%
1790	Leather tanning and finishing and other allied products manufacturing	24	19	1	1	5.4%	6.2%
1870	Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills	254	188	57	59	30.3%	31.4%
1880	Paperboard containers and boxes	116	109	17	19	15.6%	17.1%
1890	Miscellaneous paper and pulp products	97	83	10	10	11.9%	12.3%
1990	Printing and related support activities	553	487	14	15	2.8%	3.1%
2070	Petroleum refining	237	175	23	25	13.1%	14.5%
2090	Miscellaneous petroleum and coal products	16	12	1	1	5.7%	5.7%
2170	Resin, synthetic rubber and fibers, and filaments manufacturing	156	128	6	6	5.1%	5.1%
2180	Agricultural chemical manufacturing	50	30	0	1	0.0%	4.2%
2190	Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing	625	568	16	17	2.8%	3.0%
2270	Paint, coating, and adhesives manufacturing	68	65	4	4	6.6%	6.6%
2280	Soap, cleaning compound, and cosmetic manufacturing	152	137	8	10	5.9%	7.7%
2290	Industrial and miscellaneous chemicals	498	402	42	45	10.6%	11.1%
2370	Plastics product manufacturing	470	398	19	21	4.7%	5.4%
2380	Tire manufacturing	76	66	13	14	19.6%	20.9%
2390	Rubber products, except tires, manufacturing	97	80	4	4	4.5%	4.5%
	DURABLE GOODS MANUFACTURING	10,904	9,330	850	933	9.1%	10.0%
2470	Pottery, ceramics, and plumbing fixture manufacturing	27	22	1	2	5.0%	11.1%
2480	Structural clay product manufacturing	28	23	3	3	15.1%	15.1%
2490	Glass and glass product manufacturing	172	161	19	20	11.8%	12.3%
2570	Cement, concrete, lime, and gypsum product manufacturing	180	138	14	14	9.8%	10.5%
2590	Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	94	82	2	3	3.0%	4.2%
2670	Iron and steel mills and steel product manufacturing	317	271	63	66	23.2%	24.3%
2680	Aluminum production and processing	83	70	15	15	20.9%	22.2%
2690	Nonferrous metal (except aluminum) production and processing	59	45	7	8	15.1%	17.5%
2770	Foundries	77	66	11	11	17.3%	17.3%
2780	Metal forgings and stampings	56	48	3	3	5.3%	5.8%
2790	Cutlery and hand tool manufacturing	42	36	1	1	2.8%	2.8%
2870	Structural metals, and boiler, tank, and shipping container manufacturing	413	331	35	35	10.6%	10.7%
2880	Machine shops; turned product; screw, nut, and bolt manufacturing	307	265	18	21	6.7%	7.8%
2890	Coating, engraving, heat treating and allied activities	92	80	9	9	11.5%	11.5%
2970	Ordnance	80	46	4	7	8.8%	14.8%
2980	Miscellaneous fabricated metal products manufacturing	326	268	21	23	7.8%	8.7%
2990	Not specified metal industries	21	21	1	1	6.5%	6.5%
3070	Agricultural implement manufacturing	161	112	7	8	6.4%	6.7%
3080	Construction, and mining and oil and gas field machinery manufacturing	210	168	14	19	8.1%	11.2%
3095	Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing	102	76	5	5	6.3%	6.3%
3170	Metalworking machinery manufacturing	149	134	7	9	5.1%	6.8%
3180	Engines, turbines, and power transmission equipment manufacturing	74	65	14	14	21.4%	21.4%
3190	Machinery manufacturing, n.e.c.	736	636	44	48	6.9%	7.5%
3365	Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing	216	193	1	1	0.6%	0.6%
3370	Communications, and audio and video equipment manufacturing	151	147	4	6	2.8%	4.1%
3380	Navigational, measuring, electromedical, and control instruments manufacturing	253	212	9	11	4.1%	5.0%
3390	Electronic component and product manufacturing, n.e.c.	789	668	15	20	2.2%	3.0%
3470	Household appliance manufacturing	83	77	3	3	3.9%	3.9%
3490	Electrical lighting and electrical equipment manufacturing, and other electrical	351	295	25	28	8.6%	9.4%
3570	Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment manufacturing	1,479	1,392	240	249	17.2%	17.9%
3580	Aircraft and parts manufacturing	809	714	108	117	15.1%	16.4%
3590	Aerospace product and parts manufacturing	74	69	4	4	6.4%	6.4%
3670	Railroad rolling stock manufacturing	32	26	3	4	10.4%	16.0%
3680	Ship and boat building	266	184	39	47	21.1%	25.4%
3690	Other transportation equipment manufacturing	44	39	6	6	15.0%	15.0%
3770	Sawmills and wood preservation	155	110	7	8	6.3%	7.2%
3780	Veneer, plywood, and engineered wood products	56	40	6	6	15.1%	15.1%
3790	Prefabricated wood buildings and mobile homes	40	34	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
3875	Miscellaneous wood products	235	204	11	13	5.4%	6.5%
3895	Furniture and related product manufacturing	474	388	10	13	2.6%	3.4%
3960	Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing	660	559	10	14	1.8%	2.5%
3970	Sporting and athletic goods, and doll, toy and game manufacturing	119	86	4	4	4.9%	4.9%
3980	Miscellaneous manufacturing, n.e.c.	566	493	19	21	3.8%	4.2%
3990	Not specified manufacturing industries	246	236	9	10	4.0%	4.4%
	WHOLESALE TRADE	3,935	3,294	121	137	3.7%	4.2%
4070	Motor vehicles, parts and supplies, merchant wholesalers	200	181	7	7	3.7%	4.0%
4080	Furniture and home furnishing, merchant wholesalers	59	52	1	1	2.0%	2.0%
4090	Lumber and other construction materials, merchant wholesalers	200	166	4	4	2.4%	2.6%
4170	Professional and commercial equipment and supplies, merchant wholesalers	337	291	4	4	1.3%	1.3%
4180	Metals and minerals, except petroleum, merchant wholesalers	57	47	4	5	7.6%	10.1%
4195	Electrical and electronic goods, merchant wholesalers	199	173	4	4	2.0%	2.0%
4265	Hardware, plumbing and heating equipment, and supplies, merchant wholesalers	180	153	2	2	1.5%	1.5%
4270	Machinery, equipment, and supplies, merchant wholesalers	417	317	6	8	2.0%	2.7%
4280	Recyclable material, merchant wholesalers	83	63	3	4	4.7%	6.1%
4290	Miscellaneous durable goods, merchant wholesalers	106	99	2	3	1.5%	2.6%
4370	Paper and paper products, merchant wholesalers	68	54	3	3	5.9%	5.9%
4380	Drugs, sundries, and chemical and allied products, merchant wholesalers	223	204	2	4	1.2%	1.9%
4390	Apparel, fabrics, and notions, merchant wholesalers	97	91	2	2	2.2%	2.2%
4470	Groceries and related products, merchant wholesalers	913	761	59	63	7.7%	8.3%
4480	Farm product raw materials, merchant wholesalers	126	65	1	1	1.7%	1.9%
4490	Petroleum and petroleum products, merchant wholesalers	158	119	4	6	3.4%	5.4%
4560	Alcoholic beverages, merchant wholesalers	147	134	8	10	6.2%	7.7%
4570	Farm supplies, merchant wholesalers	64	44	1	1	2.5%	2.5%
4580	Miscellaneous nondurable goods, merchant wholesalers	204	179	1	1	0.7%	0.7%
4585	Wholesale electronics markets, agents and brokers	50	53	1	1	2.2%	2.2%
4590	Not specified wholesale trade	47	46	2	2	3.4%	3.4%
	RETAIL TRADE	18,541	15,331	671	762	4.4%	5.0%
4670	Automobile dealers	1,618	1,349	35	46	2.6%	3.4%
4680	Other motor vehicle dealers	191	146	4	5	2.8%	3.5%
4690	Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores	628	505	2	4	0.4%	0.9%
4770	Furniture and home furnishings stores	558	482	7	11	1.4%	2.3%
4780	Household appliance stores	46	41	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
4795	Radio, TV, and computer stores	548	486	16	20	3.2%	4.0%
4870	Building material and supplies dealers	1,237	978	15	20	1.5%	2.1%
4880	Hardware stores	244	183	3	3	1.5%	1.5%
4890	Lawn and garden equipment and supplies stores	360	243	8	10	3.3%	3.9%
4970	Grocery stores	3,146	2,641	384	413	14.5%	15.7%
4980	Specialty food stores	261	211	12	13	5.5%	6.1%
4990	Beer, wine, and liquor stores	144	124	8	8	6.3%	6.3%
5070	Pharmacies and drug stores	1,109	921	35	41	3.8%	4.4%
5080	Health and personal care, except drug, stores	355	314	5	7	1.6%	2.1%
5090	Gasoline stations	654	496	12	14	2.5%	2.9%
5170	Clothing stores	1,075	981	16	17	1.6%	1.7%
5180	Shoe stores	153	151	1	1	0.7%	0.7%
5190	Jewelry, luggage, and leather goods stores	177	149	1	1	0.9%	0.9%
5275	Sporting goods, camera, and hobby and toy stores	563	432	3	6	0.8%	1.4%
5280	Sewing, needlework and piece goods stores	52	38	0	0	1.2%	1.2%
5295	Music stores	43	37	1	1	3.1%	3.1%
5370	Book stores and news dealers	115	96	5	5	5.1%	5.1%
5380	Department stores and discount stores	2,588	2,072	46	55	2.2%	2.7%
5390	Miscellaneous general merchandise stores	657	524	18	18	3.3%	3.4%
5470	Retail florists	81	63	0	1	0.0%	1.7%
5480	Office supplies and stationery stores	157	129	5	6	4.0%	4.5%
5490	Used merchandise stores	206	178	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
5570	Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops	175	123	6	6	5.0%	5.0%
5580	Miscellaneous retail stores	463	397	5	9	1.2%	2.2%
5590	Electronic shopping	266	261	1	2	0.5%	0.6%
5591	Electronic auctions	9	8	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
5592	Mail order houses	87	80	5	5	5.9%	5.9%
5670	Vending machine operators	35	27	1	1	2.5%	2.5%
5680	Fuel dealers	94	59	2	3	4.0%	5.7%
5690	Other direct selling establishments	88	71	1	1	1.4%	2.1%
5790	Not specified retail trade	358	336	9	9	2.5%	2.7%
	TRANSPORTATION & WAREHOUSING	7,051	6,038	1,523	1,644	25.2%	27.2%
6070	Air transportation	640	553	217	228	39.2%	41.3%
6080	Rail transportation	355	238	134	142	56.3%	59.4%
6090	Water transportation	80	58	11	12	19.2%	21.2%
6170	Truck transportation	1,991	1,673	152	174	9.1%	10.4%
6180	Bus service and urban transit	575	494	181	195	36.7%	39.4%
6190	Taxi and limousine service	297	279	19	24	6.8%	8.6%
6270	Pipeline transportation	86	50	5	5	10.4%	10.4%
6280	Scenic and sightseeing transportation	47	29	3	4	9.1%	13.6%
6290	Services incidental to transportation	742	669	119	126	17.7%	18.9%
6370	Postal Service	822	666	426	460	64.0%	69.1%
6380	Couriers and messengers	857	766	231	241	30.1%	31.5%
6390	Warehousing and storage	559	563	25	32	4.4%	5.7%
	INFORMATION	3,174	2,623	245	276	9.3%	10.5%
6470	Newspaper publishers	273	186	14	16	7.7%	8.4%
6480	Periodical, book, and directory publishers	217	176	3	3	2.0%	2.0%
6490	Software publishers	107	94	5	5	5.0%	5.0%
6570	Motion pictures and video industries	373	338	38	42	11.2%	12.5%
6590	Sound recording industries	17	18	1	1	3.3%	3.3%
6670	Radio and television broadcasting and cable subscription programming	649	537	33	45	6.2%	8.3%
6672	Internet publishing and broadcasting and web search portals	118	117	3	3	2.2%	2.2%
6680	Wired telecommunications carriers	534	438	76	80	17.3%	18.2%
6690	Other telecommunication services	451	390	45	51	11.5%	13.1%
6695	Data processing, hosting, and related services	139	114	0	1	0.0%	0.7%
6770	Libraries and archives	249	183	27	30	14.8%	16.7%
6780	Other information services	47	31	0	0	0.5%	1.2%
	FINANCE & INSURANCE	8,067	6,768	130	180	1.9%	2.7%
6870	Banking and related activities	2,592	2,099	22	42	1.1%	2.0%
6880	Savings institutions, including credit unions	320	239	8	8	3.2%	3.2%
6890	Non-depository credit and related activities	1,009	880	7	12	0.8%	1.4%
6970	Securities, commodities, funds, trusts, and other financial investments	1,130	993	21	27	2.1%	2.8%
6990	Insurance carriers and related activities	3,016	2,557	72	90	2.8%	3.5%
	REAL ESTATE & RENTAL & LEASING	2,857	2,436	141	163	5.8%	6.7%
7070	Real estate	2,401	2,056	126	145	6.1%	7.0%
7080	Automotive equipment rental and leasing	205	177	10	11	5.5%	6.5%
7170	Video tape and disk rental	14	8	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
7180	Other consumer goods rental	116	100	1	3	1.1%	2.9%
7190	Commercial, industrial, and other intangible assets rental and leasing	121	96	3	4	3.6%	3.8%
	PROF., SCIENTIFIC, TECHNICAL SERVICES	10,674	9,000	187	264	2.1%	2.9%
7270	Legal services	1,557	1,225	33	39	2.7%	3.2%
7280	Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services	1,043	878	12	16	1.3%	1.9%
7290	Architectural, engineering, and related services	1,735	1,434	51	71	3.5%	4.9%
7370	Specialized design services	242	221	3	4	1.4%	1.8%
7380	Computer systems design and related services	2,763	2,491	36	61	1.4%	2.4%
7390	Management, scientific, and technical consulting services	1,377	1,109	21	26	1.9%	2.4%
7460	Scientific research and development services	741	579	16	24	2.8%	4.1%
7470	Advertising and related services	528	479	10	13	2.0%	2.7%
7480	Veterinary services	381	315	3	6	1.0%	1.9%
7490	Other professional, scientific, and technical services	307	268	3	4	1.0%	1.4%
	MANAGEMENT & RELATED SERVICES	6,439	5,727	264	317	4.6%	5.5%
7570	Management of companies and enterprises	205	182	5	6	2.5%	3.5%
7580	Employment services	1,068	981	25	37	2.6%	3.7%
7590	Business support services	815	702	15	19	2.1%	2.8%
7670	Travel arrangements and reservation services	298	257	5	5	2.1%	2.1%
7680	Investigation and security services	836	765	64	78	8.4%	10.2%
7690	Services to buildings and dwellings	1,260	1,103	51	59	4.6%	5.4%
7770	Landscaping services	1,001	918	21	25	2.3%	2.8%
7780	Other administrative and other support services	339	297	13	14	4.3%	4.6%
7790	Waste management and remediation services	617	522	66	72	12.7%	13.8%
	EDUCATIONAL SERVICES	17,086	13,458	4,070	4,557	30.2%	33.9%
7860	Elementary and secondary schools	11,467	8,990	3,504	3,897	39.0%	43.3%
7870	Colleges and universities, including junior colleges	4,916	3,878	522	608	13.5%	15.7%
7880	Business, technical, and trade schools and training	99	85	14	15	16.3%	17.2%
7890	Other schools, instruction, and educational services	604	506	30	37	5.9%	7.3%
	HEALTH CARE & SOCIAL ASSISTANCE	23,896	19,312	1,687	1,937	8.7%	10.0%
7970	Offices of physicians	1,721	1,460	37	46	2.5%	3.2%
7980	Offices of dentists	985	811	20	24	2.5%	2.9%
7990	Offices of chiropractors	123	97	3	4	2.7%	4.4%
8070	Offices of optometrists	150	124	2	3	1.7%	2.6%
8080	Offices of other health practitioners	189	145	7	10	5.0%	6.9%
8090	Outpatient care centers	1,950	1,487	78	99	5.2%	6.7%
8170	Home health care services	1,567	1,352	107	123	7.9%	9.1%
8180	Other health care services	1,553	1,350	87	105	6.5%	7.8%
8190	Hospitals	8,816	6,991	952	1,072	13.6%	15.3%
8270	Nursing care facilities	2,216	1,818	121	138	6.6%	7.6%
8290	Residential care facilities, without nursing	1,023	799	38	46	4.8%	5.7%
8370	Individual and family services	1,848	1,470	178	199	12.1%	13.5%
8380	Community food and housing, and emergency services	163	123	5	7	4.3%	5.9%
8390	Vocational rehabilitation services	160	122	8	10	6.7%	8.1%
8470	Child day care services	1,432	1,162	43	51	3.7%	4.4%
	ARTS, ENTERTAINMENT, & RECREATION	3,185	2,670	177	193	6.6%	7.2%
8560	Independent artists, performing arts, spectator sports, & related industrie	472	435	43	47	9.9%	10.8%
8570	Museums, art galleries, historical sites, and similar institutions	437	357	42	45	11.8%	12.5%
8580	Bowling centers	34	26	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8590	Other amusement, gambling, and recreation industries	2,242	1,851	92	101	4.9%	5.5%
	ACCOMODATION & FOOD SERVICES	12,380	10,480	266	311	2.5%	3.0%
8660	Traveler accommodation	1,902	1,453	114	123	7.8%	8.5%
8670	Recreational vehicle parks and camps, and rooming and boarding houses	119	78	2	2	2.3%	2.3%
8680	Restaurants and other food services	10,094	8,738	149	185	1.7%	2.1%
8690	Drinking places, alcoholic beverages	265	211	1	1	0.6%	0.6%
	OTHER SERVICES, EXC. PUBLIC ADMIN.	7,316	6,003	163	194	2.7%	3.2%
8770	Automotive repair and maintenance	1,107	922	13	17	1.4%	1.8%
8780	Car washes	156	151	3	3	2.3%	2.3%
8790	Electronic and precision equipment repair and maintenance	109	101	2	2	1.7%	2.3%
8870	Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance	327	267	18	19	6.6%	7.1%
8880	Personal and household goods repair and maintenance	109	103	0	1	0.0%	1.0%
8970	Barber shops	74	73	2	2	2.2%	2.2%
8980	Beauty salons	691	604	5	6	0.8%	1.0%
8990	Nail salons and other personal care services	374	355	10	14	2.7%	3.8%
9070	Drycleaning and laundry services	299	249	17	21	6.8%	8.4%
9080	Funeral homes, cemeteries, and crematories	163	136	3	4	2.3%	3.1%
9090	Other personal services	293	250	13	13	5.0%	5.0%
9160	Religious organizations	1,382	1,096	15	19	1.4%	1.8%
9170	Civic, social, advocacy organizations, and grantmaking and giving services	1,106	759	12	16	1.6%	2.1%
9180	Labor unions	70	62	42	42	67.6%	68.2%
9190	Business, professional, political, and similar organizations	252	160	7	8	4.3%	5.1%
9290	Private households	804	715	3	8	0.5%	1.1%
	PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION	9,336	6,856	2,054	2,242	30.0%	32.7%
9370	Executive offices and legislative bodies	1,470	1,043	224	246	21.5%	23.6%
9380	Public finance activities	389	290	78	89	26.8%	30.6%
9390	Other general government and support	145	108	24	28	22.1%	26.4%
9470	Justice, public order, and safety activities	3,480	2,783	1,145	1,203	41.1%	43.2%
9480	Administration of human resource programs	1,399	1,007	279	312	27.7%	31.0%
9490	Administration of environmental quality and housing programs	436	243	60	66	24.5%	27.2%
9570	Administration of economic programs and space research	807	517	118	134	22.7%	26.0%
9590	National security and international affairs	1,210	864	128	164	14.8%	19.0%
Copyright 2024 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.