Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by Industry: 1994
CIC	Industry	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
	AGRICULTURE	2,179	1,491	33	41	2.2%	2.8%
10	Agricultural production, crops	672	503	12	12	2.3%	2.3%
11	Agricultural production, livestock	637	365	6	6	1.7%	1.7%
12	Veterinary services	202	128	2	2	1.9%	1.9%
20	Landscape and horticultural services	548	409	12	20	2.9%	4.8%
30	Agricultural services, n.e.c.	120	86	1	1	1.2%	1.2%
	FORESTRY AND FISHERIES	254	132	16	21	12.1%	16.1%
31	Forestry	195	102	13	19	13.2%	18.3%
32	Fishing, hunting, and trapping	59	29	2	2	8.5%	8.5%
	MINING	9,520	6,063	1,212	1,284	20.0%	21.2%
40	Metal mining	150	65	24	26	36.1%	39.6%
41	Coal mining	229	117	45	47	38.0%	39.9%
42	Oil and gas extraction	604	368	14	17	3.7%	4.6%
50	Nonmetallic mining and quarrying, except fuel	206	103	21	22	19.9%	21.1%
60	CONSTRUCTION	8,331	5,409	1,110	1,173	20.5%	21.7%
	MANUFACTURING, NONDURABLE GOODS	12,636	8,014	1,361	1,464	17.0%	18.3%
100	Meat products	730	466	80	90	17.1%	19.3%
101	Dairy products	231	156	46	46	29.3%	29.3%
102	Canned, frozen and preserved fruits and vegetables	349	223	54	57	24.3%	25.3%
110	Grain mill products	206	143	26	27	18.0%	19.1%
111	Bakery products	327	222	59	62	26.7%	27.8%
112	Sugar and confectionery products	166	102	29	31	28.2%	30.2%
120	Beverage industries	258	196	51	52	26.2%	26.7%
121	Miscellaneous food preparations and kindred products	280	180	32	37	18.0%	20.5%
122	Not specified food industries	20	14	4	4	31.8%	31.8%
130	Tobacco manufactures	81	51	18	20	36.1%	38.3%
132	Knitting mills	208	105	6	6	5.4%	5.4%
140	Dyeing and finishing textiles, except wool and knit goods	43	27	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
141	Carpets and rugs	79	63	2	2	3.9%	3.9%
142	Yarn, thread, and fabric mills	657	394	25	27	6.3%	6.9%
150	Miscellaneous textile mill products	57	30	6	6	20.0%	21.1%
151	Apparel and accessories, except knit	1,225	793	113	123	14.2%	15.5%
152	Miscellaneous fabricated textile products	240	151	17	18	11.0%	12.1%
160	Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills	489	304	157	162	51.6%	53.2%
161	Miscellaneous paper and pulp products	286	191	40	45	21.0%	23.5%
162	Paperboard containers and boxes	310	205	69	74	33.9%	36.2%
171	Newspaper publishing and printing	812	474	65	70	13.7%	14.7%
172	Printing, publishing, and allied industries, except newspapers	1,812	1,185	92	108	7.8%	9.1%
180	Plastics, synthetics, and resins	242	152	22	23	14.7%	15.1%
181	Drugs	510	292	21	25	7.1%	8.6%
182	Soaps and cosmetics	279	185	30	32	16.2%	17.6%
190	Paints, varnishes, and related products	90	70	14	15	20.6%	21.8%
191	Agricultural chemicals	86	49	6	6	11.9%	12.9%
192	Industrial and miscellaneous chemicals	828	506	83	91	16.4%	18.0%
200	Petroleum refining	248	159	41	43	26.0%	26.8%
201	Miscellaneous petroleum and coal products	31	22	6	6	28.3%	28.3%
210	Tires and inner tubes	124	79	29	29	37.1%	37.1%
211	Other rubber products, and plastics footwear and belting	271	158	34	37	21.6%	23.2%
212	Miscellaneous plastics products	829	537	60	67	11.1%	12.4%
220	Leather tanning and finishing	17	9	2	2	25.3%	25.3%
221	Footwear, except rubber and plastic	134	70	12	13	17.1%	17.9%
222	Leather products, except footwear	81	51	9	9	16.8%	16.8%
	MANUFACTURING, DURABLE GOODS	17,363	11,366	2,172	2,353	19.1%	20.7%
230	Logging	186	101	5	5	4.6%	5.3%
231	Sawmills, planing mills, and millwork	571	360	46	50	12.7%	13.9%
232	Wood buildings and mobile homes	81	54	4	5	7.8%	9.1%
241	Miscellaneous wood products	186	123	12	14	9.8%	11.2%
242	Furniture and fixtures	991	631	68	75	10.8%	11.9%
250	Glass and glass products	261	174	71	71	40.6%	40.8%
251	Cement, concrete, gypsum, and plaster products	279	179	32	33	17.9%	18.7%
252	Structural clay products	38	27	2	3	9.1%	10.0%
261	Pottery and related products	70	46	8	9	18.3%	19.1%
262	Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral and stone products	147	93	19	20	20.9%	21.8%
270	Blast furnaces, steelworks, rolling and finishing mills	494	356	175	178	49.1%	50.0%
271	Iron and steel foundries	158	111	35	35	31.4%	31.8%
272	Primary aluminum industries	211	140	53	53	37.5%	37.8%
280	Other primary metal industries	254	153	33	39	21.8%	25.2%
281	Cutlery, handtools, and general hardware	162	102	18	19	17.2%	18.3%
282	Fabricated structural metal products	671	455	67	72	14.6%	15.8%
290	Screw machine products	66	47	4	4	8.5%	8.5%
291	Metal forgings and stampings	206	139	46	51	33.1%	36.5%
292	Ordnance	103	60	9	11	14.6%	18.4%
300	Miscellaneous fabricated metal products	581	400	85	88	21.4%	21.9%
301	Not specified metal industries	2	2	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
310	Engines and turbines	100	68	27	29	39.3%	42.1%
311	Farm machinery and equipment	192	111	14	16	12.7%	14.7%
312	Construction and material handling machines	343	223	39	43	17.5%	19.2%
320	Metalworking machinery	468	281	26	29	9.2%	10.3%
321	Office and accounting machines	63	41	2	2	5.8%	5.8%
322	Computers and related equipment	795	523	9	11	1.8%	2.1%
331	Machinery, except electrical, n.e.c.	1,584	1,063	161	172	15.1%	16.2%
332	Not specified machinery	6	4	2	2	38.4%	38.4%
340	Household appliances	183	117	31	33	26.5%	28.1%
341	Radio, TV, and communication equipment	606	420	47	53	11.2%	12.7%
342	Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies, n.e.c.	1,931	1,260	136	156	10.8%	12.4%
350	Not specified electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies	12	9	1	1	8.6%	8.6%
351	Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment	1,922	1,213	539	550	44.4%	45.3%
352	Aircraft and parts	565	430	125	167	29.2%	39.0%
360	Ship and boat building and repairing	283	186	51	63	27.5%	34.1%
361	Railroad locomotives and equipment	57	34	13	15	38.7%	43.5%
362	Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts	457	333	47	56	14.2%	16.7%
370	Cycles and miscellaneous transportation equipment	86	55	14	15	24.9%	27.0%
371	Scientific and controlling instruments	315	211	17	18	7.9%	8.5%
372	Medical, dental, and optical instruments and supplies	535	353	21	22	5.8%	6.3%
380	Photographic equipment and supplies	176	108	12	13	11.5%	11.9%
381	Watches, clocks, and clockwork operated devices	17	9	3	3	27.6%	27.6%
390	Toys, amusement, and sporting goods	249	157	12	15	7.8%	9.7%
391	Miscellaneous manufacturing industries	631	361	27	29	7.4%	8.1%
392	Not specified manufacturing industries	69	42	5	6	12.4%	14.3%
	TRANSPORTATION	7,920	5,106	1,932	2,065	37.8%	40.4%
400	Railroads	503	284	212	214	74.5%	75.3%
401	Bus service and urban transit	818	534	210	223	39.3%	41.8%
402	Taxicab service	141	79	8	8	9.6%	10.7%
410	Trucking service	2,797	1,849	398	423	21.5%	22.9%
411	Warehousing and storage	206	146	20	22	13.6%	15.2%
412	U.S. Postal Service	1,430	889	673	735	75.7%	82.6%
420	Water transportation	264	174	53	56	30.8%	32.1%
421	Air transportation	1,191	809	332	351	41.0%	43.4%
422	Pipe lines, except natural gas	35	17	3	5	18.2%	27.0%
432	Services incidental to transportation	535	326	25	28	7.6%	8.5%
	COMMUNICATIONS	2,338	1,517	426	492	28.1%	32.4%
440	Radio and television broadcasting and cable	627	380	37	45	9.8%	11.8%
441	Telephone communications	1,664	1,105	383	441	34.7%	39.9%
442	Telegraph and miscellaneous communications services	47	32	5	6	17.1%	18.9%
	UTILITIES AND SANITARY SERVICES	2,422	1,521	489	522	32.1%	34.3%
450	Electric light and power	1,062	629	214	228	34.0%	36.2%
451	Gas and steam supply systems	287	178	50	52	28.3%	29.0%
452	Electric and gas, and other combinations	221	157	78	83	49.7%	52.7%
470	Water supply and irrigation	363	234	61	67	25.9%	28.6%
471	Sanitary services	474	314	83	89	26.5%	28.5%
472	Not specified utilities	15	8	3	3	34.1%	41.6%
	WHOLESALE TRADE	6,282	4,002	259	289	6.5%	7.2%
500	Motor vehicles and equipment	278	174	11	12	6.4%	7.0%
501	Furniture and home furnishings	104	74	2	3	2.7%	4.3%
502	Lumber and construction materials	256	156	6	7	4.0%	4.4%
510	Professional and commercial equipment and supplies	520	352	4	5	1.1%	1.5%
511	Metals and minerals, except petroleum	103	71	6	7	9.0%	10.2%
512	Electrical goods	395	267	11	12	4.0%	4.3%
521	Hardware, plumbing and heating supplies	355	234	17	17	7.2%	7.4%
530	Machinery, equipment, and supplies	842	502	12	14	2.5%	2.9%
531	Scrap and waste materials	260	176	18	18	9.9%	10.1%
532	Miscellaneous wholesale, durable goods	141	87	3	3	4.0%	4.0%
540	Paper and paper products	158	99	2	5	1.9%	5.4%
541	Drugs, chemicals and allied products	260	164	8	9	4.8%	5.3%
542	Apparel, fabrics, and notions	175	105	10	11	9.1%	10.7%
550	Groceries and related products	1,187	778	111	120	14.3%	15.4%
551	Farm-product raw materials	162	83	1	2	1.0%	2.1%
552	Petroleum products	197	123	7	9	6.0%	7.1%
560	Alcoholic beverages	175	117	15	17	12.5%	14.2%
561	Farm supplies	217	120	2	2	2.1%	2.1%
562	Miscellaneous wholesale, nondurable goods	474	308	12	14	3.8%	4.5%
571	Not specified wholesale trade	23	11	1	1	11.2%	12.7%
	RETAIL TRADE	28,789	18,407	1,133	1,250	6.2%	6.8%
580	Lumber and building material retailing	806	497	17	21	3.4%	4.2%
581	Hardware stores	302	185	6	6	3.4%	3.4%
582	Retail nurseries and garden stores	150	97	2	2	2.4%	2.4%
590	Mobile home dealers	33	20	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
591	Department stores	3,320	2,177	93	107	4.3%	4.9%
592	Variety stores	223	129	2	3	1.3%	2.2%
600	Miscellaneous general merchandise stores	195	116	10	10	8.2%	8.2%
601	Grocery stores	4,519	2,868	706	748	24.6%	26.1%
602	Dairy products stores	43	28	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
610	Retail bakeries	245	153	9	9	5.6%	6.1%
611	Food stores, n.e.c.	224	146	3	3	2.3%	2.3%
612	Motor vehicle dealers	1,567	1,019	38	42	3.8%	4.1%
620	Auto and home supply stores	573	356	7	10	2.0%	2.9%
621	Gasoline service stations	522	328	3	6	1.0%	1.9%
622	Miscellaneous vehicle dealers	113	72	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
623	Apparel and accessory stores, except shoe	1,087	704	20	22	2.9%	3.2%
630	Shoe stores	217	152	3	3	1.9%	1.9%
631	Furniture and home furnishings stores	732	460	15	17	3.3%	3.7%
632	Household appliance stores	138	96	1	1	1.5%	1.5%
633	Radio, TV, and computer stores	488	341	5	6	1.5%	1.7%
640	Music stores	168	114	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
641	Eating and drinking places	8,959	5,765	106	134	1.8%	2.3%
642	Drug stores	852	522	32	37	6.1%	7.1%
650	Liquor stores	148	86	6	6	6.9%	6.9%
651	Sporting goods, bicycles, and hobby stores	471	298	3	5	1.0%	1.5%
652	Book and stationery stores	315	207	2	2	1.0%	1.0%
660	Jewelry stores	217	126	1	1	0.8%	0.8%
661	Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops	234	134	1	1	0.4%	0.4%
662	Sewing, needlework and piece goods stores	90	53	2	2	2.8%	2.8%
663	Catalog and mail order houses	246	150	7	7	4.5%	4.7%
670	Vending machine operators	92	59	8	8	14.2%	14.2%
671	Direct selling establishments	200	126	3	5	2.4%	3.7%
672	Fuel dealers	224	120	7	9	5.7%	7.1%
681	Retail florists	196	123	2	2	1.8%	1.8%
682	Miscellaneous retail stores	836	555	12	15	2.2%	2.6%
691	Not specified retail trade	44	28	0	0	0.5%	0.5%
	FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE	11,166	7,132	217	291	3.0%	4.1%
700	Banking	3,161	1,944	22	44	1.1%	2.3%
701	Savings institutions, including credit unions	533	334	8	10	2.4%	3.0%
702	Credit agencies, n.e.c.	768	516	6	10	1.2%	2.0%
710	Security, commodity brokerage, and investment companies	979	620	11	15	1.7%	2.4%
711	Insurance	3,370	2,174	77	102	3.5%	4.7%
712	Real estate, including real estate-insurance offices	2,355	1,544	94	110	6.1%	7.1%
	BUSINESS AND REPAIR SERVICES	8,372	5,620	250	296	4.5%	5.3%
721	Advertising	357	228	5	7	2.0%	2.9%
722	Services to dwellings and other buildings	913	611	59	67	9.6%	11.0%
731	Personnel supply services	1,185	789	13	19	1.6%	2.4%
732	Computer and data processing services	1,270	860	9	16	1.1%	1.8%
740	Detective and protective services	622	445	35	42	7.8%	9.5%
741	Business services, n.e.c.	1,848	1,199	35	42	3.0%	3.5%
742	Automotive rental and leasing, without drivers	239	162	12	12	7.5%	7.5%
750	Automotive parking and carwashes	220	164	12	13	7.0%	7.9%
751	Automotive repair and related services	1,118	757	27	31	3.6%	4.1%
752	Electrical repair shops	131	88	7	8	8.1%	9.0%
760	Miscellaneous repair services	469	316	37	39	11.7%	12.3%
	PERSONAL SERVICES	5,681	3,510	182	202	5.2%	5.8%
761	Private Households	1,459	948	9	13	0.9%	1.3%
762	Hotels and Motels	2,230	1,278	128	137	10.0%	10.7%
770	Lodging places, except hotels and motels	171	112	1	2	0.8%	1.8%
771	Laundry, cleaning, and garment services	577	377	34	38	9.0%	10.0%
772	Beauty shops	782	485	6	7	1.3%	1.4%
780	Barber shops	55	43	1	1	1.2%	1.2%
781	Funeral service and crematories	113	73	2	2	2.4%	2.4%
782	Shoe repair shops	4	2	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
790	Dressmaking shops	4	2	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
791	Miscellaneous personal services	286	189	2	4	1.3%	2.0%
	ENTERTAINMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES	11,040	6,794	902	1,047	13.3%	15.4%
800	Theaters and motion pictures	531	355	70	76	19.8%	21.4%
801	Video tape rental	187	126	2	2	1.8%	1.8%
802	Bowling centers	90	50	1	1	1.3%	1.3%
810	Miscellaneous entertainment and recreation services	2,034	1,274	107	118	8.4%	9.3%
	MEDICAL SERVICES, EXCEPT HOSPITALS	8,003	4,895	399	465	8.2%	9.5%
812	Offices and clinics of physicians	1,817	1,139	36	48	3.1%	4.2%
820	Offices and clinics of dentists	723	443	4	5	1.0%	1.2%
821	Offices and clinics of chiropractors	94	63	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
822	Offices and clinics of optometrists	78	47	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
830	Offices and clinics of health practitioners, n.e.c.	72	46	2	4	4.6%	8.5%
831	HOSPITALS	8,198	4,988	722	850	14.5%	17.0%
832	Nursing and personal care facilities	2,857	1,685	216	238	12.8%	14.1%
840	Health services, n.e.c.	2,362	1,473	142	170	9.6%	11.5%
	OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES	7,160	4,448	148	188	3.3%	4.2%
841	Legal services	1,489	932	14	20	1.5%	2.2%
	EDUCATIONAL SERVICES	16,070	9,585	3,427	4,008	35.8%	41.8%
842	Elementary and secondary schools	10,733	6,453	2,990	3,445	46.3%	53.4%
850	Colleges and universities	4,666	2,738	382	498	14.0%	18.2%
851	Vocational schools	142	88	18	19	20.7%	22.1%
852	Libraries	342	197	26	33	13.0%	16.7%
860	Educational services, n.e.c.	187	109	11	12	9.8%	11.3%
	SOCIAL SERVICES	4,173	2,518	218	256	8.7%	10.2%
861	Job training and vocational rehabilitation services	396	235	12	14	5.2%	6.0%
862	Child day care services	1,404	835	19	31	2.3%	3.7%
863	Family child care homes	40	24	1	1	2.1%	2.1%
870	Residential care facilities, without nursing	685	423	36	41	8.4%	9.6%
871	Social services, n.e.c.	1,648	1,001	151	170	15.1%	17.0%
872	Museums, art galleries, and zoos	164	91	10	11	11.3%	12.3%
873	Labor unions	112	71	54	56	75.3%	78.0%
880	Religious organizations	1,406	887	12	16	1.3%	1.8%
881	Membership organizations, n.e.c.	627	371	9	14	2.4%	3.8%
882	Engineering, architectural, and surveying services	1,016	633	23	29	3.7%	4.6%
890	Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping services	687	422	4	7	1.0%	1.7%
891	Research, development, and testing services	972	598	17	23	2.8%	3.9%
892	Management and public relations services	590	387	3	7	0.9%	1.8%
893	Miscellaneous professional and related services	97	56	1	4	2.0%	7.4%
	PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION	9,436	5,870	1,963	2,309	33.4%	39.3%
900	Executive and legislative offices	291	149	12	14	7.9%	9.4%
901	General government, n.e.c.	911	571	156	188	27.3%	32.9%
910	Justice, public order, and safety	3,491	2,288	1,097	1,183	48.0%	51.7%
921	Public finance, taxation, and monetary policy	710	433	117	154	27.1%	35.6%
922	Administration of human resources programs	1,305	776	231	286	29.7%	36.9%
930	Administration of environmental quality and housing programs	520	281	56	69	19.9%	24.7%
931	Administration of economic programs	1,063	624	183	228	29.3%	36.5%
932	National security and international affairs	1,145	748	111	187	14.8%	25.0%
Copyright 2024 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.