Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by Industry: 1985
CIC	Industry	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
	AGRICULTURE	2,287	1,185	15	16	1.3%	1.3%
10	Agricultural production, crops	1,162	627	8	9	1.3%	1.4%
11	Agricultural production, livestock	821	392	4	4	1.0%	1.0%
20	Agricultural services, exc. horticultural	304	166	3	3	1.9%	1.9%
	FORESTRY AND FISHERIES	689	358	32	39	8.9%	11.0%
21	Horticultural services	419	242	14	16	5.8%	6.8%
30	Forestry	181	79	15	19	19.0%	24.3%
31	Fishing, hunting, and trapping	89	37	3	4	7.1%	9.7%
	MINING	11,656	6,095	1,355	1,453	22.2%	23.8%
40	Metal mining	133	50	17	19	34.8%	39.2%
41	Coal mining	369	180	82	84	45.3%	46.4%
42	Crude petroleum and natural gas extraction	1,155	552	23	32	4.2%	5.9%
50	Nonmetallic mining and quarrying, exc. fuel	234	101	31	32	30.5%	31.6%
60	CONSTRUCTION	9,765	5,212	1,203	1,286	23.1%	24.7%
	MANUFACTURING, NONDURABLE GOODS	15,194	8,071	1,884	2,029	23.3%	25.1%
100	Meat products	746	382	100	108	26.2%	28.3%
101	Dairy products	327	172	53	56	30.7%	32.6%
102	Canned and preserved fruits and vegetables	460	229	75	83	32.9%	36.2%
110	Grain mill products	221	113	43	44	37.9%	38.7%
111	Bakery products	451	262	111	121	42.2%	46.2%
112	Sugar and confectionery products	202	107	37	38	34.8%	35.8%
120	Beverage industries	420	244	89	91	36.5%	37.5%
121	Miscellaneous food preparations and kindred products	369	185	54	58	29.3%	31.3%
130	Tobacco manufacturers	113	61	22	23	36.3%	37.8%
132	Knitting mills	254	136	14	14	10.4%	10.4%
140	Dyeing and finishing textiles, exc. wool and knit goods	88	38	8	9	21.7%	24.4%
141	Floor coverings, exc. hard surface	82	53	7	8	12.9%	14.5%
142	Yarn, thread, and fabric mills	877	448	41	44	9.1%	9.8%
150	Miscellaneous textile mill products	77	40	7	9	18.5%	22.0%
151	Apparel and accessories, exc. knit	1,768	996	229	244	23.0%	24.5%
152	Miscellaneous fabricated textile products	286	153	25	27	16.4%	17.9%
160	Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills	576	291	174	178	60.0%	61.2%
161	Miscellaneous paper and pulp products	340	184	53	58	28.9%	31.8%
162	Paperboard containers and boxes	327	185	71	75	38.6%	40.4%
171	Newspaper publishing and printing	1,000	502	69	75	13.6%	14.9%
172	Printing, publishing, allied industries, exc. newspapers	1,967	1,064	144	163	13.5%	15.3%
180	Plastics, synthetics, and resins	229	120	23	25	19.0%	20.9%
181	Drugs	441	229	22	25	9.7%	11.0%
182	Soaps and cosmetics	284	154	23	26	15.2%	16.9%
190	Paints, varnishes, and related products	106	65	12	13	19.0%	20.6%
191	Agricultural chemicals	107	48	5	7	11.1%	14.8%
192	Industrial and miscellaneous chemicals	1,069	543	103	116	19.0%	21.3%
200	Petroleum refining	308	169	55	58	32.5%	34.2%
201	Miscellaneous petroleum and coal products	34	23	6	7	26.4%	30.0%
210	Tires and inner tubes	189	108	48	51	45.0%	47.3%
211	Other rubber products, plastics footwear and belting	288	151	44	46	29.2%	30.7%
212	Miscellaneous plastics products	844	456	83	96	18.1%	21.0%
220	Leather tanning and finishing	19	9	4	4	39.4%	39.4%
221	Footwear, exc. rubber and plastic	221	102	16	17	15.8%	16.7%
222	Leather products, exc. footwear	104	50	12	13	23.8%	25.4%
	MANUFACTURING, DURABLE GOODS	22,100	12,208	3,151	3,442	25.8%	28.2%
230	Logging	193	96	9	10	9.3%	10.6%
231	Sawmills, planing mills, and millwork	691	341	64	68	18.8%	20.0%
232	Wood buildings and mobile homes	105	70	5	5	6.9%	7.7%
241	Miscellaneous wood products	233	119	11	13	9.5%	11.1%
242	Furniture and fixtures	1,030	553	90	101	16.3%	18.2%
250	Glass and glass products	273	150	64	67	42.5%	44.4%
251	Cement, concrete, gypsum, and plaster products	360	189	47	50	24.7%	26.6%
252	Structural clay products	72	44	9	12	20.5%	27.4%
261	Pottery and related products	66	36	7	7	19.7%	19.7%
262	Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral and stone products	213	111	23	24	21.2%	22.0%
270	Blast furnaces, steelworks, rolling and finishing mills	628	376	217	225	57.9%	60.0%
271	Iron and steel foundries	202	119	53	57	44.0%	47.6%
272	Primary aluminum industries	204	115	51	53	44.0%	45.9%
280	Other primary metal industries	350	174	62	69	35.8%	39.6%
281	Cutlery, handtools, and other hardware	230	121	33	35	27.2%	28.7%
282	Fabricated structural metal products	790	453	107	113	23.7%	24.9%
290	Screw machine products	152	82	14	15	17.0%	18.2%
291	Metal forgings and stampings	232	133	48	53	36.0%	39.4%
292	Ordnance	192	99	37	44	37.8%	44.8%
300	Miscellaneous fabricated metal products	669	381	107	113	28.0%	29.6%
301	Not specified metal industries	2	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
310	Engines and turbines	142	86	43	46	50.3%	53.8%
311	Farm machinery and equipment	224	117	37	41	32.1%	35.2%
312	Construction and material handling machines	423	254	63	68	24.8%	26.8%
320	Metalworking machinery	540	280	39	45	14.1%	16.2%
321	Office and accounting machines	184	106	8	8	7.2%	8.0%
322	Electronic computing equipment	1,345	704	32	43	4.6%	6.1%
331	Machinery, exc. electrical, n.e.c.	1,823	1,009	233	251	23.1%	24.8%
332	Not specified machinery	7	4	1	1	32.9%	32.9%
340	Household appliances	291	171	63	72	36.6%	41.9%
341	Radio, T.V., and communication equipment	967	554	98	112	17.8%	20.2%
342	Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies, n.e.c.	2,670	1,497	266	307	17.8%	20.5%
350	Not specified electrical machinery, equipment, and supplie	13	6	1	1	11.3%	11.3%
351	Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment	2,141	1,198	686	713	57.3%	59.6%
352	Aircraft and parts	1,043	617	208	242	33.8%	39.2%
360	Ship and boat building and repairing	579	309	90	103	29.1%	33.3%
361	Railroad locomotives and equipment	37	23	9	9	40.7%	40.7%
362	Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts	560	342	70	85	20.6%	24.8%
370	Cycles and miscellaneous transportation equipment	117	69	15	18	21.4%	25.4%
371	Scientific and controlling instruments	460	245	31	33	12.5%	13.5%
372	Optical and health services supplies	534	284	23	28	8.2%	9.8%
380	Photographic equipment and supplies	253	138	14	16	9.8%	11.5%
381	Watches, clocks, and clockwork operated devices	29	18	6	6	31.1%	33.7%
382	Not specified professional equipment	2	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
390	Toys, amusement, and sporting goods	194	104	16	16	15.0%	15.5%
391	Miscellaneous manufacturing industries	582	279	36	39	13.0%	14.2%
392	Not specified manufacturing industries	53	29	4	4	12.1%	14.8%
	TRANSPORTATION	7,757	4,056	1,814	1,943	44.7%	47.9%
400	Railroads	808	398	327	331	82.1%	83.1%
401	Bus service and urban transit	769	412	206	218	49.9%	52.8%
402	Taxicab service	133	71	10	13	14.4%	18.1%
410	Trucking service	2,635	1,386	420	443	30.3%	31.9%
411	Warehousing and storage	191	98	21	23	21.0%	23.5%
412	U.S. Postal Service	1,422	725	539	600	74.3%	82.7%
420	Water transportation	319	181	64	66	35.3%	36.3%
421	Air transportation	962	511	206	225	40.4%	44.0%
422	Pipe lines, exc. natural gas	47	22	4	5	16.0%	21.9%
432	Services incidental to transportation	471	251	18	21	7.1%	8.4%
	COMMUNICATIONS	2,974	1,578	626	688	39.6%	43.6%
440	Radio and television broadcasting	461	222	23	25	10.4%	11.5%
441	Telephone (wire and radio)	2,145	1,159	578	634	49.9%	54.7%
442	Telegraph and miscellaneous communications services	368	196	24	28	12.3%	14.3%
	UTILITIES AND SANITARY SERVICES	2,806	1,473	522	580	35.5%	39.4%
460	Electric light and power	1,252	645	257	282	39.8%	43.7%
461	Gas and steam supply systems	381	197	53	57	26.8%	28.9%
462	Electric and gas, and other combinations	309	175	70	83	39.8%	47.2%
470	Water supply and irrigation	428	223	61	67	27.3%	30.2%
471	Sanitary services	423	226	80	89	35.6%	39.4%
472	Not specified utilities	13	8	2	2	30.8%	30.8%
	WHOLESALE TRADE	6,998	3,743	282	315	7.5%	8.4%
500	Motor vehicles and equipment	400	213	16	18	7.6%	8.3%
501	Furniture and home furnishings	103	56	4	5	6.8%	8.9%
502	Lumber and construction materials	229	118	12	15	10.4%	12.6%
510	Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods	65	35	2	2	6.2%	6.2%
511	Metals and minerals, exc. petroleum	155	88	11	12	13.0%	13.4%
512	Electrical goods	485	268	12	16	4.5%	6.0%
521	Hardware, plumbing and heating supplies	359	198	8	8	4.0%	4.0%
522	Not specified electrical and hardware products	1	0	0	0	100.0%	100.0%
530	Machinery, equipment, and supplies	1,742	937	28	34	3.0%	3.7%
531	Scrap and waste materials	174	95	8	8	8.5%	8.5%
532	Miscellaneous wholesale, durable goods	110	67	1	1	1.0%	1.0%
540	Paper and paper products	199	109	7	7	6.1%	6.8%
541	Drugs, chemicals, and allied products	327	174	8	9	4.4%	5.2%
542	Apparel, fabrics, and notions	168	93	8	9	8.2%	9.2%
550	Groceries and related products	1,125	616	100	106	16.3%	17.3%
551	Farm products - raw materials	236	98	7	7	7.1%	7.1%
552	Petroleum products	315	162	13	15	7.9%	9.4%
560	Alcoholic beverages	232	121	28	30	22.9%	25.1%
561	Farm supplies	216	104	2	3	2.4%	3.2%
562	Miscellaneous wholesale, nondurable goods	334	174	6	7	3.5%	4.2%
571	Not specified wholesale trade	23	14	1	1	6.3%	6.3%
	RETAIL TRADE	30,113	15,765	1,130	1,254	7.2%	8.0%
580	Lumber and building material retailing	739	381	22	25	5.7%	6.5%
581	Hardware stores	334	169	8	9	4.8%	5.3%
582	Retail nurseries and garden stores	132	70	1	1	1.4%	1.4%
590	Mobile home dealers	54	33	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
591	Department stores	3,709	2,036	119	147	5.9%	7.2%
592	Variety stores	277	137	2	3	1.5%	2.2%
600	Miscellaneous general merchandise stores	242	113	7	10	6.5%	9.2%
601	Grocery stores	4,324	2,283	634	670	27.8%	29.3%
602	Dairy products stores	92	46	4	4	7.6%	7.6%
610	Retail bakeries	285	149	18	19	12.1%	12.7%
611	Food stores, n.e.c.	274	146	9	10	6.4%	6.9%
612	Motor vehicle dealers	1,790	950	45	56	4.8%	5.9%
620	Auto and home supply stores	661	338	12	14	3.5%	4.0%
621	Gasoline service stations	958	489	3	4	0.6%	0.7%
622	Miscellaneous vehicle dealers	145	75	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
630	Apparel and accessory stores, exc. shoe	1,228	642	19	24	2.9%	3.7%
631	Shoe stores	271	149	2	2	1.1%	1.1%
632	Furniture and home furnishings stores	776	419	11	11	2.7%	2.7%
640	Household appliances, TV, and radio stores	687	355	7	9	1.8%	2.5%
641	Eating and drinking places	9,223	4,766	127	149	2.7%	3.1%
642	Drug stores	877	459	32	36	7.1%	7.8%
650	Liquor stores	201	96	5	5	4.9%	5.6%
651	Sporting goods, bicycles, and hobby stores	350	180	4	5	2.2%	2.9%
652	Book and stationery stores	299	150	5	5	3.0%	3.0%
660	Jewelry stores	235	125	4	4	3.6%	3.6%
661	Sewing, needlework, and piece goods stores	119	62	0	0	0.0%	0.4%
662	Mail order houses	149	79	4	4	4.7%	4.7%
670	Vending machine operators	114	61	9	9	14.7%	14.9%
671	Direct selling establishments	224	114	1	1	1.2%	1.2%
672	Fuel and ice dealers	203	93	4	4	4.8%	4.8%
681	Retail florists	263	139	1	1	0.7%	0.7%
682	Miscellaneous retail stores	862	452	10	12	2.1%	2.7%
691	Not specified retail trade	16	7	1	1	14.0%	14.0%
	FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE	11,618	6,189	218	290	3.5%	4.7%
700	Banking	3,721	1,922	35	55	1.8%	2.9%
701	Savings and loan associations	479	262	1	3	0.5%	1.0%
702	Credit agencies, n.e.c.	757	393	10	20	2.7%	5.1%
710	Security, commodity brokerage, and investment companies	849	468	8	11	1.8%	2.4%
711	Insurance	3,454	1,860	69	92	3.7%	4.9%
712	Real estate, including real estate-insurance-law offices	2,358	1,284	93	109	7.3%	8.5%
	BUSINESS AND REPAIR SERVICES	8,226	4,452	252	305	5.7%	6.8%
721	Advertising	389	209	3	5	1.2%	2.4%
722	Services to dwellings and other buildings	742	412	57	62	13.9%	15.1%
730	Commercial research, development, and testing labs	462	201	12	16	6.1%	8.1%
731	Personnel supply services	979	543	19	28	3.4%	5.1%
732	Business management and consulting services	462	243	3	4	1.0%	1.8%
740	Computer and data processing services	829	454	8	13	1.7%	2.9%
741	Detective and protective services	556	308	33	40	10.7%	13.1%
742	Business services, n.e.c.	1,469	797	40	48	5.0%	6.0%
750	Automotive services, exc. repair	533	295	22	23	7.4%	7.9%
751	Automotive repair shops	1,139	630	27	30	4.2%	4.8%
752	Electrical repair shops	166	90	13	14	14.3%	15.2%
760	Miscellaneous repair services	500	270	17	20	6.2%	7.3%
	PERSONAL SERVICES	6,624	3,318	186	210	5.6%	6.3%
761	Private households	2,310	1,199	2	2	0.1%	0.1%
762	Hotels and motels	2,156	969	134	150	13.8%	15.4%
770	Lodging places, exc. hotels and motels	183	92	1	3	1.6%	3.2%
771	Laundry, cleaning, and garment services	631	336	36	40	10.8%	12.0%
772	Beauty shops	833	445	9	10	1.9%	2.3%
780	Barber shops	43	21	1	1	6.5%	6.5%
781	Funeral service and crematories	105	59	1	1	1.1%	1.9%
782	Shoe repair shops	11	5	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
790	Dressmaking shops	6	3	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
791	Miscellaneous personal services	346	189	2	3	1.2%	1.6%
	ENTERTAINMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES	10,232	5,327	766	949	14.4%	17.8%
800	Theaters and motion pictures	505	264	59	64	22.4%	24.4%
801	Bowling alleys, billiard and pool parlors	131	69	1	1	1.1%	2.2%
802	Miscellaneous entertainment and recreation services	1,408	723	76	89	10.5%	12.3%
	MEDICAL SERVICES, EXCEPT HOSPITALS	6,015	3,092	264	313	8.5%	10.1%
812	Offices of physicians	1,174	620	11	13	1.8%	2.1%
820	Offices of dentists	682	356	4	7	1.2%	2.0%
821	Offices of chiropractors	72	33	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
822	Offices of optometrists	56	29	0	0	0.6%	0.6%
830	Offices of health practitioners, n.e.c.	50	25	1	1	2.5%	2.5%
831	HOSPITALS	8,188	4,272	630	794	14.7%	18.6%
832	Nursing and personal care facilities	2,579	1,294	167	189	12.9%	14.6%
840	Health services, n.e.c.	1,402	735	81	103	11.0%	14.1%
	OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES	5,817	3,021	132	166	4.4%	5.5%
841	Legal services	1,329	678	17	21	2.5%	3.0%
	EDUCATIONAL SERVICES	16,183	8,081	2,790	3,419	34.5%	42.3%
842	Elementary and secondary schools	10,930	5,477	2,435	2,946	44.5%	53.8%
850	Colleges and universities	4,634	2,305	318	425	13.8%	18.4%
851	Business, trade, and vocational schools	122	56	3	6	6.1%	11.2%
852	Libraries	343	168	26	34	15.5%	20.0%
860	Educational services, n.e.c.	154	75	7	8	9.2%	11.3%
	SOCIAL SERVICES	2,969	1,523	147	178	9.7%	11.7%
861	Job training and vocational rehabilitation services	284	138	7	10	5.2%	7.2%
862	Child day care services	821	428	12	15	2.8%	3.6%
870	Residential care facilities, without nursing	559	280	20	24	7.2%	8.5%
871	Social services, n.e.c.	1,305	677	108	129	15.9%	19.1%
872	Museums, art galleries, and zoos	145	69	10	12	14.1%	17.6%
880	Religious organizations	1,336	697	6	12	0.8%	1.7%
881	Membership organizations	835	414	61	65	14.7%	15.7%
882	Engineering, architectural, and surveying services	1,116	609	24	32	3.9%	5.3%
890	Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping services	709	373	3	7	0.9%	1.9%
891	Noncommercial educational and scientific research	269	138	10	15	6.9%	11.0%
892	Miscellaneous professional and related services	78	42	2	2	3.7%	3.7%
	PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION	9,974	4,985	1,430	1,770	28.7%	35.5%
900	Executive and legislative offices	366	154	23	26	14.8%	17.0%
901	General government, n.e.c.	1,023	502	108	145	21.5%	28.8%
910	Justice, public order, and safety	3,098	1,637	715	801	43.7%	48.9%
921	Public finance, taxation, and monetary policy	693	349	81	106	23.3%	30.3%
922	Administration of human resources programs	1,306	642	196	248	30.6%	38.6%
930	Administration of environmental quality & housing programs	744	329	63	80	19.2%	24.4%
931	Administration of economic programs	1,119	525	137	179	26.0%	34.0%
932	National security and international affairs	1,625	847	106	186	12.5%	21.9%
Copyright 2024 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.