Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by Industry: 1990
CIC	Industry	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
	AGRICULTURE	2,121	1,215	21	23	1.7%	1.9%
10	Agricultural production, crops	921	541	10	10	1.9%	1.9%
11	Agricultural production, livestock	826	437	7	8	1.6%	1.9%
20	Agricultural services, exc. horticultural	374	237	3	5	1.5%	2.0%
	FORESTRY AND FISHERIES	820	479	16	21	3.3%	4.5%
21	Horticultural services	578	376	9	11	2.5%	2.8%
30	Forestry	176	69	6	10	8.2%	14.0%
31	Fishing, hunting, and trapping	66	34	1	1	2.6%	3.6%
	MINING	11,271	6,414	1,392	1,490	21.7%	23.2%
40	Metal mining	187	65	17	21	25.6%	31.8%
41	Coal mining	316	157	60	63	37.9%	40.2%
42	Crude petroleum and natural gas extraction	660	337	17	19	5.2%	5.8%
50	Nonmetallic mining and quarrying, exc. fuel	234	112	27	32	23.7%	28.2%
60	CONSTRUCTION	9,874	5,742	1,271	1,355	22.1%	23.6%
	MANUFACTURING, NONDURABLE GOODS	14,658	8,369	1,539	1,662	18.4%	19.9%
100	Meat products	810	456	89	96	19.5%	21.1%
101	Dairy products	313	172	51	53	29.6%	30.6%
102	Canned and preserved fruits and vegetables	476	248	78	81	31.5%	32.6%
110	Grain mill products	255	142	35	37	24.3%	25.8%
111	Bakery products	382	230	79	84	34.4%	36.6%
112	Sugar and confectionery products	198	107	39	40	36.3%	37.2%
120	Beverage industries	360	235	57	60	24.3%	25.6%
121	Miscellaneous food preparations and kindred products	365	205	39	43	18.9%	21.2%
122	Not specified food industries	4	3	0	1	0.0%	28.1%
130	Tobacco manufacturers	87	43	8	8	18.3%	19.7%
132	Knitting mills	238	109	8	10	7.6%	9.3%
140	Dyeing and finishing textiles, exc. wool and knit goods	58	29	4	4	12.1%	12.1%
141	Floor coverings, exc. hard surface	89	72	8	8	11.6%	11.6%
142	Yarn, thread, and fabric mills	848	433	36	40	8.3%	9.1%
150	Miscellaneous textile mill products	91	41	6	8	15.3%	18.6%
151	Apparel and accessories, exc. knit	1,508	913	144	159	15.8%	17.4%
152	Miscellaneous fabricated textile products	250	138	15	15	10.6%	10.6%
160	Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills	581	331	176	179	53.1%	54.2%
161	Miscellaneous paper and pulp products	341	202	42	46	21.0%	22.9%
162	Paperboard containers and boxes	334	202	56	58	28.0%	28.7%
171	Newspaper publishing and printing	927	520	68	75	13.0%	14.4%
172	Printing, publishing, allied industries, exc. newspapers	2,072	1,220	125	138	10.2%	11.3%
180	Plastics, synthetics, and resins	291	163	24	26	14.7%	15.8%
181	Drugs	505	266	22	27	8.4%	10.2%
182	Soaps and cosmetics	263	155	25	25	16.0%	16.0%
190	Paints, varnishes, and related products	111	68	9	10	12.8%	14.1%
191	Agricultural chemicals	89	42	5	5	12.4%	12.4%
192	Industrial and miscellaneous chemicals	1,076	607	116	126	19.1%	20.8%
200	Petroleum refining	227	135	36	41	27.0%	30.5%
201	Miscellaneous petroleum and coal products	46	30	8	10	26.6%	34.9%
210	Tires and inner tubes	141	83	29	30	34.9%	36.1%
211	Other rubber products, plastics footwear and belting	236	129	31	33	24.0%	25.2%
212	Miscellaneous plastics products	839	503	56	65	11.1%	12.8%
220	Leather tanning and finishing	19	10	4	4	39.1%	44.7%
221	Footwear, exc. rubber and plastic	154	87	7	13	8.6%	15.4%
222	Leather products, exc. footwear	74	40	4	5	10.6%	11.5%
	MANUFACTURING, DURABLE GOODS	20,621	12,258	2,683	2,890	21.9%	23.6%
230	Logging	196	109	7	10	6.2%	8.9%
231	Sawmills, planing mills, and millwork	696	393	63	68	16.1%	17.2%
232	Wood buildings and mobile homes	104	64	3	3	5.0%	5.0%
241	Miscellaneous wood products	246	135	17	19	12.6%	14.2%
242	Furniture and fixtures	1,137	652	80	85	12.3%	13.1%
250	Glass and glass products	330	193	70	71	36.5%	37.0%
251	Cement, concrete, gypsum, and plaster products	337	199	42	45	21.3%	22.5%
252	Structural clay products	71	46	12	15	25.4%	32.8%
261	Pottery and related products	73	39	13	13	34.5%	34.5%
262	Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral and stone products	244	143	35	42	24.7%	29.5%
270	Blast furnaces, steelworks, rolling and finishing mills	590	389	203	205	52.1%	52.7%
271	Iron and steel foundries	202	130	50	51	38.6%	39.6%
272	Primary aluminum industries	210	128	47	50	36.8%	38.8%
280	Other primary metal industries	372	209	53	57	25.2%	27.1%
281	Cutlery, handtools, and other hardware	201	117	24	25	20.1%	21.0%
282	Fabricated structural metal products	784	472	107	113	22.7%	24.0%
290	Screw machine products	95	57	8	9	14.3%	15.2%
291	Metal forgings and stampings	226	127	36	38	28.0%	29.6%
292	Ordnance	151	82	22	26	27.2%	31.3%
300	Miscellaneous fabricated metal products	578	364	94	102	25.8%	28.1%
301	Not specified metal industries	1	1	0	1	0.0%	100.0%
310	Engines and turbines	127	83	38	38	46.0%	46.0%
311	Farm machinery and equipment	211	106	31	33	29.1%	31.5%
312	Construction and material handling machines	381	229	55	59	23.9%	25.8%
320	Metalworking machinery	472	259	35	39	13.6%	15.1%
321	Office and accounting machines	141	79	7	7	8.2%	9.3%
322	Electronic computing equipment	1,164	669	14	18	2.0%	2.7%
331	Machinery, exc. electrical, n.e.c.	1,629	966	165	177	17.0%	18.3%
332	Not specified machinery	7	4	1	1	15.2%	15.2%
340	Household appliances	253	155	59	64	38.2%	41.0%
341	Radio, T.V., and communication equipment	721	437	49	55	11.2%	12.6%
342	Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies, n.e.c.	2,434	1,457	200	223	13.7%	15.3%
350	Not specified electrical machinery, equipment, and supplie	14	10	3	3	24.9%	24.9%
351	Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment	1,907	1,120	540	556	48.2%	49.7%
352	Aircraft and parts	969	664	212	240	31.9%	36.1%
360	Ship and boat building and repairing	426	242	63	72	25.8%	29.7%
361	Railroad locomotives and equipment	44	28	13	13	47.2%	47.2%
362	Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts	639	424	81	99	19.1%	23.4%
370	Cycles and miscellaneous transportation equipment	112	73	19	20	26.5%	28.0%
371	Scientific and controlling instruments	424	250	25	30	9.9%	12.0%
372	Optical and health services supplies	530	317	21	23	6.6%	7.3%
380	Photographic equipment and supplies	232	129	11	13	8.7%	10.0%
381	Watches, clocks, and clockwork operated devices	23	12	1	1	11.0%	11.0%
390	Toys, amusement, and sporting goods	198	117	17	18	14.9%	15.4%
391	Miscellaneous manufacturing industries	663	347	34	36	9.9%	10.5%
392	Not specified manufacturing industries	56	34	4	5	11.4%	13.3%
	TRANSPORTATION	8,139	4,662	1,847	1,979	39.6%	42.5%
400	Railroads	585	297	228	233	76.8%	78.4%
401	Bus service and urban transit	757	436	170	186	39.0%	42.6%
402	Taxicab service	126	69	4	5	6.3%	7.2%
410	Trucking service	2,820	1,627	394	423	24.2%	26.0%
411	Warehousing and storage	245	142	19	20	13.7%	14.0%
412	U.S. Postal Service	1,543	870	670	726	77.0%	83.5%
420	Water transportation	266	163	49	54	30.2%	33.0%
421	Air transportation	1,204	724	276	294	38.1%	40.6%
422	Pipe lines, exc. natural gas	30	16	3	4	19.5%	23.7%
432	Services incidental to transportation	563	318	32	35	10.2%	11.0%
	COMMUNICATIONS	2,646	1,513	535	595	35.4%	39.4%
440	Radio and television broadcasting	458	246	30	34	12.4%	13.9%
441	Telephone (wire and radio)	1,828	1,057	483	539	45.7%	51.0%
442	Telegraph and miscellaneous communications services	360	210	21	22	10.2%	10.6%
	UTILITIES AND SANITARY SERVICES	2,853	1,559	533	591	34.2%	37.9%
460	Electric light and power	1,325	706	263	287	37.2%	40.6%
461	Gas and steam supply systems	367	199	61	70	30.8%	35.2%
462	Electric and gas, and other combinations	278	160	63	69	39.4%	43.4%
470	Water supply and irrigation	380	213	52	62	24.3%	28.9%
471	Sanitary services	491	274	92	101	33.5%	36.7%
472	Not specified utilities	12	6	2	2	37.9%	37.9%
	WHOLESALE TRADE	6,989	4,022	263	299	6.5%	7.4%
500	Motor vehicles and equipment	311	188	11	12	5.9%	6.1%
501	Furniture and home furnishings	95	57	1	2	2.5%	3.5%
502	Lumber and construction materials	232	145	13	14	8.9%	9.6%
510	Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods	68	40	1	1	2.4%	3.7%
511	Metals and minerals, exc. petroleum	148	90	10	11	11.5%	12.4%
512	Electrical goods	453	271	8	10	2.9%	3.8%
521	Hardware, plumbing and heating supplies	365	204	8	9	3.8%	4.2%
530	Machinery, equipment, and supplies	1,738	979	21	27	2.1%	2.8%
531	Scrap and waste materials	215	130	14	15	10.7%	11.5%
532	Miscellaneous wholesale, durable goods	119	68	1	1	0.8%	1.8%
540	Paper and paper products	203	115	6	7	5.3%	6.4%
541	Drugs, chemicals, and allied products	345	205	12	12	5.7%	6.0%
542	Apparel, fabrics, and notions	194	108	6	8	5.8%	7.6%
550	Groceries and related products	1,208	725	107	119	14.8%	16.5%
551	Farm products - raw materials	183	76	2	3	2.2%	3.9%
552	Petroleum products	271	150	8	8	5.0%	5.4%
560	Alcoholic beverages	218	125	21	22	16.9%	17.3%
561	Farm supplies	227	114	2	3	1.3%	2.3%
562	Miscellaneous wholesale, nondurable goods	379	221	12	14	5.4%	6.3%
571	Not specified wholesale trade	17	11	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
	RETAIL TRADE	30,873	17,717	1,106	1,236	6.2%	7.0%
580	Lumber and building material retailing	848	474	26	31	5.4%	6.6%
581	Hardware stores	316	173	2	3	1.1%	1.5%
582	Retail nurseries and garden stores	109	65	1	1	1.9%	1.9%
590	Mobile home dealers	34	19	0	0	0.4%	0.4%
591	Department stores	3,626	2,110	96	115	4.5%	5.4%
592	Variety stores	238	121	3	3	2.8%	2.8%
600	Miscellaneous general merchandise stores	233	119	11	14	9.6%	11.6%
601	Grocery stores	4,862	2,772	683	720	24.7%	26.0%
602	Dairy products stores	74	45	1	2	3.0%	3.6%
610	Retail bakeries	258	142	10	10	7.1%	7.1%
611	Food stores, n.e.c.	264	157	5	7	3.0%	4.4%
612	Motor vehicle dealers	1,797	1,029	48	56	4.6%	5.5%
620	Auto and home supply stores	657	369	8	9	2.2%	2.4%
621	Gasoline service stations	772	429	3	4	0.6%	0.9%
622	Miscellaneous vehicle dealers	152	84	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
630	Apparel and accessory stores, exc. shoe	1,358	757	19	26	2.5%	3.4%
631	Shoe stores	265	162	0	2	0.2%	0.9%
632	Furniture and home furnishings stores	722	418	13	15	3.2%	3.5%
640	Household appliances, TV, and radio stores	761	444	2	3	0.5%	0.7%
641	Eating and drinking places	9,249	5,431	93	118	1.7%	2.2%
642	Drug stores	945	530	35	42	6.7%	7.9%
650	Liquor stores	195	107	4	5	3.6%	4.8%
651	Sporting goods, bicycles, and hobby stores	463	259	7	7	2.6%	2.6%
652	Book and stationery stores	351	197	6	6	2.9%	3.2%
660	Jewelry stores	280	158	4	5	2.5%	3.1%
661	Sewing, needlework, and piece goods stores	95	50	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
662	Mail order houses	179	106	4	4	3.6%	3.6%
670	Vending machine operators	109	60	5	6	8.6%	9.4%
671	Direct selling establishments	165	101	0	1	0.0%	1.2%
672	Fuel and ice dealers	193	96	7	8	7.4%	8.2%
681	Retail florists	281	154	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
682	Miscellaneous retail stores	988	559	8	13	1.4%	2.4%
691	Not specified retail trade	34	20	1	1	4.9%	4.9%
	FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE	12,400	7,079	223	293	3.1%	4.1%
700	Banking	3,741	2,052	29	54	1.4%	2.6%
701	Savings and loan associations	306	182	1	3	0.7%	1.6%
702	Credit agencies, n.e.c.	892	508	13	18	2.5%	3.6%
710	Security, commodity brokerage, and investment companies	1,017	592	11	17	1.9%	2.9%
711	Insurance	3,793	2,184	75	97	3.4%	4.5%
712	Real estate, including real estate-insurance-law offices	2,651	1,562	94	104	6.0%	6.6%
	BUSINESS AND REPAIR SERVICES	9,435	5,561	248	304	4.5%	5.5%
721	Advertising	369	216	7	9	3.4%	4.0%
722	Services to dwellings and other buildings	854	495	59	62	11.9%	12.6%
730	Commercial research, development, and testing labs	487	261	14	18	5.5%	6.8%
731	Personnel supply services	1,112	657	16	23	2.5%	3.6%
732	Business management and consulting services	703	399	7	10	1.8%	2.5%
740	Computer and data processing services	1,133	684	7	14	1.0%	2.1%
741	Detective and protective services	565	337	27	35	8.1%	10.3%
742	Business services, n.e.c.	1,876	1,106	33	46	3.0%	4.1%
750	Automotive services, exc. repair	588	367	24	28	6.7%	7.6%
751	Automotive repair shops	1,105	655	16	21	2.5%	3.2%
752	Electrical repair shops	152	96	5	6	5.7%	6.3%
760	Miscellaneous repair services	491	288	30	33	10.5%	11.4%
	PERSONAL SERVICES	6,543	3,609	173	204	4.8%	5.6%
761	Private households	1,756	1,009	0	1	0.0%	0.1%
762	Hotels and motels	2,493	1,291	135	155	10.5%	12.0%
770	Lodging places, exc. hotels and motels	231	132	1	1	0.5%	0.7%
771	Laundry, cleaning, and garment services	746	417	30	33	7.2%	8.0%
772	Beauty shops	763	432	3	7	0.8%	1.7%
780	Barber shops	42	27	1	1	4.9%	4.9%
781	Funeral service and crematories	100	59	1	1	1.6%	1.6%
782	Shoe repair shops	2	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
790	Dressmaking shops	6	3	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
791	Miscellaneous personal services	404	238	2	3	0.7%	1.2%
	ENTERTAINMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES	10,823	5,978	826	1,004	13.8%	16.8%
800	Theaters and motion pictures	578	342	65	67	19.0%	19.6%
801	Bowling alleys, billiard and pool parlors	93	55	2	2	3.0%	3.0%
802	Miscellaneous entertainment and recreation services	1,604	860	76	92	8.8%	10.7%
	MEDICAL SERVICES, EXCEPT HOSPITALS	7,489	4,133	323	395	7.8%	9.6%
812	Offices of physicians	1,477	809	12	24	1.5%	3.0%
820	Offices of dentists	766	428	7	10	1.7%	2.2%
821	Offices of chiropractors	90	53	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
822	Offices of optometrists	79	42	0	0	0.0%	0.3%
830	Offices of health practitioners, n.e.c.	64	36	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
831	HOSPITALS	8,548	4,721	684	843	14.5%	17.9%
832	Nursing and personal care facilities	2,846	1,549	165	192	10.7%	12.4%
840	Health services, n.e.c.	2,167	1,216	138	168	11.3%	13.9%
	OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES	6,643	3,670	133	167	3.6%	4.6%
841	Legal services	1,629	899	18	23	2.0%	2.6%
	EDUCATIONAL SERVICES	16,861	9,044	3,059	3,684	33.8%	40.7%
842	Elementary and secondary schools	11,220	6,016	2,697	3,213	44.8%	53.4%
850	Colleges and universities	5,016	2,689	328	424	12.2%	15.8%
851	Business, trade, and vocational schools	114	62	4	6	6.7%	9.1%
852	Libraries	337	178	25	30	14.1%	17.0%
860	Educational services, n.e.c.	174	99	5	10	5.5%	10.4%
	SOCIAL SERVICES	3,617	1,972	173	210	8.8%	10.7%
861	Job training and vocational rehabilitation services	434	228	6	8	2.6%	3.4%
862	Child day care services	1,027	575	14	19	2.5%	3.3%
870	Residential care facilities, without nursing	676	369	36	42	9.9%	11.4%
871	Social services, n.e.c.	1,480	801	116	141	14.5%	17.7%
872	Museums, art galleries, and zoos	204	98	6	8	6.6%	8.2%
880	Religious organizations	1,451	789	3	7	0.4%	0.9%
881	Membership organizations	983	521	73	79	14.0%	15.1%
882	Engineering, architectural, and surveying services	1,295	753	18	25	2.3%	3.4%
890	Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping services	750	417	6	10	1.3%	2.4%
891	Noncommercial educational and scientific research	259	151	9	14	6.0%	9.1%
892	Miscellaneous professional and related services	72	43	1	1	2.1%	2.1%
	PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION	10,228	5,620	1,684	2,055	30.0%	36.6%
900	Executive and legislative offices	308	154	16	21	10.6%	13.6%
901	General government, n.e.c.	1,208	648	149	184	23.0%	28.4%
910	Justice, public order, and safety	3,440	1,999	869	961	43.5%	48.1%
921	Public finance, taxation, and monetary policy	667	369	95	124	25.8%	33.6%
922	Administration of human resources programs	1,269	666	202	247	30.3%	37.1%
930	Administration of environmental quality & housing programs	632	298	71	81	23.7%	27.1%
931	Administration of economic programs	1,174	628	173	217	27.5%	34.5%
932	National security and international affairs	1,530	858	109	221	12.7%	25.7%
Copyright 2024 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.