Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by Industry: 1996
CIC	Industry	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
	AGRICULTURE	2,355	1,710	32	37	1.9%	2.2%
10	Agricultural production, crops	727	553	10	12	1.9%	2.3%
11	Agricultural production, livestock	684	413	3	4	0.7%	1.0%
12	Veterinary services	244	173	2	3	1.4%	2.0%
20	Landscape and horticultural services	552	445	15	15	3.3%	3.5%
30	Agricultural services, n.e.c.	148	126	2	2	1.5%	1.5%
	FORESTRY AND FISHERIES	181	68	5	7	7.2%	10.4%
31	Forestry	135	50	4	6	8.0%	11.6%
32	Fishing, hunting, and trapping	46	18	1	1	5.2%	7.1%
	MINING	8,893	6,414	1,233	1,296	19.2%	20.2%
40	Metal mining	135	60	15	17	24.3%	28.5%
41	Coal mining	191	97	41	42	42.4%	43.2%
42	Oil and gas extraction	464	283	4	6	1.5%	2.2%
50	Nonmetallic mining and quarrying, except fuel	187	99	16	16	15.6%	15.6%
60	CONSTRUCTION	7,916	5,874	1,158	1,215	19.7%	20.7%
	MANUFACTURING, NONDURABLE GOODS	10,514	8,031	1,236	1,326	15.4%	16.5%
100	Meat products	635	455	96	102	21.2%	22.4%
101	Dairy products	178	125	26	26	20.9%	21.0%
102	Canned, frozen and preserved fruits and vegetables	293	211	63	67	29.9%	31.5%
110	Grain mill products	190	137	33	34	24.0%	24.8%
111	Bakery products	265	214	60	63	28.2%	29.4%
112	Sugar and confectionery products	153	95	24	24	25.0%	25.1%
120	Beverage industries	291	234	65	68	27.6%	29.0%
121	Miscellaneous food preparations and kindred products	263	195	32	33	16.4%	17.1%
122	Not specified food industries	14	9	3	3	28.9%	31.2%
130	Tobacco manufactures	63	53	8	10	15.9%	19.4%
132	Knitting mills	126	96	5	5	4.9%	4.9%
140	Dyeing and finishing textiles, except wool and knit goods	55	44	1	1	1.5%	1.5%
141	Carpets and rugs	82	79	3	3	3.6%	3.6%
142	Yarn, thread, and fabric mills	428	358	24	28	6.8%	7.9%
150	Miscellaneous textile mill products	35	26	3	3	9.9%	9.9%
151	Apparel and accessories, except knit	978	770	76	84	9.8%	10.9%
152	Miscellaneous fabricated textile products	185	142	12	13	8.5%	9.1%
160	Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills	370	277	127	132	46.0%	47.6%
161	Miscellaneous paper and pulp products	258	196	53	56	27.0%	28.8%
162	Paperboard containers and boxes	243	197	51	54	26.1%	27.3%
171	Newspaper publishing and printing	624	443	46	49	10.4%	11.1%
172	Printing, publishing, and allied industries, except newspapers	1,627	1,253	88	97	7.0%	7.7%
180	Plastics, synthetics, and resins	202	161	19	21	11.7%	13.0%
181	Drugs	461	344	27	30	7.8%	8.8%
182	Soaps and cosmetics	212	163	15	20	9.2%	12.0%
190	Paints, varnishes, and related products	87	68	11	12	16.5%	17.8%
191	Agricultural chemicals	46	36	3	4	9.3%	12.3%
192	Industrial and miscellaneous chemicals	693	514	75	84	14.5%	16.3%
200	Petroleum refining	174	129	30	34	23.6%	26.1%
201	Miscellaneous petroleum and coal products	37	29	7	9	23.5%	29.4%
210	Tires and inner tubes	107	92	33	34	35.6%	37.1%
211	Other rubber products, and plastics footwear and belting	217	168	28	29	16.6%	17.5%
212	Miscellaneous plastics products	748	596	62	65	10.4%	11.0%
220	Leather tanning and finishing	12	10	6	6	59.5%	59.5%
221	Footwear, except rubber and plastic	94	61	11	14	18.1%	22.9%
222	Leather products, except footwear	68	52	10	11	19.4%	20.5%
	MANUFACTURING, DURABLE GOODS	15,003	11,706	2,176	2,303	18.6%	19.7%
230	Logging	183	109	10	11	9.0%	10.3%
231	Sawmills, planing mills, and millwork	569	381	56	56	14.7%	14.8%
232	Wood buildings and mobile homes	93	76	1	1	1.6%	1.6%
241	Miscellaneous wood products	162	126	18	19	14.4%	14.9%
242	Furniture and fixtures	767	615	56	60	9.1%	9.8%
250	Glass and glass products	244	201	67	69	33.3%	34.3%
251	Cement, concrete, gypsum, and plaster products	267	204	30	32	14.7%	15.7%
252	Structural clay products	42	38	4	5	10.5%	13.5%
261	Pottery and related products	38	33	14	14	41.5%	41.5%
262	Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral and stone products	123	93	21	21	21.9%	22.6%
270	Blast furnaces, steelworks, rolling and finishing mills	421	340	171	173	50.1%	50.8%
271	Iron and steel foundries	108	86	34	36	39.5%	42.3%
272	Primary aluminum industries	184	158	65	66	41.0%	41.9%
280	Other primary metal industries	218	171	44	44	25.8%	26.0%
281	Cutlery, handtools, and general hardware	190	145	23	28	15.9%	19.5%
282	Fabricated structural metal products	601	469	79	86	16.9%	18.3%
290	Screw machine products	87	67	6	6	8.4%	9.4%
291	Metal forgings and stampings	160	127	38	39	30.1%	30.7%
292	Ordnance	75	44	4	4	9.4%	9.4%
300	Miscellaneous fabricated metal products	469	373	73	78	19.6%	21.0%
301	Not specified metal industries	15	11	2	2	20.8%	20.8%
310	Engines and turbines	67	55	16	16	28.3%	29.8%
311	Farm machinery and equipment	165	108	18	19	16.3%	17.7%
312	Construction and material handling machines	275	212	33	36	15.5%	16.9%
320	Metalworking machinery	369	287	17	20	5.8%	7.0%
321	Office and accounting machines	53	44	3	3	5.8%	7.9%
322	Computers and related equipment	637	529	14	15	2.7%	2.9%
331	Machinery, except electrical, n.e.c.	1,454	1,140	151	161	13.3%	14.1%
332	Not specified machinery	8	6	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
340	Household appliances	135	120	35	37	29.2%	30.4%
341	Radio, TV, and communication equipment	516	427	50	53	11.7%	12.4%
342	Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies, n.e.c.	1,646	1,269	151	164	11.9%	12.9%
350	Not specified electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies	41	38	1	2	2.2%	5.7%
351	Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment	1,606	1,297	581	593	44.8%	45.7%
352	Aircraft and parts	489	393	107	119	27.3%	30.2%
360	Ship and boat building and repairing	253	181	44	49	24.1%	26.9%
361	Railroad locomotives and equipment	41	31	9	11	30.4%	35.9%
362	Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts	364	314	47	57	15.0%	18.1%
370	Cycles and miscellaneous transportation equipment	97	76	7	10	9.3%	12.5%
371	Scientific and controlling instruments	292	226	14	16	6.2%	7.2%
372	Medical, dental, and optical instruments and supplies	479	366	15	18	4.2%	4.9%
380	Photographic equipment and supplies	174	137	5	7	4.0%	5.0%
381	Watches, clocks, and clockwork operated devices	9	7	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
390	Toys, amusement, and sporting goods	189	132	6	6	4.9%	4.9%
391	Miscellaneous manufacturing industries	548	379	28	30	7.3%	7.9%
392	Not specified manufacturing industries	80	65	9	9	13.3%	13.3%
	TRANSPORTATION	6,865	5,130	1,855	1,982	36.2%	38.6%
400	Railroads	432	282	208	212	73.6%	75.3%
401	Bus service and urban transit	701	528	192	206	36.4%	38.9%
402	Taxicab service	93	69	9	9	12.7%	12.7%
410	Trucking service	2,506	1,907	445	471	23.3%	24.7%
411	Warehousing and storage	197	158	24	26	15.4%	16.2%
412	U.S. Postal Service	1,153	853	621	682	72.9%	80.0%
420	Water transportation	216	171	50	51	29.2%	29.9%
421	Air transportation	1,058	800	287	304	35.8%	38.0%
422	Pipe lines, except natural gas	22	10	2	2	23.9%	23.9%
432	Services incidental to transportation	487	352	16	18	4.6%	5.2%
	COMMUNICATIONS	2,085	1,578	371	408	23.5%	25.8%
440	Radio and television broadcasting and cable	579	425	46	54	10.9%	12.7%
441	Telephone communications	1,477	1,126	323	352	28.7%	31.2%
442	Telegraph and miscellaneous communications services	29	27	2	2	8.6%	8.6%
	UTILITIES AND SANITARY SERVICES	2,034	1,473	466	499	31.7%	33.9%
450	Electric light and power	876	618	193	209	31.3%	33.9%
451	Gas and steam supply systems	261	177	53	58	30.2%	32.9%
452	Electric and gas, and other combinations	176	140	70	71	49.9%	50.4%
470	Water supply and irrigation	305	225	65	70	28.9%	31.3%
471	Sanitary services	394	295	81	87	27.5%	29.6%
472	Not specified utilities	22	18	4	4	19.0%	19.0%
	WHOLESALE TRADE	5,824	4,372	273	294	6.2%	6.7%
500	Motor vehicles and equipment	250	188	14	16	7.4%	8.3%
501	Furniture and home furnishings	106	85	3	3	3.8%	3.8%
502	Lumber and construction materials	253	185	10	11	5.2%	6.0%
510	Professional and commercial equipment and supplies	473	371	6	7	1.7%	1.9%
511	Metals and minerals, except petroleum	85	65	7	7	10.8%	10.8%
512	Electrical goods	367	289	11	12	3.7%	4.2%
521	Hardware, plumbing and heating supplies	308	231	15	17	6.6%	7.3%
530	Machinery, equipment, and supplies	790	571	19	20	3.3%	3.5%
531	Scrap and waste materials	253	190	15	17	8.0%	9.2%
532	Miscellaneous wholesale, durable goods	125	94	6	6	6.1%	6.9%
540	Paper and paper products	173	134	6	6	4.2%	4.2%
541	Drugs, chemicals and allied products	244	187	8	9	4.1%	4.7%
542	Apparel, fabrics, and notions	153	122	10	10	8.0%	8.6%
550	Groceries and related products	1,161	877	105	111	12.0%	12.6%
551	Farm-product raw materials	134	72	1	1	1.6%	2.0%
552	Petroleum products	168	121	6	7	4.7%	6.1%
560	Alcoholic beverages	159	121	19	19	16.1%	16.1%
561	Farm supplies	217	139	2	3	1.7%	2.5%
562	Miscellaneous wholesale, nondurable goods	370	297	9	10	3.1%	3.4%
571	Not specified wholesale trade	35	32	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
	RETAIL TRADE	26,181	19,379	1,071	1,195	5.5%	6.2%
580	Lumber and building material retailing	735	525	15	19	2.8%	3.5%
581	Hardware stores	295	201	3	3	1.3%	1.4%
582	Retail nurseries and garden stores	158	119	1	1	0.9%	0.9%
590	Mobile home dealers	38	24	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
591	Department stores	2,992	2,260	88	103	3.9%	4.6%
592	Variety stores	141	105	0	1	0.3%	1.2%
600	Miscellaneous general merchandise stores	238	167	9	10	5.6%	6.1%
601	Grocery stores	3,982	2,895	668	704	23.1%	24.3%
602	Dairy products stores	41	27	1	1	5.4%	5.4%
610	Retail bakeries	229	163	13	14	8.0%	8.5%
611	Food stores, n.e.c.	209	160	3	3	1.8%	1.8%
612	Motor vehicle dealers	1,551	1,120	41	46	3.7%	4.1%
620	Auto and home supply stores	542	417	7	9	1.7%	2.1%
621	Gasoline service stations	506	341	6	7	1.7%	1.9%
622	Miscellaneous vehicle dealers	122	86	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
623	Apparel and accessory stores, except shoe	950	703	18	22	2.5%	3.2%
630	Shoe stores	191	151	1	2	0.8%	1.5%
631	Furniture and home furnishings stores	650	496	10	12	2.1%	2.5%
632	Household appliance stores	93	75	1	1	1.9%	1.9%
633	Radio, TV, and computer stores	503	403	6	7	1.4%	1.6%
640	Music stores	131	102	4	4	3.5%	3.5%
641	Eating and drinking places	8,107	6,111	92	125	1.5%	2.1%
642	Drug stores	683	508	29	35	5.7%	6.9%
650	Liquor stores	139	106	6	9	5.8%	8.4%
651	Sporting goods, bicycles, and hobby stores	397	282	4	5	1.6%	1.8%
652	Book and stationery stores	369	262	4	5	1.6%	1.8%
660	Jewelry stores	181	123	1	1	0.6%	0.6%
661	Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops	221	148	2	2	1.4%	1.4%
662	Sewing, needlework and piece goods stores	61	39	0	1	0.0%	2.2%
663	Catalog and mail order houses	203	147	5	5	3.5%	3.5%
670	Vending machine operators	76	59	5	5	9.2%	9.2%
671	Direct selling establishments	209	151	1	4	0.9%	2.6%
672	Fuel dealers	190	114	9	9	7.6%	7.6%
681	Retail florists	197	143	1	1	0.8%	1.0%
682	Miscellaneous retail stores	782	588	12	16	2.1%	2.6%
691	Not specified retail trade	69	59	2	3	3.8%	5.5%
	FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE	9,641	7,071	230	284	3.3%	4.0%
700	Banking	2,583	1,832	34	45	1.8%	2.5%
701	Savings institutions, including credit unions	373	259	7	10	2.9%	3.7%
702	Credit agencies, n.e.c.	764	541	6	15	1.2%	2.8%
710	Security, commodity brokerage, and investment companies	877	655	9	12	1.4%	1.9%
711	Insurance	2,903	2,160	66	80	3.1%	3.7%
712	Real estate, including real estate-insurance offices	2,141	1,623	107	121	6.6%	7.5%
	BUSINESS AND REPAIR SERVICES	8,013	6,190	197	248	3.2%	4.0%
721	Advertising	281	219	4	6	1.8%	2.8%
722	Services to dwellings and other buildings	824	637	53	62	8.4%	9.8%
731	Personnel supply services	1,020	808	17	25	2.1%	3.1%
732	Computer and data processing services	1,384	1,104	12	21	1.1%	1.9%
740	Detective and protective services	632	503	28	35	5.7%	7.1%
741	Business services, n.e.c.	1,768	1,311	25	33	1.9%	2.5%
742	Automotive rental and leasing, without drivers	191	145	8	9	5.8%	6.4%
750	Automotive parking and carwashes	216	170	6	6	3.8%	3.8%
751	Automotive repair and related services	1,095	831	12	16	1.5%	2.0%
752	Electrical repair shops	116	91	8	8	8.7%	8.7%
760	Miscellaneous repair services	486	371	22	25	5.9%	6.7%
	PERSONAL SERVICES	4,985	3,531	210	236	5.9%	6.7%
761	Private Households	1,268	946	10	12	1.1%	1.2%
762	Hotels and Motels	2,004	1,316	157	173	11.9%	13.2%
770	Lodging places, except hotels and motels	144	105	1	1	1.2%	1.2%
771	Laundry, cleaning, and garment services	482	367	34	41	9.2%	11.1%
772	Beauty shops	695	504	4	5	0.8%	1.1%
780	Barber shops	43	33	1	1	2.0%	2.0%
781	Funeral service and crematories	100	72	0	0	0.7%	0.7%
782	Shoe repair shops	7	7	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
790	Dressmaking shops	1	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
791	Miscellaneous personal services	241	181	3	3	1.4%	1.6%
	ENTERTAINMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES	9,738	7,047	878	1,021	12.5%	14.5%
800	Theaters and motion pictures	595	447	66	74	14.7%	16.5%
801	Video tape rental	150	108	1	1	1.0%	1.0%
802	Bowling centers	69	51	3	3	5.4%	5.4%
810	Miscellaneous entertainment and recreation services	1,869	1,408	113	130	8.0%	9.2%
	MEDICAL SERVICES, EXCEPT HOSPITALS	7,672	5,503	409	478	7.4%	8.7%
812	Offices and clinics of physicians	1,756	1,260	37	48	3.0%	3.8%
820	Offices and clinics of dentists	684	484	11	15	2.3%	3.1%
821	Offices and clinics of chiropractors	87	60	0	2	0.6%	2.7%
822	Offices and clinics of optometrists	77	56	1	1	1.2%	1.8%
830	Offices and clinics of health practitioners, n.e.c.	50	35	1	1	2.9%	2.9%
831	HOSPITALS	7,055	5,033	696	814	13.8%	16.2%
832	Nursing and personal care facilities	2,494	1,756	191	215	10.8%	12.2%
840	Health services, n.e.c.	2,524	1,850	168	196	9.1%	10.6%
	OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES	6,305	4,587	109	132	2.4%	2.9%
841	Legal services	1,347	986	12	16	1.2%	1.6%
	EDUCATIONAL SERVICES	14,084	9,869	3,466	4,026	35.1%	40.8%
842	Elementary and secondary schools	9,585	6,724	3,040	3,482	45.2%	51.8%
850	Colleges and universities	3,947	2,755	376	484	13.7%	17.6%
851	Vocational schools	115	84	12	14	14.1%	17.2%
852	Libraries	248	174	29	33	16.8%	19.1%
860	Educational services, n.e.c.	189	132	9	12	6.9%	8.9%
	SOCIAL SERVICES	3,536	2,512	191	231	7.6%	9.2%
861	Job training and vocational rehabilitation services	285	196	12	13	6.2%	6.8%
862	Child day care services	1,109	790	16	28	2.0%	3.6%
863	Family child care homes	22	15	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
870	Residential care facilities, without nursing	612	463	29	33	6.3%	7.2%
871	Social services, n.e.c.	1,508	1,049	134	157	12.8%	15.0%
872	Museums, art galleries, and zoos	157	108	5	6	4.4%	6.0%
873	Labor unions	92	57	40	41	70.3%	72.2%
880	Religious organizations	1,242	907	9	11	1.0%	1.2%
881	Membership organizations, n.e.c.	497	343	4	5	1.1%	1.6%
882	Engineering, architectural, and surveying services	900	675	17	21	2.5%	3.1%
890	Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping services	651	496	2	5	0.5%	0.9%
891	Research, development, and testing services	702	494	17	23	3.5%	4.6%
892	Management and public relations services	626	460	3	4	0.6%	0.9%
893	Miscellaneous professional and related services	91	63	1	1	1.0%	1.0%
	PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION	8,281	5,790	1,861	2,154	32.1%	37.2%
900	Executive and legislative offices	255	148	23	24	15.2%	16.1%
901	General government, n.e.c.	906	611	136	163	22.3%	26.6%
910	Justice, public order, and safety	3,091	2,298	1,033	1,111	44.9%	48.3%
921	Public finance, taxation, and monetary policy	514	364	101	124	27.6%	33.9%
922	Administration of human resources programs	1,199	825	250	310	30.3%	37.5%
930	Administration of environmental quality and housing programs	428	252	53	69	21.1%	27.4%
931	Administration of economic programs	885	587	161	200	27.5%	34.0%
932	National security and international affairs	1,003	706	105	155	14.8%	21.9%
Copyright 2024 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.